Names of plants- mini lexique

 
 
Names of plants in India – mini lexique: It would be useful to every one to have a kind of mini lexique covering the basic words which can be found in plant names. Something like this:
ASSAMESE:
BENGALI :
ENGLISH : 1.Leaf, 2. leaves, 3 flower, 4. fruit, 5. tree
GUJARATI :
HINDI : 1. , 2. फूलphula, 3. , 4. फल phala 5. पेड़ per
KANNADA :
MALAYALAM :
MARATHI :
NEPALI :
ORIYA :
PUNJABI :
SANSKRIT :
TAMIL : 1., 2. இலைகள் ilaikal, 3 மலர் , 4. பழம் palam, 5. மரம் maram
TELUGU :
URDU :
+ Any other language.
Basic colors as well or combinations such as red-leaved, green-leaved, blue-flowered, white-flowered etc.
Your imagination is the limit. They must be name components that are common in plant names however.
I leave this basic idea with you all.

Here are comments, made elsewhere by Usha di and Dr Pankaj Kumar, relevant here.
“Pata is leaves, used/cooked/eaten anyway one likes when buying or collecting.”
” “pata” means leaf.”

“shak is leaves and stems together in colloquial use… mostly used to denote the vegetable (food) like potential of the greens”.
” “sak” or “shak” means branches” (ie leaves + stem or twigs)

Very interesting, is it something like the following?-
ASSAMESE:
BENGALI : 1. পাতা (PATA), 2. পাতাগুলি (PATAGULI / PATAGULO), 3.ফুল (PHOOL), 4. ফল (PHAL), 5. গাছ (GACH), 5A. ঝোপ-ঝাড় (JHOP-JHAR = herb, shrub, undergrowth), 5B. গুঁড়ি (GUNRI = tree trunk), 5C. ডালপালা (DALPALA = branches), 4A. কাঁচা (KANCHA = unripe/green fruit), 4B. পাকা (PAKA = ripe fruit), 4C. কচি (KOCHI = immature fruit), 3A. কুঁড়ি (KUNRI = flower bud)

ENGLISH : 1.Leaf, 2. leaves, 3 flower, 4. fruit, 5. tree
GUJARATI :
HINDI : 1. , 2. फूल phula, 3. , 4. फल phala 5. पेड़ per
KANNADA :
MALAYALAM :
MARATHI :
NEPALI :
ORIYA :
PUNJABI :
SANSKRIT :
TAMIL : 1., 2. இலைகள் ilaikal, 3 மலர் , 4. பழம் palam, 5. மரம் maram
TELUGU :
URDU :
+ Any other language.

TELUGU : 1.Leaf –ఆకు (Aaku), 2. Leaves – ఆకులు (Aakulu), 3 Flower: పువ్వు (Puvvu), flowers పూలు Poolu, పుష్పములు Pushpamulu, 4. Fruit – పండు Pandu, Fruits పండ్లు Pandlu, 5. Tree – చెట్టు Chettu, మ్రాను Mraanu,Trees – చెట్లు Chetlu,

Tamil: Leaf – இலை – ILAI, 3. Flower– மலர் – Malar, பூ Poo

Malayalam: 1.Leaf – ഇല ILA, 2. Leaves – ഇലകള്‍ ILAKAL, 3 Flower: പൂവ്‌ Poovu, flowers പൂവുകള്‍ Poovukal; 4. Fruit – പഴം Pazham, Fruits പഴങ്ങള്‍ Pazhangal, 5. Tree – – മരം maram, Trees: മരങ്ങള്‍ marangal, Plant – ചെടി chedi; Plants: ചെടികള്‍ – Chedikal; Root: വേര് Ver‍; Roots: വേരുകള്‍ verukal,
Credit to my collegue: Mr. B. Remanan Pillai

Some more here –
  • for plural of any common noun we use গুলো (GULO) = গুলি (GULI), eg. পাতাগুলো = leaves, গাছগুলি = trees/shrubs/herbs
  • লতা (LATA) = creeper / climber
  • ­বঁ টা (BONTA ) = stalk of leaf/flower/fruit
  • গাছ (GACH) = tree/shrub/herb
  • শেকড় (SHEKAR) = শিকড় (SHIKAR) = root
  • ডগা (DOGA) = young/apical shoot
  • লাল (LAL) = red, নীল (NIL) = blue, সবুজ (SABUJ) = green, হলদে (HALDE) = হলুদ (HALUD) = yellow, কমলা (KAMOLA) = orange, গোলাপী (GOLAPI) = pink, বেগুনি (BEGUNI) = violet/purple
  • to express light shade of any color, we use হালকা (HALKA) or চে (CHE), eg., হালকা লাল = লালচে = light red = reddish
  • বৌল (BOUL) = বউল (BOUL) = inflorescence / buds

