Sterculia urens Roxb., Pl. Coromandel 1:25, t. 24. 1795;
.
ka-VAL-um — from the Tamil name காவலம் kavalam for some of the species of *Sterculia*
UR-ens — stinging
.
commonly known as: bassora tragacanth, ghost tree, Indian tragacanth, karaya tree • *Assamese*: odla • *Gujarati*: કડાયો kadaayo, કોગડોલ kogdol • *Hindi*: गुलु gulu, कराया karaya, कतीरा katira, कुलु kulu • *Kannada*: kempudale, pinari • *Konkani*: पांडरूख pandrukh • *Malayalam*: അണ്ണാന്‍വഴുക്കി annaanvazhukki, തീത്തൊണ്ടി thiiththonti, തൊണ്ടി thonti • * Marathi*: कांडोळ kandol, कावळी kawali • *Oriya*: gudalo • *Rajasthani*: katila • *Tamil*: குதிரைப்பிடுக்கன் kutiraippitukkan, செந்தணக்கு centanakku, வெல்லை பூத்தாளி vellai-puthali • *Telugu*: తపసి ట్టు tapasi chettu
.
Native of: India
.


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Fruits and flowers of Kullu tree : Attachments (1).  4 posts by 4 authors.
This is an old photograph but shows the flowers and fruits of Sterculia urens



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Leaves of Sterculia urens :  Attachments (1). 2 posts by 2 authors.
Photographed in Bandhavgarh Ntl Park.

Yes …
The typical lobed leaves of Sterculia urens. When the tree is in flowering /fruiting stage no leaves are seen.
Same is the case with another tree which has similar leaves Cochlospermum religiosum which in flowering stage doesn’t show any leaves.


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Malvaceae Fortnight :: Sterculia urens:: Alibag :: PKAJUL46: : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (5)
Flowers & fruits of “Sterculia urens” (Family: Sterculiaceae) at Sagargad near Alibag (10-01-2010).



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New leaves of “Sterculia urensat Karnala bird sanctuary near Panvel.
Date/Time: 23-05-2010 / 09:30AM
Family: Sterculiaceae


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Sharing few close ups of the flowers of “Sterculia urens“.
Family: Sterculiaceae
Location: Matheran-Prabalgad Valley, Panvel region, Maharashtra.
Date/Time: 05-02-2012 / 03:00PM.
Habitat: Wild
Plant habit: Tree.


Superb !!



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Malvaceae fortnight ::Sterculia urens: Pune:: SMP22 : 2 posts by 2 authors. 3 images.
Sterculia urens
Pune and some other places

Excellent collection …, every picture enjoyable..thanks for sharing !!



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Malvaceae Fortnight :: My Last Post of Malvaceae- Sterculia urens ::Panvel region :: PKAJUL108:: : 3 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (1)
Malvaceae Fortnight has helped me digging out my own Malvaceae collection. Thanks to everyone..
This photograph is of Sterculia urens from Panvel region..
The hill behind the tree is Chanderi Fort.

Marvellous!!! Also for closing at 108.


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Sterculia urens – Kullu tree- Flora of Madhya Pradesh:
Sharing this stunningly beautiful tree from Jungle of Betul, MP. It is known as Kullu tree or gum karaya tree.
Botanical name- Sterculia urens , Family- Sterculiaceae
Tree Height- abt 50 feet
Bark- White with reddish papery peel.
Leaves- Five lobed.


Sterculia urens
Yes the ghost tree.
We also have it in Western ghats.


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Sterculia urens in Bloom:
A beautiful sight of Sterculia urens in bloom at Nagpuri hills, Arsikere, KA .



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Kavalama urens (Sterculia urens)
Malvaceae family
Barvi Forest (Badlapaur), Maharashtra
Dec`12
Habit & Habitat : Large deciduous tree , occasionally on deciduous forested hills and slopes. Tiny flowers of this huge tree have started appearing now, perhaps first sighting of the season being reported on the efI group. The tree is commonly known as Kullu (in Hindi), Kandol (in Marathi) and Indian Ghost Tree (in English)


Very nice clear pictures. You got the flowers completely green!.
Often we observe it with reddish colour.



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Sterculia urens:
The fruits of Sterculia urens have been posted many times on our group. Today whilst going through the book ‘Trees of  Mumbai’ for some other reference I found it mentioned that the roasted seeds of the fruits are eaten by humans !! Birds also eat their fleshy sweetish covering or aril !! The leaves form nutritious fodder. The bark is used for cordage. The pictures are taken early this month at the south end of the national park in Mumbai.


