tree-um-FET-a — named for Giovanni Battista Triumfetti, professor of botany … Dave’s Botanary
AN-yoo-uh — annual … Dave’s Botanary 
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commonly known asannual triumfettaorange burr-bush 
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The species is distinct from others in its orange flowers and glabrous uncinate spines on the fruit. Annual herb up to 1 m tall, stem purplish on one side with line of hairs; leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 3-5-veined from base, stipules linear, hirsute; cymes leaf-opposed, usually 3-flowered; flowers orange, 8 mm across, petals slightly smaller than sepals; stamens 10; capsule globose 9-11 mm in diam including spines which are 4-5 mm long glabrous and with hooked tips.
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2 (1) Capsule spines glabrous or hairy at base only; leaf blade hairs mostly unbranched, occasionally few-rayed on main veins; flower bud nearly glabrous. T. annua
+ Capsule spines uniformly hairy; leaf blade hairs mostly obviously stellate, abaxially tomentose; flower bud obviously hairy T. pilosa
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As per efi link :
If fruit are about 2 or more cm in diameter then it points out towards Triumfetta pilosa Roth
If the fruit are smaller about 1 cm or so then it can be Triumfetta annua.
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Kalatope id Al021111:
A small flower by the roadside
Location Kalatope, Chamba
Altitude 1400 mts
Habit Herb
Habitat wild/roadside
Height 18 inches
Season September-October

… looks like Triumfetta rhomboidea


The longer than usual flexi-spines on the fruit make me think of Triumfetta annua.
Let us wait for validating comment(s). … thought could be correct.


I feel it is not T. rhomboidea


yes, even i guess T. annua L.


I think yes, unlobed leaves, long pedicellate flower (3-6 mm as against only 1 mm in T. rhomboidea) and long spines on fruit with hooked tips all point to T. annua.
In fact fruit is so distinct that for a while I thought of Agrimonia, with which fruit resembles a lot.



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Triumfetta sp. from Meghalaya KD 02 Dec : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (6)

Attached images are Triumfetta sp Please ID the plant
Date :27.10.2014
Location: Meghalaya
Family : Malvaceae
Genus & species : Triumfetta sp.
Habitat: Grows wild on roadside
Habit :Herb

Triumfetta annua, I think.


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Malvaceae (inc. Tiliaceae) Fortnight: Malvaceae Triumfetta annua L. from Meghalaya – KD 04 July2015 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (3)
Attached images are Triumfetta annua L. from Meghalaya


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Triumfetta annua ABOCT2016/04 : 1 post by 1 author. 5 images.
I had found this one in an untidy underbush near Mcleodganj. Had I not stopped looking for something else, I would have missed it entirely. The burrs with hooked spikes and leaves suggest Triumfetta annua. I think I will have to wait till the next season for flowers. Can we identify it correctly without flowers? Please advise
Triumfetta annuaOrange Burr-bush 

Above Mcleodganj, Dharamshala, HP 1800m approx. 30 September 2016


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Triumfetta ¿ annua ? … Malvaceae ~ Tiliaceae
Dear friends, please validate the species to be T. annua.

Date & time: 02 OCT 2016
Date & time: along Khopoli Mangaon Road
Habit: erect herb with slender stem, about 60 – 70 cm high, petals about 4 mm, shorter than sepals


Yes, it looks like Triumfetta annua


Many thanks … for your thoughts.
There was no fruiting at this time. 
But I am quite sure this plant is T. annua.
Since last 3 – 4 years, I have been seeing T. annua in fruiting and always missed flowering. The plant habit has kind of etched in my mind. It is different than the other two (rhomboidea and pentandra) … internode distance is comparatively more than in the other two species, the stem is slender as if reminding of a creeper, the leaves all along are almost of same shape, and not lobed, the upper leaves are quite large compared to the other two.