Some more in Bengali –
  • আগাছা (AGACHA) = weed
  • পরগাছা (PARGACHA / PAROGACHA) = parasitic plant, hemiparasites
  • রোঁয়া (RNOA) = hairy / pubescent
  • মসৃণ (MASRIN/MOSRIN) = glabrous
  • তেলা (TELA) = oily/waxy
  • চকচকে (CHOKCHOKE) = shiny/reflecting light
  • হরহরে (HARHARE) = slimy/mucus/mucuoid
  • ভেষজ (VESHAJ / BHESHAJ) = medicinal
  • সব্জি (SOBJI) = vegetables
  • শাক (SHAK) = leafy vegetables
  • শাক-সব্জি (SHAKSOBJI) = all vegetables
  • শস্য (SHASYA) = grains/cereals/pulses
  • সস্য (SASYA) = endosperm
  • চাল (CHAL) = rice
  • ধান (DHAN) = paddy
  • ডাল (DAL) = pulses
  • গম (GAM) = wheat
  • আটা (AATAA) = flour
  • আঠা (AATHA) = gum, plant or synthetic
  • শুকনো (SHUKNO) = dry, eg. শুকনো ফল = dry fruit
  • ভিজে (BHIJE / VIJE) = wet
  • ছাল (CHAL) = bark/skin
  • শাঁশ (SHANSH / SHANS) = flesh/endocarp
  • রস (RAS) = juice
  • রসালো (RASAALO) = juicy, eg. রসালো ফল = juicy/fleshy fruit

Mini lexicon of Indian plant names components: Mini lexicon of plant name components by the efloraofindia discussion group contributors

Assamese
by Xobdo community		 পাত Pat
ফুল Phul
ফল Phol গছ Gos ঠাৰি Thari ঠাল Thal

লতা Lota
Bengali
by
Surajit Koley		 পাতা Pata (sing.),
পাতাগুলো Patagulo (plur.)
1ফুল (Phool)
2কুঁড়ি (Kunri)
 1 ফল(Phal)

2 কাঁচা (Kancha)
3 পাকা (Paka)
4 কচি (Kochi)
 1 গাছGach (sing.),
গাছগুলি Gachguli
2 গুঁড়ি (Gunri)		 1 ডাঁটা Ḍām̐ṭā
2 বোঁটাBonta (Bōm̐ṭā)		 1 ঝোপ-ঝাড় (Jhop-Jhar) ডালপালা (Dalpala) ঝোপ-ঝাড় (Jhop-Jhar) লতা (Lata) শেকড় Shekar (sing.),
শিকড় Shikar (sing.) 		ডগা Doga (sing.) বৌল Boul, বউল Boul
English
(international)
Leaf, leaves (plur.) 1 Flower (sing.), flowers (plur.)
2 Flower bud		 1 Fruit, fruits (plur.)
2 Unripe / green fruit
3 Ripe fruit
4 Immature fruit		 1 Tree, trees (plur.)
2 Tree trunk		 1 Peduncle / Stalk / Stem (sing.), Stems (plur.)
2 Stalk of leaf / flower / fruit
1 Herb
2 Medicinal herb
3 Culinary herb		 Branch Shrub 1 Vine / climber 2 Creeper Root Tubers / rhizomes Plant Young/apical shoot Inflorescence / buds Seeds Bark
Gujarati પર્ણParna
Hindi फूल phula फलphala पेड़per
Kannada ಪರ್ಣ Parna / ಎಲೆ Ele ಪುಷ್ಪ Puṣpa (sing.), ಹೂವು Hūvu (plur.), ಹೂವಿನ Hūvina ಕಾಯಿ Kaayi ಕಮ್ಟಿ Kmtti
Malayalam
by
B. Remanan Pillai		 ഇല Ila (sing.), ഇലകള്‍ Ilakal (plur.)
പൂവ്‌ Poovu (sing.), പൂവുകള്‍ Poovukal (plur.) പഴം Pazham (sing.), പഴങ്ങള്‍ Pazhangal (plur.)

