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Odontosoria chinensis (L.) J. Sm., Bot. Voy. Herald 430 1857. (syn: Adiantum chinense (L.) Burm. fil.; Adiantum chusanum L.; Bierhorstia chinensis (L.) Barcel. & Hickey; Davallia chinensis (L.) C. B. Cl.; Davallia chinensis (L.) J. E. Sm.; Davallia chusana (L.) Willd.; Davallia cuneiformis (G. Forst.) Sw.; Davallia didyma Hedw.; Davallia ferruginea Cav.; Davallia microcarpa Sm.; Davallia polysperma Steud.; Davallia remota Kaulf.; Davallia tenuifolia var. chinensis (L.) Moore; Davallia venusta Schkuhr; Hymenophyllum ramosissimum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don; Lindsaea chinensis (L.) A. Braun & C. D. Bouche; Lindsaea chinensis (L.) Mett. ex Kuhn; Microlepia chinensis (L.) Mett.; Odontosoria chinensis f. kenzoana (H. Ito) Nakaike; Odontosoria chusana (L.) Masam.; Odontosoria palmii Rosendahl; Sphenomeris chinensis (L.) Maxon; Sphenomeris chinensis var. rheophila Kramer; Sphenomeris chusana (L.) Copel.; Sphenomeris chusana var. kenzoana H. Ito; Stenoloma chinensis (L.) Bedd.; Stenoloma chusanum (L.) Ching; Trichomanes chinense L.; Trichomanes cuneiforme Forst.; Trichomanes malayanum Roxb. ex Griff.; Trichomanes polysperma Poir.);
. W. Indian Ocean, Tropical & Subtropical Asia to Pacific: Assam, Bangladesh, Borneo, Caroline Is., China South-Central, China Southeast, Comoros, Cook Is., East Himalaya, Fiji, Hainan, Hawaii, India, Japan, Kazan-retto, Korea, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Maluku, Marquesas, Mauritius, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, New Caledonia, Ogasawara-shoto, Philippines, Réunion, Samoa, Santa Cruz Is., Society Is., Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Tonga, Tubuai Is., Vanuatu, Vietnam, Wallis-Futuna Is., West Himalaya as per POWO; .
China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Taiwan, Tibet, South Korea, Bangladesh,
Bhutan, Myanmar [Burma], Nepal, Philippines, Palawan, Thailand (widespread), Laos, Vietnam, Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, etc.), India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal), Sri Lanka, Sumatra, peninsular Malaysia (Penang), Lesser Sunda Isl. (Lombok, Bali, Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba), Sulawesi, Moluccas (Seram), Solomon Isl., Hawaii (Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Maui, Hawaii Isl.), Bonin Isl. (Chichijima, Anijima, Hahajima, Mukohjima, Imohtojima), Volcano Isl. (Minami-Iwojima, Kita-Iwojima), Palau Isl. (Babeldoab), Tonga (Late Isl., Tongatapu, ‘Eua, Kao), Fiji (Viti Levu, Ovalau, Taveuni), New Caledonia, Cook Isl. (Rarotonga), Marquesas Isl. (Nuku Hiva, Ua Huka, Ua Pou, Hiva Oa, Tahuata, Fatu Hiva), Austral Isl. (Rapa Iti, Raivavae, Tubuai, Rurutu), Society Isl. (Tahiti, Raiatea, Bora Bora), Western Samoa (Savaii), American Samoa (Olosega?, Ta’u), New Zealand (N-North Isl.) as per Catalogue of Life; .
Terrestrial herb with creeping, branched rhizome, 8 mm thick, densely covered with dark brown hairs. Fronds 25-50 x 5-15 cm, quadripinnate, finely dissected; stipe 10-15 cm long, yellow, hairy at the very base, polished above; lamina 6-40 x 5-15 cm, oblong or elliptic-lanceolate in outline; primary pinnae to 8 x 3 cm, triangular or ovate-acuminate in outline, 12-25 pairs, alternate, 5 mm stalked; secondary pinnae to 2 x 1.5 cm, rhomboid or elliptic in outline, 10-15 pairs, alternate; tertiary pinnae to 1 x 0.8 cm, obovate or obtriangular in outline, 4-8 per pinnae; quaternary pinnae to 5 x 2 mm, obtriangular, truncate at apex, cuneate at base, entire, coriaceous; pinnae and pinnules progressively reduced towards apex; veins free. Sori 1.5-2 x 0.5 mm, elliptic, 1 or 2 at the apex of the quaternary pinnae, dark brown, indusia paler, attached by base and sides, free at apex only. Sporangial capsule 350 x 250 µm, subglobose, stalk 250 µm. Spores 50 x 35 µm, yellow, hyaline, smooth. Growing on earth cuttings in Semi-evergreen and evergreen forests at high altitudes.
East Asia to Polynesia
Location: Suryabinayak, Bhaktapur
Date: 07 July 2020
Elevation: 1519 m.
Habit : Wild
Odontosoria chinensis (L.) J.Sm. ??
Odontosoria chinensis Thank you …! … has also validated accordingly! It’s Odontosoria chinensis
Yes, It seems to be Odontosoria chinensis .
Date : 21.12.2012
Location: Rani forest, Kamrup district (Assam)
Family : Dennstaedtiaceae
Genus & species : Sphenomeris chinensis (L.) Maxon. (?)
Habitat: Grows wild on hilly slopes
Habit : Herb Yes, that’s correct, it’s Sphenomeris chinensis, or as I prefer, Odontosoria chinensis (also molecularly cladonomised as Bierhorstia chinensis, but not so much fitting in with the morphological taxonomy, which I believe must also be considered!). There is an apparently separate cytotype from South India, Lanka and parts of SE Asia, described as O. tenuifolia, which is subtly different in having rather wider segment-apices and slightly shorter segments – I think the best treatment for that is as a subsp. tenuifolia as the two are so close, but usually distinguishable, it seems. Subsp. tenuifolia is also turning up now in N.E. India as well. Rather ironic that the entity named “tenuifolia” is actually thicker and wider in its parts than chinensis proper – but no matter. After all there’s a Lathyrus japonicus that actually came from Britain and does not occur in Japan at all, or E. Asia! – its locality told to Linnaeus was a mistake – but it is still known as L. japonicus even so!
O. chinensis is very common at lower altitude through all the C. and E. Himalaya and C. and S. India – but can’t go very far west in the Indo-Himalaya, not beyond Uttarakhand, I think (?memory!), as it gets too dry for it at certain seasons. It is one of the commonest roadside weeds around the Kathmandu valley, but try as you might, it seems you simply cannot transplant it, or it immediately dies! Several ferns are like that, also Palhinhaea (“Lycopodiella”) cernua – that pretty clubmoss, would be so nice to grow, but it will only grow where it wants to by spores – can’t be moved. Dipteris wallichii, though a common roadside weed in far NE India is very hard to grow too.
Both Odontosoria and Palhinhaea (and Dipteris to some degree) grow in similar habitats on semi-open clay banks of paths and roads. .
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