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via Species‎ > ‎T‎ > Triumfetta annua L. … family: Malvaceae ~ Tiliaceae
Flowers of India Discussions at efloraofindia more views in flickr more views on Google Earth
tree-um-FET-a — named for Giovanni Battista Triumfetti, professor of botany … Dave’s Botanary
AN-yoo-uh — annual … Dave’s Botanary 
commonly known asannual triumfettaorange burr-bush 
botanical namesTriumfetta annua L. … synonyms: … status at The Plants List (2013). Version 1.1. 
October 15, 2016 … Yeoor Hills (part of Sanjay Gandhi National Park) 


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From kanakeshwar– Sept’09?; ID290909phk3 – indiantreepix | Google Groups

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Plz id this herb: pa21 – 1nov2012:
Plz id this herb with small yellow flowers from Yeoor. The plant is around 3 – 4 foot height but maybe more also.


This seems to be Triumfetta species from Tiliaceae…..may be pilosa check it at once.


Affirmative. This is Triumfetta pilosa. My photographs of this are available at this link


I think more closer to images at Triumfetta annua L.


To me too, T. annua.



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Triumfetta pilosa Roth ?? : 9 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (7)

Location: Pashupati, Kathmndu, Nepal
Altitude:4400 ft.
Date: 16 October 2016

Are the spines on the fruits glabrous?


Yes, I guess glabrous!


I think following keys at leads me to BSI Flora of India with details & keys (Volume 3- 1993)
Spines does not seem to be glabrous as suggested by …

After going through the following keys, I now feel this to be T. annua :
2 (1) Capsule spines glabrous or hairy at base only; leaf blade hairs mostly unbranched, occasionally few-rayed on main veins; flower bud nearly glabrous. T. annua
+ Capsule spines uniformly hairy; leaf blade hairs mostly obviously stellate, abaxially tomentose; flower bud obviously hairy T. pilosa

I agree with you; it is T.annua


Thank you … Triumfetta annua L.



-It is not a climber. It is species of Triumfetta. May be T.pilosa.


Appears close to images at Triumfetta annua L.


T. annua to me too.


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SK 2768 03 October 2020 : 9 posts by 2 authors. 8 images- 4 to 7 mb each.
Location: Sankhu, Nepal

Date: 12 September 2020
Elevation: 1780 m.
Habit: Wild
Could not decide which Triumfetta ?

I think Triumfetta annua L. as per comparative images at Triumfetta


Thank you … I guess it is matching!


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Triumfetta pilosa Roth ??? : 7 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (8)
Location: Chobhar Height, Kathmandur , Nepal
Altitude:  4600 ft.
Date: 15 September 2016

How many number of stamen?


Sorry, I did not have that knowledge at that time.
Should follow now on wards!


I think you can count from the original images. Pl. tell us whether 5 or 10.


I guess it is more than 5 !


I seems to agree with your id based on the following:

I think Triumfetta annua L. (Flower buds nearly glabrous in T.annua vs obviously hairy in T.pilosa as per keys in Flora of China)



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Triumfetta annua L. (accepted name) ?? : 7 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (11)

Location: Pilot Baba Ashram, Bhaktapur , Nepal
Altitude: 5000 ft.
Date: 11 September 2016
Triumfetta annua L. (accepted name) ??

Or can it be Triumfetta pentandra A.Rich. as per images herein.


It looks Triumfetta annua L only.


I want to know whether the plant shows stamens 10, and the capsule 5- 8 mm Long with glabrous spine than it is T.annua but the photo it is quite interesting due  presence of hairs on the apex of sepals. Try to send the material for confirmation.


Triumfetta pilosa Roth  ????


I think Triumfetta pilosa as per keys & illustrations at

I think Triumfetta annua L. (Flower buds nearly glabrous in T.annua vs obviously hairy in T.pilosa as per keys in Flora of China)



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Triumfetta annua from Mussoorie Chakrata road near Kalsi:
Triumfetta annua Linn., Mant. 1:73. 1767.
The species is distinct from others in its orange flowers and glabrous uncinate spines on the fruit. Annual herb up to 1 m tall, stem purplish on one side with line of hairs; leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 3-5-veined from base, stipules linear, hirsute; cymes leaf-opposed, usually 3-flowered; flowers orange, 8 mm across, petals slightly smaller than sepals; stamens 10; capsule globose 9-11 mm in diam including spines which are 4-5 mm long glabrous and with hooked tips.
Photographed from near Kalsi along Mussoorie Chakrata road on September 16, 2011

I liked the way Sir ji gives the description So neat. I have to recheck all my Triumfettas.
Some botanical terms are difficult to digest though (Uncinate spines: I will search it; no issues. Are they typically seen here in these pictures?)…Still most of the description is so clear. The characters are illustrated in the pictures too.
…. The cyme is 3 flowered I suppose; that is it consists of 3 flowers.


