Crotalaria juncea

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kroh-tuh-LAR-ee-uh — Greek krotalos; refers to sound, dried pods make when shaken … Dave’s Botanary
JUN-kee-uh — rush-like … Dave’s Botanary 

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commonly known asbrown hempfalse hempIndian hempsunn hemp • Assameseআঁউচ aous • Bengaliশণ shan • Gujaratiશણ shanશણિયું shaniyu • Hindiपटसन patsanसन sanसनई sanai • Kannadaಸೆಣಬು senabu • Konkaniसोणबु sonabu • Malayalamചണം chanamകിലുകിലുപ്പ kilukiluppa • Manipuriঊ হৱাঈ oo hawai • Marathiधाकटी घागरी dhakti ghagariसन sanताग tag • Nepaliछिनछिने chhinchhineसनई sanai • Odiaଅତସୀ atasiଶଣ shana • Punjabiਸਣ sanਸੱਨੀ sanni • Sanskritअतसी atasiशण shanaसामान्य शणपट्ट samanya shanapatta • Tamilசணல் canalசடம்பு catampuவாக்குன்னார் vakkunnar • Teluguగిలకచెట్టు gilaka-chettuశణము shanamu • Tuluತಲಂಬು talambu • Urduسن san 
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… and more names … Hindiबिछुआ bichuaदीर्घपल्लव dirghpallavजनब janabमातुलानी matulani • Odiaଛଣପଟ chhanapataସମ୍ବତ୍ sambatଶନପୁଷ୍ପୀ shanapushpiସ୍ବଳ୍ପ ଶବ୍ଦା swalpa shabda • Sanskritदीर्घपल्लव dirghapallavaमदगन्धा madagandhaमाल्यपुष्प malyapuspaमातुलानी matulani • Tamilகோனிப்பூடு koni-p-putuகுத்திரம் kuttiramகுத்து kuttuமஞ்சி manciநணந்தம் nanantamநண்பன் nanpanஉமாதசி umataciஉத்திராபன்னி uttirapanni • Urduبچهوا bichuaجنب janabماتلاني matulani 
.
… plethora of trade names: Banares hemp (Benares hemp), Bengal hemp, Bombay hemp (Salsette hemp), Itarsi hemp, Konkani (Conkanee hemp), Jubbulpur hemp (Jubbalpore hemp), Madras hemp (Chennai hemp), Pilibhit hemp, Seoni hemp, Travancore flax, Warangel hemp
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Crotalaria for ID : Mumbai : 041111 : AK-3 :
Crotalaria sp taken at Maharashtra Nature Park, Mumbai on the 22 nd of Sept, 11.
Yellow flowers, plants about three feet in height.
No pods seen.


Seems to be C. juncea.


Linear lanceolate leaves; subsessile.
Crotalaria juncea …would be my choice too. तागडा, ताग



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Crotalaria for ID : Shahapur,Maharashtra : 100712 : AK-1:
A small plant growing wild by the roadside with Yellow flowers.
Picture taken on 13/10/09.
Some Crotalaria species.


Could be a species of Crotalaria


This looks like Crotolaria montana. My photographs for comparison are available at this site: efi thread


Could it be C. nana?


It may even be C. juncea, the sunn hemp.


It is Crotalaria juncea the green manure plant



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Fabaceae-Faboideae (Papilionaceae) Week :: Crotalaria sp. for ID -PKA29:
Seen this Crotalaria herb at Matheran Hills. Kindly help me in identification..
Family: Fabaceae
Date/Time: 12-11-2011 / 05:00PM
Location: Matheran Hills
Leaves alternate, sessile


It appears crotalaria juncea.


I also think it to be Crotalaria juncea.


Pl. find the attached file contain photo for id. request.
Date: 29.12.2011
Location: Sembukarai, Anaikatti, Coimbatore Dist.,
Habitat: Wild
Habit: Shrub

I am too bad at legumes but to me this looked like Crotolaria juncea!!


I dont think you made a bad guess.


crotalaria, further i dont know
butterflies like something in its leaves.. never found eggs.. so thats not it
leaf juice??


Sir, what are the sizes of leaves and pods?



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Crotalaria from Khopoli :

Could you pl. give some clue, which Crotalaria it might be.
Locality: Khopoli, Raigad, Maharashtra,
Collection time; Sept 12
Habit: Herb upto 3.5 ft high
Stem: Hairy
Leaves; alternate, hairy
Flowers: yellow, 1 cm across, arranged towards ends of branch in lax raceme, standards petal marked with violet streaks.

I think it is Crotalaria juncea



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seed for identification : 1image. 4 posts by 4 authors.
seen these seeds spilled in a lorry office. Might be commercially avaiable.


Crotalaria juncea, perhaps.


Supporting …



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Crotalaria for ID : 260711 : AK-1 :
Taken near Shahapur, on way to Nasik, Maharashtra growing wild by the
roadside on 13/10/09.
The shrubs were around 5 feet in height,with yellow flowers.


Please check Crotalaria spectabilis.


may be Crotalaria linefolia


Looks similar to C.juncea also.


For me this looks like sun hemp (Crotalaria juncea).

Check this link also: http://www.tropicalforages.Crotalaria_juncea.htm.
You may have to check the  fruits and seeds as well  for confirmation.


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Crotalaria juncea or C.tetragona ?? : 8 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (2 + 1).
Habitat : Cultivated ? Habit : Herbaceous shrub.


Stem is not clearly visible but shape and width of leaves suggests C. juncea.


Almost looks like C. juncea L. It would be better to have a look at the closeup of the leaf, to get a more clear picture.


Again attaching herewith another picture of Crotalaria



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Plant for ID : Attachments (1).
Found growing on our terrace in Bangalore. ID would be appreciated.


The herb with yellow flower is Crotalaria juncea, the herb in the left side is Ocimum basilicum (sweet basil), the climber is Cucumis sativus – salad cucumber, the big tree is Cycas beddomei, ornamental Gymnosperm. water lilly (Nymphaea stellata) is kept in the circular cement tank.


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Crotalaria juncea L.
cultivated at a resort in Coorg on March 30, 2011

I am knowing at least this plant of Crotalaria



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Crotalaria ¿ juncea ?
Could this be Crotalaria juncea ? or would it be C. leptostachya ?
Tall robust herb, planted in butterfly garden, height about 2 m, with stiff and noticeably grooved stem, about 1/2 – 3/4 m long inflorescence; pale, paper-thin flower about 25 mm across.
planted at Ovalewadi (butterfly garden), Thane on October 7, 2010

efi page on Crotalaria juncea & Crotalaria leptostachya
I feel it should be Crotalaria juncea


Many many thanks …, I too think so. Wanted a seconding for C. juncea.



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Seen this Crotalaria herb at Matheran Hills.
Family: Fabaceae
Date/Time: 12-11-2011 / 05:00PM
Leaves alternate, sessile
Bot. name: Crotalaria juncea


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Fabaceae-Faboideae (Papilionaceae) Week :: DV-07OCT10-0907 :: Crotalaria at Ovalekarwadi: Tall Crotalaria planted in butterfly garden on outskirts of Thane.
This plant “could be” the full-grown version of Crotalaria at Coorg, queried for ID at: efi thread
Place: Ovalelarwadi (Butterfly Garden), (about 60 ft asl) Thane, Maharashtra
Time: Oct 7, 2010 at 9.07 am
Habit: tall robust herb
Habitat: garden
Plant height: about 2 m, standing tall.
Inflorescence: long, about 1/2 – 3/4 m
Stem: stiff and noticeably grooved
Flower size: about — 25 – 30 mm long, and 25 mm across; appears pale, paper-thin.

I think this one is similar to one I had posted for ID from Mulshi…


Dear friends, this should be Crotalaria juncea L.

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Crotalaria ¿ juncea ?
Dear friends,
Could this be Crotalaria juncea ? or would it be C. leptostachya ?
Tall robust herb, planted in butterfly garden, height about 2 m, with stiff and noticeably grooved stem, about 1/2 – 3/4 m long inflorescence; pale, paper-thin flower about 25 mm across.
planted at Ovalewadi (butterfly garden), Thane on October 7, 2010 

efi page on Crotalaria juncea & Crotalaria leptostachya
I feel it should be Crotalaria juncea     

Many many thanks …, I too think so. Wanted a seconding for C. juncea.


