Lycianthes

Keys in Flora of Bhutan:
I. Procumbent creeping herb with ascending branches 3. L. lysimachioides
+ Small shrub . . . . . . .. 2
2. Calyx teeth 5-7, linear-triangular, c 2mm  . . . . . .. 1. L. crassipetalum
+ Calyx teeth 10, subulate. 3.5-6mm (if teeth 10 and only 1.5-2mm, cf. L. biflora) . . ..  2. L. macrodon
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Keys available in Flora of China

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Lycianthes biflora (Loureiro) Bitter (China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, S-Sichuan, Yunnan), Taiwan, India, Indonesia, Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Ryukyu Isl., New Guinea, Philippines (Batanes, Luzon, Catanduanes, Mindanao), Palawan, Java, Christmas Isl. (Australia), peninsular Malaysia (Kelantan, Pahang, Selangor), Andamans (South Andamans), Myanmar [Burma] (Taninthayi), Nepal, Laos as per Catalogue of Life)

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Lycianthes crassipetala (Wall.) R.R.Mill (Nepal, Bhutan, Darjeeling, Sikkim, India as per Catalogue of Life)
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Lycianthes denticulata (Blume) Bitter (Java, Vietnam, India, Malaysia as per Catalogue of Life)

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Lycianthes laevis (Dunal) Bitter (China (Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan), Indonesia, Java, India, peninsular Malaysia, Laos as per Catalogue of Life)
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Lycianthes lysimachioides (Wall.) Bitter (China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan), Taiwan, India, Java, Indonesia, Nepal, Darjeeling, Sikkim, Vietnam as per Catalogue of Life)
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Lycianthes macrodon (Wall. ex Nees) Bitter (China (Yunnan), Vietnam, Taiwan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Thailand, Darjeeling, Sikkim as per Catalogue of Life)
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Lycianthes neesiana (Wall. ex Nees) D’ Arcy & Z.Y.Zhang (China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Yunnan), India, Indonesia, Thailand as per Catalogue of Life)

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BSI Flora of India Checklist Vol. 2 (1993) (Distribution):

Name Distribution
Lycianthes biflora Meghalaya
Lycianthes bigeminata ssp. bigeminata Hepper in Dassan forma bigeminata
(Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Tamil Nadu)
ssp. kaitisis (Dunal) Bitter (West Bengal) (syn. of Lycianthes laevis subsp. kaitisis (Dunal) Deb as per POWO)
forma kaitisis (Karnataka, Tamil Nadu)
forma gouakai (Dunal) Bitter (Karnataka, Tamil Nadu)
Lycianthes crassipetala Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram
Lycianthes laevis Mizoram
Lycianthes lysimachioides Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland
Lycianthes macrodon Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Sikkim, Tripura
Lycianthes neesiana Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttarakhand
Lycianthes rantonnetii Cultivated species

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Flora of Peninsular India:
Lycianthes bigeminata
Lycianthes laevis
Lycianthes laevis subsp. kaitisis

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Species with description & keys from Flora of Pakistan (Distribution):
Lycianthes rantonnei (Carr.) Bitt. (A native of Argentine)

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Species with distribution in annotated checklist of Flowering plants of Nepal (Distribution):
Lycianthes biflora (Lour.) Bitter
Lycianthes biflora subsp. biflora (Lour.) Bitter (Himalaya (Nepal to Bhutan), Naga Hills, S. China, Indo-China, Malaya, Taiwan, Japan, Hawaii)
Lycianthes biflora subsp. lysimachioides (Lour.) Bitter (2400 m; Himalaya (Kumaun to Bhutan), S. Tibet, Naga Hills, S. China, Malaya) (syn. of Lycianthes lysimachioides (Wall.) Bitter as per POWO)
Lycianthes biflora subsp. macrodon (Lour.) Bitter (Himalaya (Nepal to Bhutan), Khasia, Assam) (syn. of Lycianthes macrodon (Wall. ex Nees) Bitter as per POWO)
Lycianthes laevis subsp. crassipetala (Dunal) Bitter (450-1800 m; Himalaya (Nepal to Bhutan), Assam)

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Some species found in Indian Subcontinent with description & keys from Flora of China (Distribution):
Lycianthes biflora (Loureiro) Bitter (China [India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand])
Lycianthes laevis (Dunal) Bitter (Forests, stream sides, wet places; 700-1000 m. Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [Indonesia])
Lycianthes lysimachioides (Wallich) Bitter (Throughout China [India, Indonesia, Nepal])
Lycianthes macrodon (Wallich ex Nees) Bitter (Near ditches, wet places at edges of forests; 1500-2300 m. Taiwan, Yunnan [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Thailand])
Lycianthes neesiana (Wallich ex Nees) D’Arcy & Z. Y. Zhang (Near roads or rivers, dense forests in valleys; 200-1600 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Yunnan [India, Indonesia, Thailand])

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