I used the term uncinate initially but when I described the spines at the end I was reminded of persons like you and used hooked, which means the same. I think I will have to learn to be less technical in future.


You are perfect with your teaching. Don’t change anything. These terms are stimulus for us to learn. In fact I have an idea of starting something like…….
“term of the week” (Was started earlier by ….. but somehow not supported by others with the same zeal) Here some term will be coined by some expert for a week and evryone will try to upload pictures supporting
it. We can find variation it it also.Future ideas must evolve tomake the group interesting Isn’t it?


“term of the week” (Was started earlier by … but somehow not supported by others with the same zeal)’
Great idea, why not restart it?


Good idea. I am in the same boat as you … and a bit further behind in terms of botanical definitions terms than you, I welcome the idea..
I will even ask questions about some new term i donot know..
so … et al will have a lot of willing students and terms to define and illustrate.
It will be our own open university. What a great idea.


Good idea … Let us start them again.


A pictorial botanary i think, novel and very useful idea. Do we upload pictures/ images in the same/ master thread or separately as we do during regular fortnight?


OK … shall we call the thread Botany Nomenclature 101 Indiatreepx College or now you think …your turn to come up with a name 


yes that too… we should definitely have pictures
picture we took ourselves and got identified or drew as in class room or from the net or from some book with their permission or full quotation/reference give.
that would be lovely, please see above, what I wrote to …


My question was – should we upload the pictures in one single thread defining the ‘particular term’ so that the very single thread serves as a ready-reckoner with all its variations within the term? If wrong pictures are uploaded in the same thread we would learn instantly where the pictures went wrong.
If the posts are made in separate threads that will be inconvenient for a dictionary for future use as well as for new members. It won’t serve quick glance purpose.

Problem with the single thread would be when it would be bulky and Google does not allow any more attachments.
I think in that case we can start new thread with -2, -3 etc.
But then for the purpose of convenient search I think each term has separate thread. A member may start the thread and others add their images or additional information through replies. That way a member can easily explore a term.


And when we have a good collection of these terms, any one of us can compile these on our website with links to appropriate thread. That would be our online dictionary.


Yes Sir, there is size concern and there is google policy.
It seems to work as well, with convenience, by dividing the thread of a term, like TUBERCLE : GS, TUBERCLE : SK…. but there won’t be any tubercle:sk1, tubercle:sk2, tubercle:sk3….. one member won’t make separate threads for variations within a given term. Instead he/she will upload all images in his/her single thread adding one (set) by one (set) serially through reply mails. Would it be acceptable?


That is OK … One thread for one term, with posts by all members who want to contribute/comment.


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SK 3128 11 November 2021: 6 very high res. images.
Location: Kalikot, West Nepal
Altitude: 1696m.
Date: 15 August 2021
Habit : Wild
Triumfetta pilosa Roth ??


I think Triumfetta annua L. (Flower buds nearly glabrous in T.annua vs obviously hairy in T.pilosa as per keys in Flora of China)


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Triumfetta annua L.: 6 very high res. images.

Location: Kalikot, West Nepal
Altitude: 1696m.
Date: 15 August 2021
Habit : Wild

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MS,May,2022/23 Triumfetta sp. for id: 2 images.
Location : Lungkulh, Mizoram

Altitude : ca.350 m
Date : 14-11-2018
Habit : Undershrub
Habitat : Wild


Pl. post high res. images to check flower buds.
Any keys?


1 very high res. image


It is Triumfetta annua L. as the buds are mostly glabrous.


 


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References: