Launaea intybacea (Jacq.) Beauv., Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, sér. 2: 2: 114 (1910) (syn: Ammoseris surinamensis D.Dietr.; Brachyramphus caribaeus DC.; Brachyramphus goraeensis DC.; Brachyramphus intybaceus (Jacq.) DC.; Brachyramphus remotiflorus (DC.) Kamelin; Brachyramphus schimperi Sch.Bip. ex Schweinf.; Brachyramphus sonchifolius DC.; Cacalia sonchifolia Wall.; Cicerbita intybacea (Jacq.) Wallr.; Lactuca arabica Jaub. & Spach; Lactuca goraeensis Sch.Bip.; Lactuca heyneana DC.; Lactuca intybacea Jacq.; Lactuca nubica Sch.Bip.; Lactuca octophylla Sch.Bip.; Lactuca pinnatifida (Lour.) Merr.; Lactuca remotiflora DC.; Lactuca runcinata DC.; Lactuca schimperi Jaub. & Spach; Lactuca virgata Tausch; Launaea goraeensis Hoffm.; Launaea kuriensis Vierh.; Launaea remotiflora (DC.) Amin ex Rech.f.; Microrhynchus octophyllus Hochst. ex Oliv.; Microrhynchus surinamensis Miq.; Phaenixopus intybaceus (Jacq.) Less.; Prenanthes sonchifolia Willd.; Scorzonera africana Poir.; Scorzonera pinnatifida Lour.; Sonchus ciliatus Perr. ex DC.; Sonchus goraeensis Lam.; Sonchus paniculatus Moc. & Sessé ex DC.; Sonchus spachii Schweinf.; Sonchus taraxacifolius Spreng.; Trachodes paniculata D.Don);
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Tropical & Subtropical Old World: Angola, Botswana, Burkina, Cape Verde, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gulf States, India, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Oman, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tanzania, West Himalaya, Yemen; Introduced into: Aruba, Bahamas, Belize, Cayman Is., Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Florida, Guatemala, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Marianas, Mexico Southeast, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Peru, Puerto Rico, Seychelles, Suriname, Texas, Transcaucasus, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles as per POWO;
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Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Sao Vicente Isl., Santa Luzia Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Sal Isl., Ilha da Boa Vista, Ilha de Maio, Ilha de Sao Tiago, Fogo Isl., Ilha Brava), South Africa (Limpopo), Namibia, Botswana, Madagascar, Seychelles (I), Comores (Mayotte, etc.), Mauritania, Burkina Faso, Djibouti, Ivory Coast, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Senegal, Niger, Nigeria, Sudan, Somalia, Angola, Mozambique, Kenya, Tanzania, Southern Marianas (I) (Guam (I)), Egypt (SE-Egypt), Oman (Dhofar, Mascat & Oman), Saudi Arabia (Dahana, Hejaz, Asir), United Arab Emirates, Yemen (coastal Hadhramaut, Inner Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen, W-Yemen), Pakistan (Baluchistan, N.W.Frontier Prov., Pakistani Punjab), Pakistani Kashmir (Gilgit), India (Jammu & Kashmir, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu), Sri Lanka, USA (I) (Florida (I), Texas (I)), Colombia (I) (Atlntico (I), Bolvar (I), La Guajira (I)), Mexico (I), Peru (I), Bahamas (I), Cayman Isl. (I), Cuba (I), Hispaniola (I), Jamaica (I), Puerto Rico (I), Virgin Isl. (I) (Guana (I), St. Croix (I), St. John (I), St. Thomas (I), Tortola (I), Virgin Gorda (I)), Lesser Antilles (I) (Anguilla (I), Antigua (I), Montserrat (I), St. Barthelemy (I)), Trinidad (I), Aruba (I), Bonaire (I), Curacao (I), Isla Margarita (I), Turks & Caicos Isl. (I), Belize (I), Guatemala (I), Nicaragua (I), Costa Rica (I) as per CoL;
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25-06-2021 surajit 05 : Launaea intybacea (Jacq.) Beauverd:
- Distribution : India and other countries (KEW)
- FBI entry : Lactuca heyneana DC.
- Description : (1) polymorphic annual, (2) leaves either obovate and apically rounded or spathulate with acute apex; more or less entire, to sinuate-dentate to runcinate; margin white-cartilagineously denticulate, lamina usually thin.
- shows a remarkable vegetative plasticity, recognizable by its small pale yellow flowers in medium size capitula
- Pictures : check KEW
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References: POWO Catalogue of Life The Plant List Ver.1.1 GCC India Biodiversity Portal Cichorieae Portal backyardnature CABI