–  If I recollect correctly the tribals put these fruits on ground, cover with something and rub with there feet on it to avoid the bristles/ hair on the fruit. The fruits taste like almonds. I had once an apportunity to taste them in jungle’ It is not a very big seed.



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sterculia urens:
at my place place, alibaug 


– I recently found out that the accepted name for the same is now Kavalama urens (Roxb.) Raf. syn. is Sterculia urens Roxb  and shifted from Sterculiaceae family to Malvaceae family as per Kew plant list. We all need to note the change.



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Malvaceae week Sterculia urens:
Sterculia urens

photographed in march


added a photograph of fresh foliage
taken in mid june, soon after monsoons


I think the picture of leaves are taken sometime during the monsoon. Because there wont be any leaf on the plant during March!
It is difficult to climb the tree!


… talking about fresh foliage, some of the saplings have their leaf surface as large as 2 – 3 ft long and wide … there is one post from .. showing it … efi thread
AND, those springing from cut stumps are extra velvety … … has shown it at efi thread
Here is one from my photostream:
[image: Thiiththonti (Malayalam: തീത്തൊണ്ടി)]<>…
May 25, 2008 at Vaghbil, Thane, Maharashtra.



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Malvaceae week : Sterculia urens:
Malvaceae week : Sterculia urens
Another Sterculiaceae member now under Malvaceae.
Pune



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ka-VAL-um — from the Tamil name காவலம் kavalam for some of the species of Sterculia
UR-ens — stinging
[image: Kawali (Marathi: कावळी)]<>
Feb 2, 2008 at Tungareshwar Wildlife Sanctuary
commonly known as: bassora tragacanth, ghost tree, Indian tragacanth, karaya tree • *Assamese*: odla • *Gujarati*: કડાયો kadaayo, કોગડોલ kogdol • *Hindi*: गुलु gulu, कराया karaya, कतीरा katira, कुलु kulu • *Kannada*:
kempudale, pinari • *Konkani*: पांडरूख pandrukh • *Malayalam*: അണ്ണാന്‍വഴുക്കി annaanvazhukki, തീത്തൊണ്ടി thiiththonti, തൊണ്ടി thonti • * Marathi*: कांडोळ kandol, कावळी kawali • *Oriya*: gudalo • *Rajasthani*: katila • *Tamil*: குதிரைப்பிடுக்கன் kutiraippitukkan, செந்தணக்கு centanakku, வெல்லை பூத்தாளி vellai-puthali • *Telugu*: తపసి ట్టు tapasi chettu
Native of: India 
   – [image: Kadaayo (Gujarati: કડાયો)]<>…
Aug 25, 2010 at Yeoor Hills (part of Sanjay Gandhi National Park)
– [image: Katira (Hindi: कतीरा)]<>…
Dec 5, 2010 at Yeoor Hills (part of Sanjay Gandhi National Park)
– [image: Tapasi Chettu (Telugu: తపసి ట్టు)]<>…
Feb 2, 2008 at at Tungareshwar Wildlife Sanctuary
– … more views:

very strange… Adansons’ earlier name Cavalam is rejected and Rafin. later name Kavalama is accepted… Cavalam Adanson, Fam. 2: 357. Jul-Aug 1763.
Sterculia Linnaeus 1753
PHAN.-STERCULIACEAE (10) 9 Feb 1996
 

Kavalama Rafinesque, Sylva Tell. 72. Oct-Dec 1838.
T.: K. urens (Roxburgh) Rafinesque (Sterculia urens Roxburgh)
PHAN.-STERCULIACEAE (10) 9 Feb 1996
if Sterculia urens is changed to Kavalama urens …. why Sterculia vilosa is accepted?????????

Obviously both can’t be accepted names. Depends on what you follow.

If we follow GRIN Sterculia urens is correct name and Cavalama urens (Roxb.) Raf. a synonym
If we follow The Plant List Cavalama urens (Roxb.) Raf. is correct name and Sterculia urens the synonym (rather basionym)
regarding Cavalam Adans. I managed to download a paper but was not able to unzip it. If any member has software to unzip it please send me the unzipped file. I am sending zipped file.

… here is the extracted text file (attached) … but the line-breaks are weird, please bear.