 മരം maram (sing.), മരങ്ങള്‍ marangal (plur.) വേര് Ver‍ (sing.), വേരുകള്‍ verukal (plur.) ചെടി chedi (sing.), ചെടികള്‍ Chedikal (plur.)
Marathi
Nepali
Oriya
from a number of sources		 ପତ୍ର Patra ଫୁଲ Fula ଫଳ Fala 1 ଗଛ Gachha
2 ଗଛର ଗଣ୍ଡି Gachhara gandi 		ବ୍ରୁନ୍ତ Brunta, ଗଛର କାଣ୍ଡ Gachhara kanda ଶାଖା Shakka, ଗଛର ଶାଖା Gachhara shakha 2 ଲତା Lata ଗଛର ଚେର Gachhara chera କଅଁଳିଆ ପତ୍ର Kaalia patra କଢ Kadha ଗଛର ଛେଲି Gachhara cheli
Punjabi
Sanskrit
Tamil இலை Ilai, இலைகள் ilaikal மலர் malar பழம் palam மரம்mara
Telugu
by
D. Radha Krishna Reddy		 ఆకుAaku (sing.), ఆకులుAakulu (plur.) పువ్వు Puvvu (sing.), పూలుPoolu (plur.) 1 పండు Pandu (sing.), పండ్లుPandlu (plur.)
Phalam
2 Kaaya, Kaya
చెట్టు Chettu (sing.), మ్రాను Mraanu (sing.), చెట్లు Chetlu (plur.) Dumpa, Gadda చెట్టు Chettu (sing.)
Urdu

Compiling started in May 2012.


I think we’ll have to think about individual tables with pictures in the near future. In the light of the recent fantastic debate about Bacopa and Centella, some new concepts have arisen, especially in relation to Sanskrit but not exclusively. A single table cannot handle all the info. required. Thinking about “grass” for argument sake: a 30 m bamboo is a grass, banana is a grass (plant – not tree), wheat is a grass. Ananas is a fruit but does not grow on a tree. You are beginning to follow my thinking. What better way to clarify all those examples than with a photo or two?

Can I please remind those who haven’t yet responded on the subject of Citrus that I am still waiting for feedback. We haven’t really started any Citrus debate. Please do not include my e-mail in any posting until August because I will be away from computers until then. I will report back on Citrus in August.
Keep up the good work, especially on the subject of organic food production. I have taught these concepts for 12 years, long before the word “sustainable” was pronounced for the first time in academic circles. The circumstances have moved on slightly since the days of Rachel Carson. Today the fight is political on a world scale and your Rachel is Vandana Shiva. A caring woman for each era, each situation.

I am adding few kannada terms
Hoo ಹೂ(Flower), Moggu ಮೊಗ್ಗು(Flower bud),ಪುಷ್ಪಪಾತ್ರೆ Pushpa patre(calyx),
paragaಪರಾಗ (Stamen), ಪರಾಗರೇಣುParaga renu (Dust from stamen),ಕಾಂಡ Kanda(stem), ಬೇರುBeru(Root)
Rembe ಕೆಂಬೆ(Branch), ಪೊದೆPode (shrub), ಬಳ್ಳಿballi(Creeper), ಗಡ್ಡೆGadde(Tuber), ಮಿಡಿ(Midi)Young fruit ,
ಚಿಗುರು(chiguru)young shoot, ತೊಗಟೆ(Togate, bark), ಸಾರಭಾಗ Sara bhaga (Heart wood), ಹಾಲು Haalu(Latex), ಮುಳ್ಳು Mullu(spine / Thorn)
Pushpa shalakae (ಪುಷ್ಪಶಲಾಕೆ) , Thottu (petiole) / peduncle)

1 Flower (sing.), flowers (plur.)
2 Flower bud		 1 Fruit, fruits (plur.)
2 Unripe / green fruit
3 Ripe fruit
4 Immature fruit		 1 Tree, trees (plur.)
2 Tree trunk		 1 Peduncle / Stalk / Stem (sing.), Stems (plur.)
2 Stalk of leaf / flower / fruit		 1 Herb
2 Medicinal herb
3 Culinary herb		 Branch Shrub 1 Vine / climber 2 Creeper Root Tubers / rhizomes Plant Young/apical shoot Inflorescence / buds Seeds Bark

Hope this helps. I am unable to do this in a table form in web.
If need any terms in kannada or Sanskrit you can ask me. Hopefully I can help.

Can you Add headings to each column? So that we know where to add which part name.
E.g: Names of part of root, parts of stem, Leaf, flower, fruit, seed etc,
otherwise adding multiple names or adding extra may become difficult.