Cannabis sativa subsp. indica (Lam.) E.Small & Cronquist, Taxon 25: 426 1976. (syn: Cannabis indica var. kafiristanica Vav.; Cannabis kafiristanica (Vav.) J. Chrtek; Cannabis orientalis Lam.; Cannabis sativa var. indica (Lam.) Wehmer; Cannabis sativa var. kafiristanica (Vavilov) E. Small & A. Cronquist; Cannabis sativa var. kif DC.);
.
Pakistan, Afghanistan (Badakshan, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost), India, Nepal, South America (I), trop. Africa (I), Guinea (I), Hawaii (I) (Kauai (I), Oahu (I), Molokai (I), Lanai (I), Maui (I), Kahoolawe Isl. (I), Hawaii Isl. (I)), Lebanon (c), Morocco (c), South Africa (I) as per Catalogue of life;
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KAN-na-bis — Greek kannabis (hemp) … Pronunciation of Plant Names • Wikitionary
sa-TEE-vuh — cultivated … Dave’s Botanary 

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commonly known asgallow grassIndian hempmarijuanatrue hempweed • Assameseভাং bhangগঞ্জিকা gonjikaগাঁজা ganja • Bengaliভাং bhangগাঁজা ganjaসিদ্ধি siddhi • Gujaratiભાંગ bhangગાંજા ganja • Hindiभांग bhangबिजया bijayaचरस charasगांझा ganjhaमातुलानी matulaniसन sanसिद्धि siddhi • Kannadaಭಂಗಿ bhangiಗಾಂಜಾ ಗಿಡ ganja gidaಕುಸುವು ಗಿಡ kusuvu gida • Kashmiriबंग banga • Konkaniभांगी bhaangii • Malayalamകഞ്ചാവു kanchavuശണം sanam • Manipuriগন্জা ganja • Marathiभांग bhangaभृंगा bhrngaगांजा ganjaसन san • Nepaliभाङ् bhanचरेस charesगजीमा gajimaगांजा ganja • Odiaଭଙ୍ଗ bhangaଛଣପଟ chhanapataଗଞ୍ଜା ganjaମାତୁଳାନୀ matulaniସମ୍ବତ୍ sambatଶକ୍ର ତରୁ shakra taruଶଣ shanaତରିତା tarita • Paliभंग bhangसन san • Persianبنگ bangسبزه sabza • Punjabiਭਾਂਗ bhangਫੂਲ phul • Sanskritभङ्ग bhangaदीर्घपल्लव dirghapallavaगजाशन gajashanaगञ्ज ganjaइन्द्राशन indrashanaमादिनी madiniमाल्यपुष्प malyapuspaमातुली matuliसम्विद् samvidनिशावन nishavanaकटुतिक्तका katutiktakaवमन vamanaविजया vijayaशण shanaसुवर्चला suvarchala • Tamilகஞ்சா kancha • Teluguగంజాయి ganjayiభంగిఆకు bangiaakuజడగంజ jadaganjaకల్పం చెట్టు kalpam chettu • Tibetanསོ་མ་ར་ཛ so-ma-ra-dza • Tuluಭಂಗಿ bhangiಗಾಂಜಾ ganjaಕಲ್ಲಿ kalli • Urduبهانگ bhangبجيا bijayaماتلاني matulaniسن sanسدهي siddhi 
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Flora of Panipat- Cannabis sativa from fields/Wasteland Panipat:
Shot from a field in Panipat, wild, 18-6-11. A herb about 2-3 ft high

i used to live at Ambala in Haryana. there in front of my house was a waste area where a lot of cannabis was growing. some locals used to visit that place and collect the leaves to use them in there ‘evening snacks of pakoras’. they used to call it Shiv Booti (an obvious connection, no offences intended) and often restricted others especially kids to enter the area because of the presence of Shiv Bhakts (snakes)….


Yes .. it is a very common phenomenon in many parts of Haryana Western UP and Punjab


ganja in hindi i think



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Plant for ID 25/07/11 SMP1:
This plant was observed growing in a farm house premises.
I suspect it to be Cannabis sativa planted by the watchman residing there.
Please validate.
Height 20cm
Leaves tri and pentafoliate as seen in the picture.
Probably a fresh sapling…..


Definitely it is Cannabis sativa. Here in Delhi i have seen it growing wild, and no one needs to plant it.

As it grows wild at many places this may be the case too.
I have never spotted this in wild.
I was suspecting the prior theory because few years back one hospital servant had planted this in open campus area of one hospital. The ward boy was suspected to be addict to something but nobody was sure until one day one of the patient’s relative spotted the plant and alerted the doctor asking him who has planted it? he further asked him to keep watch and told him about the “danger”plant. Ultimately the wardboy was caught red handed one day and was discharged from his duties.
………………..My attempt to be in the storyteller group[?]


Story story:
there is actually a park called Ganja park in Kolkata…
ITS for real… wikimapia and even google has Maps showing its exact location…
when growing up we had to walk on the footpath along this park to get to Jadubabu bazzar for daily vegetables and fruits…
my parents used to send our nanny and/ or the driver to walk behind us,
so that we could walk “independently” yet be protected from the local inhabitants of this park: Ganja Park (Kolkata)  (( look up these urls: http://wikimapia.org/8005943/Ganja-Park and
http://maps.google.com/maps/place…)).

Now its all sanitized and old folks walk there and children are reported to play there…
not a single ganja leaf to be seen or had , as per the local authorities…

is this the same as Bang which we drink during Holi ?

yes sir, try your luck to confirm :))


Do we drink this? if so which part of the plant?

I do have something to share with; tribal people live near Eravikulam Nationa Park use to make dosa mixed with leaves of Canabis sativa (limited numbers) and once they have 3-4 such dosas they can easily climb steep hills as if they are walking on plain ground. One of my friend tried the same when he happened to hire some one from there for assistance and told me that it is true that you don’t feel tired while trekking!
I never tried this! Never got a chance to try!

Yes …., they do drink it.
If you remember the movie Silsila, it was the same thing Amitabh Bachhan was drinking :))



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Flora of Haryana: Cannabis sativa L. from Khubro Near Gannour Haryana:
Cannabis sativa L. from Khubro Near Gannour Haryana
Called as Bhang medium size shrub growing wild



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Flora of Chakrata: Cannabis sativa from Chakrata Budher Caves road:
Cannabis sativa from Chakrata Budher Caves road


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VoF Week: Cannabis sativa near Joshimath:
I think this herb is Cannabis sativa ( family:Cannabaceae).
Location: En-route Joshimath
Date/Time: 06-08-2012 / 11:00AM


Yes …


Hallucinating pics…



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VoF Week : MN19092012 Cannabis sativa:
Cannabis sativa
On the Ghangaria Govindghat trail
Habit : Slopes
Date : 16.08.2012


Canabis sativa, the bhang


Is it legal in India? Could anybody explain please. In many countries including Indonesia, it is illegal.


This is not cultivated. Its wild from the forest of Uttarakhand.



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Cannabis sativa flowering. : Attachments (3). 6 posts by 3 authors.

Cannabis sativa
Family Cannabaceae
I was observing this lone plant on my routine walks on Vetal Tekdi for several days.
Last week observed this flowering and confirmed the ID.
It is growing wild but may be an escape from some spurious sources.

Thanks … for these pics, do look for female flowers..


I think there were some globular things like ovaries adjacent to these flowers which may be representatives of female flowers not very prominent to come into good pictures…


Yes, they are visible, not directly in focus..sorry for misinterpretation..


Aren’t the plants of Cannabis sativa dioecious (male and female separate)? … is right I think, we have the male plant here. The globular things could be buds of the male flowers, if I am right.


Thanks for the comments. I am not sure whether the shown plant is C.sativa or C.indica
The plant C.sativa is diocious but some monocious cultivars have been developed. I had checked on the specimens but can’t comment clearly whether female flowers were present or not



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Cannabis sativa : For ID Confirmation : Way to Jim Corbett,Uttarakhand : 090614 : AK-24 : 6 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (3).
Pictures taken on 16/5/14. These wild plants were seen growing all over the roadside in many places.
Kindly confirm id.


Illegal cultivation is banned in West Bengal and there are frequent court cases on this plant and opium poppy.  I am the only person who is identitying these plants for police with a fees of 500 per specimen and issuing certificate of identification on behalf of Govt. of India.  I am also frequently getting summons from courts across west bengal as witness. Here I am getting smell of Ganja plant, CannabisRemember, its cultivation is banned under NDPS Act, 1985 as amended.