Thanks … for pointing out my having replaced with K
Agreed nomenclature is always tricky but we try to follow whatever is latest. Ideal situation would be when we have a name agreed upon by GRIN, The Plant List and where applicable Sorting Plant names. In those cases
where we find that there is no agreement in these databases, we try to find out what is the latest status check in GRIN, as we know The Plant List was published in 2010. In this case Sterculia urens was last updated by GRIN in
2006., so was Sorting Plant Names.
The Plant List was published in 2010, and would soon be revised. Agreed it has many shortcoming as of now, but we can follow it for taxa where these is no confusion. For taxa where there is some confusion, we discuss it in the group and then agree what mosty of us think correct. Luckily our group is not fixed with any school of taxonomy, and as such most decisions are as per consensus. As an example Bombax ceiba is accepted name for Salmalia malabarica or Bombax malabaricum, agreed upon by all recent databases and publications, so we have to accept it as correct name although we may individually think differently. Similarly we may think our plant to be
Nerium indicum as distinct species, but all recent databases and publications treat it as synonym of Nerium oleander L., and we have to follow it.

The strength of our group is that we discuss all views but at the same time maintaining high level of cordiality. All of us give our opinion and not our decisions, and that keeps maintained the high level of interactions
in the group. Fortunately all of us finally agree what most of think correct.
All of us have been impressed by your great knowledge of the plants, especially from South-West India, and we have been greatly benefitted by your knowledge. My only request to you is that when you write anything that differs from previous persons in the thread, please back this up with some evidence. This will greatly increase our knowledge.

I had similar queries about nomencalature.
According to The plant list Kavalama urens is accepted name and Sterculia urens is synonym whereas in GRIN Sterculia urens is main name and Kavalama is not mentioned at all. Am I right? 


I think I tried to explain that in my earlier mail: ” In those cases where we find that there is no agreement in these databases, we try to find out what is the latest status check in GRIN, as we know The Plant List was published in 2010. In this case Sterculia urens was last updated by GRIN in 2006., so was Sorting Plant Names”



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Plant for ID 2 SMP 9Jul 2010:
Some leaves were emerging from the cut stalk of the big tree on Mhatoba Tekdi near the temple.
The leaf is lobed.
Huge Size Max diameter around 3 feet (can be judged from the palm of the person holding it)
What tree can this be? Sterculia urens?The stalk was pale yellow coloured.

… me too think so … Sterculia urens.


The shape direct me to Sterculia urens indeed !!


Could it be S. villosa ?


Sterculia urens.



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Sterculia urens – Indian Ghost Tree:
May be a very common sighting in peninsular India but point to observe
is that most of these trees at Matheran have started getting new leaves, observed them on 25th may`12.

Beautiful composition ..proper angles and lighting.; Good depiction of trunk colour.


lonesome tree, as if they prefer solitude. Stands out in the stark scene.


.

Trees in flowering : update: (14.12.12):
After a long gap of 3 years I visited Sanjay Gandhi National Park (Mumbai) for leading a group of 7th grade students. While addressing them about the flora and fauna of the park, I observed Kavalama urens (Sterculia urens), at Kanheri caves, in full bloom. 2 weeks back I observed that they had started flowering but today it was in full bloom. Besides this the Red Silk Cotton Tree (Bombax ceiba) also had its first flowering on one of the tree at Silonda (considered in core area of the park).



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Sterculia urens:
Flowers of Sterculia urens
Local marathi name;Kahandol
Today (15.12.12) at Siddheshwar,Alibag



Yes … earlier known as Sterculia urens.



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Sterculia urens @ Matheran-Prabal Valley:
Sharing few close ups of the flowers of “Sterculia urens“.
Family: Sterculiaceae
Location: Matheran-Prabalgad Valley, Panvel region, Maharashtra.
Date/Time: 05-02-2012 / 03:00PM.
Habitat: Wild
Plant habit: Tree.

Very beautiful close-up


Did you also observed fruiting in S. urens at Matheran…. these trees are in fruiting from mid of January.



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11092017BHAR1 – Big leaves : 8 posts by 5 authors. Attachments (3) – 1 MB or more.
Found in Auroville Botanical Garden.

Schefflera species?


Pl check for Gyrocarpus americanus.


I think Sterculia urens.


Thanks, …  I think you are right.


Please check for Sterculia urens.


Thanks, …, for the Id.
To me also matches with images at Sterculia urens


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Kindly examine and identify this Tree. 

Habit: A medium sized tree. 

Habitat: Wild,Dry deciduous forest 

Sighting: Near Tumkur,Karnataka,about 800 msl 

Date: 10-07-2016


This must be ghost tree – Sterculia urens.