… requesting you to validate this Crotalaria to be juncea; hopefully the photos help.


Yes its Crotalaria juncea L.


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Names of Plants in India :: Crotalaria juncea L. : 3 posts by 2 authors. 1 image.
via Species‎ > ‎C‎ >  Crotalaria juncea L. … family: Fabaceae ~ Papilionaceae
Flowers of India Discussions at efloraofindia more views in flickr more views on Google Earth
kroh-tuh-LAR-ee-uh — Greek krotalos; refers to sound, dried pods make when shaken … Dave’s Botanary
JUN-kee-uh — rush-like … Dave’s Botanary 
commonly known asbrown hempfalse hempIndian hempsunn hemp • Assameseআঁউচ aous • Bengaliশণ shan • Gujaratiશણ shanશણિયું shaniyu • Hindiपटसन patsanसन sanसनई sanai • Kannadaಸೆಣಬು senabu • Konkaniसोणबु sonabu • Malayalamചണം chanamകിലുകിലുപ്പ kilukiluppa • Manipuriঊ হৱাঈ oo hawai • Marathiधाकटी घागरी dhakti ghagariसन sanताग tag • Nepaliछिनछिने chhinchhineसनई sanai • Odiaଅତସୀ atasiଶଣ shana • Punjabiਸਣ sanਸੱਨੀ sanni • Sanskritअतसी atasiशण shanaसामान्य शणपट्ट samanya shanapatta • Tamilசணல் canalசடம்பு catampuவாக்குன்னார் vakkunnar • Teluguగిలకచెట్టు gilaka-chettuశణము shanamu • Tuluತಲಂಬು talambu • Urduسن san 
… and more names … Hindiबिछुआ bichuaदीर्घपल्लव dirghpallavजनब janabमातुलानी matulani • Odiaଛଣପଟ chhanapataସମ୍ବତ୍ sambatଶନପୁଷ୍ପୀ shanapushpiସ୍ବଳ୍ପ ଶବ୍ଦା swalpa shabda • Sanskritदीर्घपल्लव dirghapallavaमदगन्धा madagandhaमाल्यपुष्प malyapuspaमातुलानी matulani • Tamilகோனிப்பூடு koni-p-putuகுத்திரம் kuttiramகுத்து kuttuமஞ்சி manciநணந்தம் nanantamநண்பன் nanpanஉமாதசி umataciஉத்திராபன்னி uttirapanni • Urduبچهوا bichuaجنب janabماتلاني matulani 
… plethora of trade names: Banares hemp (Benares hemp), Bengal hemp, Bombay hemp (Salsette hemp), Itarsi hemp, Konkani (Conkanee hemp), Jubbulpur hemp (Jubbalpore hemp), Madras hemp (Chennai hemp), Pilibhit hemp, Seoni hemp, Travancore flax, Warangel hemp 
botanical namesCrotalaria juncea L. … synonymsCrotalaria benghalensis Lam. • Crotalaria fenestrata Sims • Crotalaria ferestrata Sims • Crotalaria porrecta Wall. • Crotalaria sericea Willd. • Crotalaria tenuifolia Roxb. • Crotalaria viminea Wall. … synonyms: … The Plants List (2013). Version 1.1. 
October 7, 2010 … Ovalekar Wadi (the butterfly garden), Thane 

kroh-tuh-LAR-ee-uh — Greek krotalos; refers to sound, dried pods make when shaken … Dave’s Botanary
JUN-kee-uh — rush-like … Dave’s Botanary