Thanks for confirming the id. As far as I can remember, this was a very common wild plant along the way, it seemed to grow all over the place.


In Eastern Uttar Pradesh it is grown in between crop beds as insecticide also.


Yes, I have seen it growing wild in North Bihar. Its cultivation along with opium poppy plant are banned in West Bengal as per NDPS Act 1985.



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Cannabis sativa L. from Assam :  2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (5).

Attached images are Cannabis sativa L.
Date :04.06.2014
Location: Assam
Family : Cannabaceae
Genus & species : Cannabis sativa L
Habitat: Grows wild
Habit :Herb



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via Species‎ > ‎C‎ > Cannabis sativa L. … family: Cannabaceae
Flowers of India Discussions at efloraofindia more views in flickr more views on Google Earth
KAN-na-bis — Greek kannabis (hemp) … Pronunciation of Plant Names • Wikitionary
sa-TEE-vuh — cultivated … Dave’s Botanary 
commonly known asgallow grassIndian hempmarijuanatrue hempweed • Assameseভাং bhangগঞ্জিকা gonjikaগাঁজা ganja • Bengaliগাঁজা ganja • Gujaratiભાંગ bhangગાંજા ganja • Hindiभांग bhangबिजया bijayaचरस charasगांझा ganjhaमातुलानी matulaniसन sanसिद्धि siddhi • Kannadaಭಂಗಿ bhangiಗಾಂಜಾ ಗಿಡ ganja gidaಕುಸುವು ಗಿಡ kusuvu gida • Kashmiriबंग banga • Konkaniभांगी bhaangii • Malayalamകഞ്ചാവു kanchavuശണം sanam • Manipuriগন্জা ganja • Marathiभांग bhangaभृंगा bhrngaगांजा ganjaसन san • Nepaliभाङ् bhanचरेस charesगजीमा gajimaगांजा ganja • Odiaଭଙ୍ଗ bhangaଛଣପଟ chhanapataଗଞ୍ଜା ganjaମାତୁଳାନୀ matulaniସମ୍ବତ୍ sambatଶକ୍ର ତରୁ shakra taruଶଣ shanaତରିତା tarita • Paliभंग bhangसन san • Persianبنگ bangسبزه sabza • Punjabiਭਾਂਗ bhangਫੂਲ phul • Sanskritभङ्ग bhangaदीर्घपल्लव dirghapallavaगजाशन gajashanaगञ्ज ganjaइन्द्राशन indrashanaमादिनी madiniमाल्यपुष्प malyapuspaमातुली matuliसम्विद् samvidनिशावन nishavanaकटुतिक्तका katutiktakaवमन vamanaविजया vijayaशण shanaसुवर्चला suvarchala • Tamilகஞ்சா kancha • Teluguగంజాయి ganjayiభంగిఆకు bangiaakuజడగంజ jadaganjaకల్పం చెట్టు kalpam chettu • Tibetanསོ་མ་ར་ཛ so-ma-ra-dza • Tuluಭಂಗಿ bhangiಗಾಂಜಾ ganjaಕಲ್ಲಿ kalli • Urduبهانگ bhangبجيا bijayaماتلاني matulaniسن sanسدهي siddhi 
botanical namesCannabis sativa L. … synonymsCannabis chinensis Delile • Cannabis indica Lam. • Cannabis generalis E.H.L.Krause • Cannabis ruderalis Janisch. … more status at The Plants List (2013). Version 1.1. 
August 4, 2012 … along Ghangaria – Govind Ghat trail 

Wonderful compilation. We also call it Siddhi in Bengali which is a must for starting a worship.


Thank you very much Tapas ji for this helpful information. I will add সিদ্ধি siddhi and ভঙ্গা bhang to Bengali names.


Bengali spelling for Siddhi is okay but for Bhang the same as in Assamese will apply.


KAN-na-bis — Greek kannabis (hemp) … Pronunciation of Plant Names • Wikitionary
sa-TEE-vuh — cultivated … Dave’s Botanary

commonly known as: gallow grass, Indian hemp, marijuana, true hemp, weed • Assamese: ভাং bhang, গঞ্জিকা gonjika, গাঁজা ganja • Bengali: ভাং bhang, গাঁজা ganja, সিদ্ধি siddhi • Gujarati: ભાંગ bhang, ગાંજા ganja • Hindi: भांग bhang, बिजया bijaya, चरस charas, गांझा ganjha, मातुलानी matulani, सन san, सिद्धि siddhi • Kannada: ಭಂಗಿ bhangi, ಗಾಂಜಾ ಗಿಡ ganja gida, ಕುಸುವು ಗಿಡ kusuvu gida • Kashmiri: बंग banga • Konkani: ಭಾಂಗಿ भांगी bhaangii • Malayalam: കഞ്ചാവു kanchavu, ശണം sanam • Manipuri: ꯒꯟꯖꯥ ganja • Marathi: भांग bhanga, भृंगा bhrnga, गांजा ganja, शण shan • Nepali: भाङ्ग bhaang, चरेस chares, गाँजा gaanjaa • Odia: ଭଙ୍ଗ bhanga, ଛଣପଟ chhanapata, ଗଞ୍ଜା ganja, ମାଦିନୀ madini, ମାତୁଳାନୀ matulani, ସମ୍ବତ୍ sambit, ଶକ୍ର ତରୁ shakra taru, ଶନ shana, ତରିତା tarita • Pali: भंग bhang, सण sana • Persian: بنگ bang, سبزه sabza • Punjabi: ਭਾਂਗ bhang • Rajasthani: भांग bhaang • Sanskrit: भङ्ग bhanga, दीर्घपल्लव dirghapallava, गजाशन gajashana, गञ्ज ganja, इन्द्राशन indrashana, मादिनी madini, माल्यपुष्प malyapuspa, मातुली matuli, सम्विद् samvid, निशावन nishavana, कटुतिक्तका katutiktaka, वमन vamana, विजया vijaya, शण shana, सुवर्चला suvarchala • Tamil: கஞ்சா kancha • Telugu: భంగిఆకు bangiaaku, గంజాయి ganjayi, జడగంజ jadaganja, కల్పం చెట్టు kalpam chettu • Tibetan: སོ་མ་ར་ཛ so-ma-ra-dza • Tulu: ಭಂಗಿ bhangi, ಗಾಂಜಾ ganja, ಕಲ್ಲಿ kalli • Urdu: بهانگ bhang, بجيا bijaya, ماتلاني matulani, سن san, سدهي siddhi

botanical namesCannabis sativa L. … synonymsCannabis chinensis Delile • Cannabis generalis E.H.L.Krause • Cannabis indica Lam. • Cannabis ruderalis Janisch. … and many more listed at POWO