Yes … Sterculia urens. Thanks again. Ref; /species/m—z/m/malvaceae/sterculia/sterculia-urens


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 Images by Mohina macker & Dr.Satish Phadke (Inserted by Bhagyashri Ranade)

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 Image by tspkumar

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NDA campus, Pune in March 2006; at Alibag on 12/12/08; at Gorakhgad near Murbad on 25.01.09; at Sagargad near Alibag (10-01-2010); at the south end of the national park in Mumbai- Jan’10?; in Goa Trek- Jan’10?; 25/12/2009; 11.30 am- Goa; Dhoni forest, Palakkad, Kerala, Western ghat: 07 Dec 2009; Glr forests; on Mhatoba Tekdi near the temple;

identify this tree please – efloraofindia | Google Groups
New leaves of Sterculia urens.. – efloraofindia | Google Groups
3 pictures for you – efloraofindia | Google Groups
Please help for identification – tree from Arunachal Pradesh – efloraofindia | Google Groups
Elephant rope tree – Sterculia Villosa – efloraofindia | Google Groups
Sterculia urens-120110-PKA1 – efloraofindia | Google Groups
The Ghost Tree – efloraofindia | Google Groups
Leaves of Sterculia urens – indiantreepix | Google Groups
Sterculia Urens November foliage. – indiantreepix | Google Groups
Tree for Id 260909Jm2 – indiantreepix | Google Groups
Ghost Tree (Sterculia urens) Flowering – indiantreepix | Google Groups
Plant for ID 2 SMP 9Jul 2010 – efloraofindia | Google Groups
ID 280210 – efloraofindia | Google Groups
ID 5210 1 – efloraofindia | Google Groups
Sterculia urens velvety fruits – efloraofindia | Google Groups
ID please – indiantreepix | Google Groups
Identify this tree please… – indiantreepix | Google Groups
Roots & Flower – indiantreepix | Google Groups


.


Asteraceae Week (Part I – Radiate heads) :: Asteraceae Unid at Mizoram :: PKA69: 4 images.
Tree was observed near Belgaum, Karnataka in June first week 2021.
Is it Sterculia Urens?  Kindly confirm id.

Tree Height -35 feet
Habit-Wild
Bark- white and peeling
No fruits or flowers were observed.

Yes, it’s ma’am, You’re right,


.


Sterculia urens on trek to Matheran: 14 images- 1 high res.
On trek to Matheran (around 2500 ft.) from foothills, Maharashtra on 4.2.23.
Seen only at lower elevations at around 400 ft.


.


Sterculia urens Roxb. :: Waghbil, Thane, Maharashtra :: May 25, 2008 · JUN23 DV176:

Sterculia urens Roxb.
Waghbil, Thane, Maharashtra :: May 25, 2008 · 1:10 PM IST :: about 3 m (10 ft) asl
Many thanks to Radha Veach for validating the ID at iNaturalist.

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499 ID wild tree: 12 high res. images.
Please ID wild tree,
Location: bloomed near Nadukani Hills Kothamangalam Ernakulam Kerala INDIA
Altitude: 1400fsl
Flower date: 18JUL2023, 02.30pm
Habitat: wild moisture rock outcrop misty sloppy grassland windy alpine 
Plant habit: tree, erect, branches, branchlets hard cylindrical woody stem 50 inches base circumference, nice brownish outer bark sheds frequently 
Height: 06 meters
Leaves: terminally whorled/spirally, lobate acute simple flexible, size upto: 35×25cm
Flower: axillary panicle inflorescence, clustered, diameter:06mm, greenish yellow, good fragrant
Fruit: 
Seed: 
Camera: CANON EOS1500D +FL10x


Sterculia urens Roxb. [Malvaceae].
It seems a few stray flowers had lingered late into July. Usually, this tree tends to bloom vigorously when leafless.

Yes, it is Sterculia urens.
Again, yes it is correct, as you said, one, only one inflorescence is left for me.

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Malvaceae: Sterculia urens Roxb.: 2 high res. images.
location/date: (1: fruits) Ajanta, Aurangabad Distr., Maharashtra, January 2018; (2) Barha, Jabalpur Distr., Madhya Pradesh, October 1994


 

 


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References:
GRIN   Dinesh Valke’s Flickr Post  Flowers of India  Forest Flora of AP  World Agroforestry Centre  Agro forestry Database.pdf  The Plant List Ver.1.1 (Sterculia urens Roxb. is a synonym of Firmiana simplex (L.) W.Wight