commonly known as: brown hemp, false hemp, Indian hemp, sunn hemp • Assamese: আঁউচ aous • Bengali: শণ shan • Gujarati: શણ shan • Hindi: बिछुआ bichua, दीर्घपल्लव dirghpallav, जनब janab, मातुलानी matulani, पटसन patsan, सन san, सनई sanai • Kaachchhi: સણ san • Kannada: ಪುಂಡಿ pundi, ಸೆಣಬು senabu • Konkani: धाकटी घागरी dhakati ghagari, सन san, सोणबु ಸೊಣಬು sonabu • Malayalam: ചണം chanam, ചണക chanak • Manipuri: ঊ হৱাঈ oo hawai • Marathi: धाकटी घागरी dhakti ghagari, सन san, ताग tag • Mizo: tum-thang • Nepali: छिनछिने chhinchhine, सनई sanai • Odia: ଅତସୀ atasi, ଛଣପଟ chhanapata, ସମ୍ବତ୍ sambat, ଶଣ shana, ଶନପୁଷ୍ପୀ shanapushpi, ସ୍ବଳ୍ପ ଶବ୍ଦା swalpa shabda • Punjabi: ਸਣ san, ਸੱਨੀ sanni • Sanskrit: अतसी atasi, दीर्घपल्लव dirghapallava, मदगन्धा madagandha, माल्यपुष्प malyapuspa, मातुलानी matulani, सामान्य शणपट्ट samanya shanapatta, शण shana • Sindhi: سِڻي • Tamil: சணல் canal, சடம்பு catampu, கோனிப்பூடு koni-p-putu, குத்திரம் kuttiram, குத்து kuttu, மஞ்சி manci, நணந்தம் nanantam, நண்பன் nanpan, உமாதசி umataci, உத்திராபன்னி uttirapanni, வாக்குன்னார் vakkunnar • Telugu: గిలకచెట్టు gilaka-chettu, గిలిగిచ్చ giligichcha, శణము shanamu • Tulu: ತಲಂಬು talambu • Urdu: بچهوا bichua, جنب janab, ماتلاني matulani, سن san

popular trade names: Banares hemp (Benares hemp), Bengal hemp, Bombay hemp (Salsette hemp), Itarsi hemp, Konkani (Conkanee hemp), Jubbulpur hemp (Jubbalpore hemp), Madras hemp (Chennai hemp), Pilibhit hemp, Seoni hemp, Travancore flax, Warangel hemp

botanical namesCrotalaria juncea L. … synonymsCrotalaria benghalensis Lam. • Crotalaria fenestrata Sims • Crotalaria porrecta Wall. • Crotalaria sericea Willd. • Crotalaria tenuifolia Roxb. ex Hornem. • Isotropis argentea Ewart & Morrison … POWO