Bibliography / etymology

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~
gallow grass, marijuana
soft hemp, true hemp, weed
Indian hemp
~~~~~ ASSAMESE ~~~~~
ভাং bhang, গঞ্জিকা gonjika, গাঁজা ganja
  • for cannabis … XOBDO – a descriptive multilingual dictionary by the people, for the people and of the people of north-east India … or ভাং গছ bhang gachaগাঞ্জা ganja
~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~
গাঁজা ganja
ভাং bhang, সিদ্ধি siddhi
  • Many thanks to Dr Tapas Chakrabarty for help with these names … efloraofindia
~~~~~ GUJARATI ~~~~~
ભાંગ bhang
ગાંજો ganjo
~~~~~ HINDI ~~~~~
भांग bhang, बिजया bijaya, गांझा ganjha, मातुलानी matulani, सन san, सिद्धि siddhi
चरस charas
  • for synonym Cannabis indica Lam. … Yogawiki
~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~
ಭಂಗಿ bhangi, ಗಾಂಜಾ ಗಿಡ ganja gida
ಭಂಗಿ bhangi, ಕುಸುವು ಗಿಡ kusuvu gida
~~~~~ KASHMIRI ~~~~~
बंग banga
~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~
ಭಾಂಗಿ भांगी bhaangii
~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~
കഞ്ചാവു kanchavu, ശണം sanam
~~~~~ MANIPURI ~~~~~
ꯒꯟꯖꯥ ganja
~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~
भांग bhanga, भृंगा bhrnga, गांजा ganja, शण shan
~~~~~ NEPALI ~~~~~
भाङ्ग bhaang, चरेस chares, गाँजा gaanjaa
  • Many thanks to Saroj Kumar Kasaju for help with these names … efloraofindia … or भाङ्गो bhaango
~~~~~ ODIA ~~~~~
ଭଙ୍ଗ bhanga, ଛଣପଟ chhanapata, ଗଞ୍ଜା ganja, ମାଦିନୀ madini, ମାତୁଳାନୀ matulani, ସମ୍ବତ୍ sambit, ଶକ୍ର ତରୁ shakra taru, ଶନ shana, ତରିତା tarita
~~~~~ PALI ~~~~~
भंग bhang, सण sana
~~~~~ PERSIAN ~~~~~
بنگ bang, سبزه sabza
~~~~~ PUNJABI ~~~~~
ਭਾਂਗ bhang
~~~~~ RAJASTHANI ~~~~~
भांग bhaang
~~~~~ SANSKRIT ~~~~~
भङ्ग bhanga, गजाशन gajashana, गञ्ज ganja, इन्द्राशन indrashana, मादिनी madini, मातुली matuli, सम्विद् samvid, निशावन nishavana, कटुतिक्तका katutiktaka, वमन vamana, विजया vijaya, सुवर्चला suvarchala
  • for synonym Cannabis indica Lam. … Yogawiki
दीर्घपल्लव dirghapallava, माल्यपुष्प malyapuspa, शण shana
~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~
கஞ்சா kancha
  • for synonym Cannabis indica Lam. … Tamil lexicon [Madras], University of Madras
~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~
భంగిఆకు bangiaaku, గంజాయి ganjayi, జడగంజ jadaganja, కల్పం చెట్టు kalpam chettu
~~~~~ TIBETAN ~~~~~
སོ་མ་ར་ཛ so-ma-ra-dza
~~~~~ TULU ~~~~~
ಭಂಗಿ bhangi
ಗಾಂಜಾ ganja
ಕಲ್ಲಿ kalli
~~~~~ URDU ~~~~~
بهانگ bhang, بجيا bijaya, ماتلاني matulani, سن san, سدهي siddhi
~~~~~ x ~~~~~


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SK842 31 OCT-2017:ID : 6 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (7)
Location:  Golfutar, Kathmandu, Nepal
Date: 2 September 2017
Elevation : 4400 ft.
Cannabis sativa L.   ???

I have seen Ganja plant growing wild in North Bihar adjacent to sub-Himalayan tracts.

Is the ID correct?


Yes, I also think appear close to images at Cannabis sativa


Thank you …! Nepali Names : भाङ्ग Bhaang / भाङ्गो Bhaango / गाँजा Gaanjaa / चरेस Chares



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Requested to please ID this plant seen at Ghangaria, Uttarakhand in Aug 2018.

Please check Cannabis sativa (Solanaceae).


Thanks again … for the ID.


.


Cannabis sativa L. : 5 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (3)-1, 2 & 3 mb.
Location: Chobhar, Kathmandu
Date: 06 September 2019
Elevation: 1401 m.
Habit : Wild 

Attachments (1)- 2 mb.


Attachments (1)- 7 mb.

This is an invasive in plains of Bihar, in Rabi season.
I think flowers are male ? 


Thank you. I have no idea about flower nature!


Location: Pharping, Kathmandu, Nepal
Altitude: 1690 m.
Date: 14 September 2019
Habit : Cultivated ??
Attachments (3)

