Cenchrus echinatus (Introduced)

Cenchrus echinatus L., Sp. Pl. 1050 1753. (syn: Cenchrus brevisetus E.Fourn. ex Hemsl.; Cenchrus brevisetus E. Fourn.; Cenchrus cavanillesii Tausch [Illegitimate]; Cenchrus crinitus Mez; Cenchrus echinatus var. brevisetus (E.Fourn.) Scribn.; Cenchrus echinatus var. glabratus F.Br.; Cenchrus echinatus var. hillebrandianus (Hitchc.) F.Br.; Cenchrus echinatus var. morisonii Kuntze; Cenchrus echinatus var. pennisetoides F.Br.; Cenchrus hexaflorus Blanco; Cenchrus hillebrandianus C.L.Hitchc.; Cenchrus insularis Scribn. ex Millsp.; Cenchrus lechleri Steud. [Invalid]; Cenchrus macrocarpus Ledeb. ex Steud. [Invalid]; Cenchrus pungens Kunth; Panicastrella muricata Moench [Illegitimate]);

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Central & S. U.S.A. to Tropical & Subtropical America: Alabama, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Arizona, Arkansas, Aruba, Bahamas, Belize, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, California, Cayman Is., Central American Pac, Chile North, Chile South, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Desventurados Is., District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Florida, French Guiana, Galápagos, Georgia, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Kansas, Kentucky, Leeward Is., Louisiana, Maryland, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mississippi, Netherlands Antilles, Nevada, New Mexico, Nicaragua, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, South Carolina, Southwest Caribbean, Suriname, Tennessee, Texas, Trinidad-Tobago, Turks-Caicos Is., Uruguay, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Virginia, Windward Is.; Introduced into: Aldabra, Azores, Bangladesh, Borneo, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Caroline Is., Chagos Archipelago, China South-Central, China Southeast, Cocos (Keeling) Is., Cook Is., Czechoslovakia, Easter Is., Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Ghana, Gilbert Is., Greece, Gulf States, Hainan, Hawaii, India, Ivory Coast, Japan, Kenya, Lebanon-Syria, Lesser Sunda Is., Line Is., Madagascar, Maine, Malaya, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Mauritius, Mexican Pacific Is., Mozambique Channel I, Nansei-shoto, Nauru, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nigeria, Niue, Northern Territory, Oman, Palestine, Philippines, Phoenix Is., Rodrigues, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Society Is., Solomon Is., South China Sea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tanzania, Togo, Tokelau-Manihiki, Tonga, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Vermont, Wake I., Wallis-Futuna Is. as per POWO;
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Common name: Spiny Burrgrass, Burrgrass, Burrweed, Southern Sandbur, Mossman River Grass
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Annual herbs; culms geniculate, 20-75 cm tall, tufted; nodes glabrous. Leaves 8-35 x 0.4-12 cm, linear-lanceolate, base rounded, apex acuminate, pilose on upper surface, scabrid on margins; sheaths keeled, to 12 cm long; ligule a row of hairs. Panicles spike-like, 4-10 cm long; rachis angular with sharp-edged decurrent wings, puberulous. Spikelets 3-5, 6-7 mm long, enclosed by a deciduous involucre of bristles; involucre to 8 mm long; bristles unequal, outer smaller, retrorsely barbed; lower glume c. 3 mm long, ovate, acute; upper glumes c. 5 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, 3-5 nerved. Lower floret male; upper floret bisexual; first lemma 5 – 6 mm long, ovate-lanceolate; palea c. 6 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, 2-nerved, delicate; second lemma c. 6 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, 5-nerved. Stamens 3; filaments 7-8 mm long. Ovary c. 1 mm long, globose; stigma plumose, c. 3 mm long, white. Grain 3-3.5 x 2.5-3 mm, ellipsoid.

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Submission of Cenchrus echinatus : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (2)

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References:
POWO  Catalogue ofLife  The Plant List Ver.1.1  WCSP  IPNI  RBG Kew: GrassBase BSIFlora of India checklist  India Biodiversity Portal  Wikipedia  Flowers of India