Bibliography / etymology

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~
brown hemp
false hemp
  • there was a wonderful informative web page – SUNN, or INDIA HEMP (Crotalaria juncea) – it has simply gone off the internet. The name will yet remain compiled here, justified for the fact that this plant though fibre-yielding, it is not related to Cannabis family.
Indian hemp
  • Wikipedia … it is generally considered to have originated in India
  • or Indian flax … A Malayalam and English dictionary by Hermann Gundert
  • this species is probably native to India, though it has never been found in a truly wild state, … it is cultivated nearly all over, frequently naturalised … ENVIS – FRLHT
  • an important fibre crop, widely cultivated in India, giving rise to many varieties. Most of them are known by the places from where they are produced. Thus, there are host of trade names: Banares hemp (Benares hemp), Bengal hempBombay hemp (Salsette hemp), Itarsi hempKonkani hemp (Conkanee hemp), Jubbulpur hemp (Jubbalpore hemp), Madras hemp (Chennai hemp), Pilibhit hempSeoni hempTravancore flaxWarangel hemp
sunn hemp
~~~~~ ASSAMESE ~~~~~
আঁউচ aous
  • Flora of Assam Vol II by U N Kanjilal, P C Kanjilal, A Das
  • Many thanks to Ranjan Hazarika (facebook friend) for help with this name in native script
~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~
শনপাট shanpat
~~~~~ GUJARATI ~~~~~
શણ shan
~~~~~ HINDI ~~~~~
बिछुआ bichua, दीर्घपल्लव dirghpallav, जनब janab, मातुलानी matulani (OR मातुला matula OR मातुली matuli)
पटसन patsan
सन san
सनई sanai
~~~~~ KACHCHHI ~~~~~
સણ san
  • PLANTS OF CUTCH AND THEIR UTILITY by THAKAR, JAIKRISHNA INDRAJI, 1926
~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~
ಪುಂಡಿ pundi
ಸೆಣಬು senabu
  • ENVIS – FRLHT … also ಅಪ್ಸೆಣಬು apsenabu
  • Mandayam Digital Library – Latin and Kannada names of indigenous and medicinal plants of Mysore by S G Narsimhachar … also ಅಪ್ಸೆಣಬು apsenabu
~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~
धाकटी घागरी dhakati ghagari, सन san
सोणबु ಸೊಣಬು sonabu
~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~
ചണം chanam
കിലുകിലുപ്പ kilukiluppa
  • ENVIS – FRLHT … generic name for most of Crotalaria spp. meaning rattlebox
~~~~~ MANIPURI ~~~~~
ঊ হৱাঈ oo hawai
~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~
धाकटी घागरी dhakti ghagari
  • ENVIS – FRLHT
  • धाकटी dhakti = smaller; घागरी ghagari = morris bell or jingling ball (as of a child’s girdle, or as worn on the toes by dancing girls &c.) … A dictionary, Marathi and English by Molesworth, J. T. (James Thomas) … alludes to the sound, dried pods make when shaken
सन san
ताग tag
~~~~~ MIZO ~~~~~
tum-thang
~~~~~ NEPALI ~~~~~
छिनछिने chhinchhine, सनई sanai
~~~~~ ODIA ~~~~~
ଅତସୀ atasi, ଛଣପଟ chhanapata, ସମ୍ବତ୍ sambat, ଶଣ shana, ଶନପୁଷ୍ପୀ shanapushpi, ସ୍ବଳ୍ପ ଶବ୍ଦା swalpa shabda
~~~~~ PUNJABI ~~~~~
ਸਣ san, ਸੱਨੀ sanni
~~~~~ SANSKRIT ~~~~~
अतसी atasi, दीर्घपल्लव dirghapallava, मदगन्धा madagandha, माल्यपुष्प malyapuspa, मातुलानी matulani, शण shana
सामान्य शणपट्ट samanya shanapatta
  • Learn Sanskrit
  • सामान्य samanya = common; शणपट्ट shanapatta = hemp fabric; Crotalaria juncea is widely cultivated in India since olden times
~~~~~ SANTALI ~~~~~
ᱥᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱥᱳᱱ saci son, ᱠᱳᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤ san jari, ᱥᱳᱱ ᱠᱩᱫᱨᱩᱢ son kudrum