Male flowers



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Subspecies of Cannabis sativa : 2 posts by 2 authors.
Catalogue of life gives three subspecies:
Cannabis sativa subsp. indica (Lam.) E. Small & A. Cronquist  (Pakistan, Afghanistan (Badakshan, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost), India, Nepal, South America (I), trop. Africa (I), Guinea (I), Hawaii (I) (Kauai (I), Oahu (I), Molokai (I), Lanai (I), Maui (I), Kahoolawe Isl. (I), Hawaii Isl. (I)), Lebanon (c), Morocco (c), South Africa (I) )
Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa (Mostly shown as cultivated- Bhutan (c), Sikkim (c), India (c), Spain (c), Portugal (c), France (c), Corsica (c), Sicily (c), Italy (c), former Yugoslavia (c), Serbia & Kosovo (c), Macedonia (c), Slovenia (I), Croatia (I), Montenegro (c), Bosnia & Hercegovina (c), Slovakia (c), Bulgaria (c), Crimea (c), China (c), European Russia (c), Belarus (c), Estonia (c), Caucasus (c), Georgia [Caucasus] (c), Siberia (c), Russian Far East (c), Kazakhstan (c), Turkmenistan (c), Kyrgyzstan (c), Mongolia (c), Uzbekistan (c), Latvia (c), Lithuania (c), Costa Rica (c), Panama (c), Australia (c) (South Australia (c), Queensland (c), New South Wales (c)), Taiwan (c), Ryukyu Isl. (c), Korea (c), Java (c), Malesia (c), Thailand (c), Myanmar [Burma] (c), Philippines (c), Bangladesh (c), Algeria (c), Morocco (c), Peru (c), Jamaica (c), Haiti (c), Dominican Republic (c), Lesser Antilles (c), Nicaragua (c), Trinidad (c), Tobago (c), Puerto Rico (c), Mexico (c), Honduras (c), Costa Rica (c), Panama (c), Colombia (c), Bolivia (c), South Africa (c), Lesotho (c), Seychelles (c), Central African Republic (c), trop. Africa (c), Angola (c), Sao Tome (c), Bioko Isl. (Fernando Poo) (c), Benin (c), Chad (c), South Sudan (c), Mozambique (c), Zambia (c), Cameroon (c), Botswana (c), Fiji (c), Mauritius (c), La Runion (c), Turkey (Inner Anatolia), European Turkey, Greece (incl. Kiklades), Czech Republic (c), East Aegaean Isl., Rhodos, Iran (E-Iran, N-Iran, W-Iran), Yemen (c), Pakistan (c), Talysh, Andamans (c), Nicobars (c), Vietnam (c), Nepal (c), USA (c) (Alabama (c), Arkansas (c), Arizona (c), California (c), Colorado (c), Connecticut (c), District of Columbia (c), Delaware (c), Florida (c), Georgia (c), Iowa (c), Idaho (c), Illinois (c), Indiana (c), Kansas (c), Kentucky (c), Louisiana (c), Massachusetts (c), Maryland (c), Maine (c), Michigan (c), Minnesota (c), Missouri (c), Mississippi (c), Montana (c), North Carolina (c), North Dakota (c), Nebraska (c), New Hampshire (c), New Jersey (c), New Mexico (c), New York (c), Ohio (c), Oklahoma (c), Oregon (c), Pennsylvania (c), Rhode Island (c), South Carolina (c), South Dakota (c), Tennessee (c), Texas (c), Utah (c), Virginia (c), Vermont (c), Washington State (c), Wisconsin (c), West Virginia (c), Wyoming (c)), Canada (c) (Manitoba (c), New Brunswick (c), Nova Scotia (c), Ontario (c), Quebec (c), Saskatchewan (c)), Chatham Isl. (I))
Cannabis sativa var. ruderalis (Janisch.) S. Z. Liou  (C-Europe (I), E-Europe, Czech Republic, Slovakia, European Russia, Northern Caucasus, Armenia, Georgia [Caucasus], Siberia (W-Siberia, C-Siberia), Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, USA (I) (Illinois (I), Massachusetts (I), Missouri (I), Wisconsin (I)), South Africa (I) )
Within Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa, the wild phase has been named C . sativa var. spontanea Vavilov (= C . ruderalis Janishevsky), in contrast to the domesticated C . sativa var. sativa . Within C . sativa subsp. indica , the wild phase (not to be expected in North America) has been designated C . sativa var. kafiristanica (Vavilov) E. Small & Cronquist, as distinct from the domesticated C . sativa var. indica . The chemical and morphologic distinctions by which Cannabis has been split into taxa are often not readily discernible, appear to be environmentally modifiable, and vary in a continuous fashion. For most purposes it will suffice to apply the name Cannabis sativa to all plants encountered in North America.
As most of our postings in efi site are of wild plant, it is better we take it as Cannabis sativa subsp. indica (Lam.) E. Small & A. Cronquist  with its synonyms and distribution.

Exahustive !
Only this much I knew that cultivated Cannabis differs from wild populations.
Thank you for the concise yet all-inclusive update. 



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