~~~~~ SINDHI ~~~~~

سِڻي
~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~
சணல் canal, சடம்பு catampu, கோனிப்பூடு koni-p-putu, குத்திரம் kuttiram, குத்து kuttu, மஞ்சி manci, நணந்தம் nanantam, நண்பன் nanpan, உமாதசி umataci (or உமதகி umataki), உத்திராபன்னி uttirapanni (or simply பன்னி panni)
வாக்குன்னார் vakkunnar
~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~
గిలకచెట్టు gilaka-chettu
గిలిగిచ్చ giligichcha
శణము shanamu
~~~~~ TULU ~~~~~
ತಲಂಬು talambu
~~~~~ URDU ~~~~~
بچهوا bichua, جنب janab, ماتلاني matulani (OR ماتلا matula OR ماتلي matuli), سن san
~~~~~ x ~~~~~


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identification261110sn1:
earlier it was id. as crotalaria, but the species was not identified for lack of other details I am mailing the photo of its pods this time along with the flower.
Date/time:nov10
Location:above lonavala, 3000ft.above sealevel
Habitat:wild
Plant habit-tree/shrub/climber/herb: tiny, may be herb
Height/length: not more than 6″
Leave type/shape/size
Fruits-type/shape/size/seeds pods attached
Other information-fragrance/pollinator uses etc.yellow flower

– may be Crotalaria juncea, but the habit makes some confusion. I think C. juncea is an erect plant and in the picture it does not seem to be erect. You better refer the revision on genus Crotalaria by Dr. A. A. Ansari for the confirmation.

-Pods give clue for this to be Crotalaria spectabilis?


Pods are closer to images at Crotalaria juncea L.



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id of this Crotalaria sp. is requested..
Location-Haryana; October2018

Sir it is very similar to C. juncea; please check.

Thanks, …, for the id.
To me also appear close to images at Crotalaria juncea L.

For me the Id is correct.

Yes for me too.


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Herb Id from Bangladesh_SM_1404 : 4 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (1)
Habitat:  Rocky river bed
Location: Sangu Matamuri Wildlife Sanctuary, Bandarban 
Flowering: February
Picture taken: February, 2019

Crotalaria juncea



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Fabaceae-Faboideae (Papilionaceae) Week :: DV-30MAR11-0743 :: Crotalaria at Coorg:
This Crotalaria is often found planted as an ornamental.
Place: in a resort garden (about 3705 ft asl) at Coorg
Time: Mar 30, 2011 at 7.43 am
Habit: erect herb
Habitat: garden.
Plant height: about 1m (possibly grows to a full height of 2m … will post separately full-grown at another place)
Flower size: about 25mm long, appears pale, thin like paper. The calyx is worth noting.

It looks like Crotalaria juncea to me.


Many thanks … for the ID; fits description put at FOI … http://www.flowersofindia.Sunn%20Hemp.html


Yes even to me Crotalaria juncea, host plant for many species of butterfly..


On closer examination of the stem it looks tetragonous whereas in C. juncea it is terete.
In view of the above kindly consider C. leptostachya Benth.


Thanks …. To me, the stems in the pictures look like striated (with longitudinal ridges), a feature also seen in C. juncea.
But let’s wait for more comments.
Thanks …, for the FOI link. But I fear the picture in this link- especially the std. petal- looks close to that of C. spectabilis. But, I may be wrong…
Pl also check this link for C. juncea: http://www.hear.org/starr/images/image/?q=090814-4352&o=plants



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Satara, MH :: Crotalaria juncea :: ARK2020-014 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (6) – around 800 kb each.
Saw this Crotalaria juncea near Satara, MH by the roadside in October 2019.

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Santali names of Crotalaria juncea L.:
Please help me with following Santali names of Crotalaria juncea L. in Ol Chiki script listed in A Santali-English dictionary by A. Campbell, of the Santal mission

  1. son kudrum
  2. saci son
  3. san jari OR son jari

Please take your own time.


I have mentioned all these names below, please have a look.
1.  son kudrum (ᱥᱳᱱ ᱠᱩᱫᱨᱩᱢ)
2. saci son (ᱥᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱥᱳᱱ)
3. san jari OR son jari (ᱠᱳᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤ)

my thanks to you always for helping me with names. Please provide help whenever you can. Compiling names is not time-bound, in fact, it is a continuous exercise. … follow-ups are a matter of his systematic routine. My thanks are always to him.




Sanora: 1 high res. image.
Can anyone tell me the botanical name of ‘sanora’.
This is the term used for a long (insect proof) stem used in central India.
Is it Crotalaria juncea?


I could not find any content related to flora for sanora in my available reference books and sites.


Looks more like Saccharum spontaneum


It is hard to tell from the photo but it is a dicot not monocot.
And I’m pretty sure now is Crotalaria juncea.


How are you so sure?
I could not find its use as a thatching material and it does not look like it as per images at Crotalaria juncea
On the other hand, Saccharum spontaneum images match and are used for thatching as per
https://www.easyayurveda.com/2017/10/08/kans-grass-saccharum-spontaneum-kasha/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270895659
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270895659 _Saccharum_spontaneum_an_underutilized _tall_grass_for_revegetation_and_ restoration_programs


Not used for thatching. Using as an under roof lining. For thatching yes Saccharum spontaneum used in MP but we use Munja grass Saccharum munja = Saccharum bengalense and apparently now correct name Tripidium bengalense.  Info comes from locals. Once the fibre is stripped off the inner stem remains which is what is seen inthe image. Used sometimes as fodder also. One local name given I see is sans which is quite close to sanora 🙂. But interestingly I also do not find anything written about this use on the net. If I find out more I will keep you posted!
bet

You may be right as per details (although I could not find the exact usage as told by you) at
https://www.britannica.com/plant/sunn
https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/proceedings1996/V3-389.html
Correct spelling will be ‘Sunn’.

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Fabaceae: Crotalaria juncea L.: 1 high res. image.
location/date: Tarubanda village, Melghat Wildlife Sanctuary, Amravati Distr., Maharashtra, November 1994



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