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Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz, Forest Fl. Burma 2: 171 1877. (Syn. Ophioxylon album Gaertn.; Ophioxylon obversum Miq.; Ophioxylon salutiferum Salisb.; Ophioxylon serpentinum L.; Ophioxylon trifoliatum Gaertn.; Rauvolfia obversa (Miq.) Baill.; Rauvolfia serpentina var. obversa (Miq.) Bakh. f.; Rauvolfia trifoliata (Gaertn.) Baill.);
25032011 pj3 sharing: Please take necessary steps to conserve its population in your area, and protect it from the illegal traders.
Rauwolfia serpentina from Herbal garden Samalkha Panipat:
Rauwolfia serpentina From Herbal Garden Samalkha Panipat Family: Apocynaceae (oleander family)
Rauvolfia serpentina = Rauwolfia serpentina !: An elaborate search in the net tells me that the accepted scientific name of this species would be Rauvolfia serpentina.
I wonder where from the name Rauwolfia serpentina came, as can be seen in many old edition of text books, and also in – http://kbd.kew.org/kbd/detailedresult.do?id=152609 , yet didn’t find any mention in http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-176968 ?
Habit & Habitat : herb, plant height 2 feet avg., wild & cultivated
Date : 25-07-2009 & 27-07-2009
Beautiful shots of Sarpgandha Thank you …, we also call it SARPAGANDHA in Bengali. We planted those sarpagandha in our school premises and in some of our students’ home-yard in 2009. Moreover, those saplings were collected from the wild. dont know about this one Yes & No! Yes, we too have one or two of these confusion. Our school is Vidyamandir, while on the other hand we do not say vidya as in normal practice. There is li and la-e-hraswi ! No, i didn’t see kahani yet! We had a discussion earlier on this issue. Dear … had answered this query. resolved? not really… Long time ago i read a a few lines about Alfred Nobel stating that he was afraid of mathematics in his childhood and that’s why he didn’t have any Nobel prize in Mathematics! There was another explanation too!
Don’t know if Linnaeus had same experience with the ‘W’ or not! poor mr Linnaeus,   Rauvolfia serpentina: This plant is growing in our garden at Tala Bandhavgarh Umariya M.P.
Hooghly Today : Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz : Attachments (5). 3 posts by 2 authors. It is very surprising that this plant is now known as SARPOGANDHA (সর্পগন্ধা) in Bengali. But, in earlier literature it is CHANDRAA (চন্দ্রা).
Besides its medicinal value, people believes that it deters snakes. Let us see what Roxburgh noted.
Please, see the text on the top of the page of the above link.
06072013 ASP 84 : Attachments (1). 2 posts by 2 authors.
Please ID this medicinal plant with purple/white flowers. Photo was taken in Sri Lanka in Dec 2012. This is Rauvolfia serpentina
06072013 ASP 83 : Attachments (1). 2 posts by 2 authors.
Please ID this medicinal herb with red flowers. Photo was taken in Sri Lanka in Dec 2012. Rauvolfia serpentina (Early fruiting stage)
Plant for ID (ii) : 3 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (7).
Found in Bangalore Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz [Apocynaceae]. Rauvolfia serpentina, Rare in Bangladesh Attached images are Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz collected in wild state.
Date :04.06.2014
Location: Assam
Family : Apocynaceae
Genus & species : Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz
Habitat: Grows wild on hill slopes
Distribution : rare Well, okay. Please carry on
Plant For ID : Jim Corbett,Uttarakhand : 070614 : AK-16 : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (2).
A small plant seen growing wild near the waterfalls on 18/5/14. Is this Rauvolfia serpentina? Yes it is. It is found in the area as wild. . HAL 6 2014/12/18 : 3 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (1).
Please ID this small shrub. Photo was taken in Sri Lanka in Mar 2013. Rauvolfia serpentina. Instinctively looks like Rauvolfia serpentina. Closer look in the field will confirm ID.
Seems Rauvolfia serpentina…!!
Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz (accepted name) ??? : 5 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (2)
Location: Kurintar, Chitwan, Nepal
Altitude: 900 ft.
Date: 13 April 2012
Accepted name. Is it frequent there? This was my first sight but I believe it is abundant in moist forest from msl to 1200 m. Nepali Names : चाँद मरुवा chaand maruwa / सर्पगन्धा sarpagandhaa
Date: April 15, 2018 … Altitude: about 15 m (50 feet) asl
Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz
Rauvolfia serpentina at Amarkantak forest department nursery, Madhya Pradesh : 3 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (5)
Kindly confirm Rauvolfia serpentina, photographed in July 2018 at the Amarkantak forest department nursery, Madhya Pradesh.
nice to see active nursery stock but did not the botanists at the forest dept or the nursery itself verify the seed source and identify them ??? as consumers we rely on such horticultural expertise? is that reliance correct?
Shrub for identification! : 18 posts by 8 authors. Attachments (1)- 3 mb.
Could you please help identifying this species?
Photographed in August 26, 2018,
Observed in floor of Sal forest.
Elevation 700m, midhills, central Nepal.
Thanks, …, Do you have any image showing full plant? yes full plant would help Here is the one I have. I focussed only on fruiting part. Did not take full plant. Its lesson for future. It was only 40-60 cm tall.
Attachments (1)- 3 mb. Rutaceae. ??
Can this be Rauvolfia serpentina? Thanks, …, I feel may be some Rubiaceae member. I was a bit too slow. I see that Rauvolfia serpentina has already been suggested No doubt…. Rauwolfia serpentina only Thank you. It could be some species close to Rauwolfia serpentina.
Or it could be some plant from rubiaceae. Had it been Rubiaceae, the calyx lobed would have been seen over the top of the fruit… so it is Apocynaceae… Good observation …; I endorse with you. so my first impression was ok. yet in the pictures, the fruits berries seem “jointed”. does that bother anyone or is it just the angle of photo In Apocynaceae family there is a tendency for ovaries to be apocarpous though style and stigma are fused
thanks for the scientific reason. did you look at the fruits i have question about I guess it is Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz only. url
Rauwolfia serpentina – efloraofindia | Google Groups
RAUVOLFIA SERPENTINA : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (4)
Attaching four collages of Rauvolfia serpentina (SARPAGANDHA).
RAUVOLFIA SERPENTINA : 6 posts by 5 authors. Attachments (1)
Attaching a collage of Rauvolfia serpentina with flowers and fruits.
. Rauvolfia serpentina AT/JUNE2020/13 : 2 posts by 2 authors.
Details on Sarpagandha
Plant for ID : Nasik : 30OCT20 : AK-54 : 3 posts by 2 authors. Rauvolfia serpentina .    179 ID wild plant Rauvolfia: 16 images. Please ID wild plant,
Location: near Reserve Forest, Chathamattom, Ernakulam District, (Kochi) Kerala PIN:686671 Altitude: 1400fsl Flower date: 30.10.2021, 01.00pm Habitat: wild moisture Plant habit: small shrub, erect, branches, hard stem 07mm base diameter, perennial, strange smelled latex Height: 03 feet Leaves: opposite but quadrant petiole, ovate, oblong, apex, wavy margins, strange smell when crushed, bitter taste, size:18×7cm or less Flower: racemose, clustered, diameter:12mm, white, non fragrant Fruit: globular, single/twins, green into deep blue, diameter:01cm, edible but haven’t taste Seed: brown, single/twins, irregular pear shaped size:6×4x3mm Camera: mobile Samsung Galaxy A21s Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz Yes, it is dear …, thank you very much for ID my plant, . Apocynaceae: Rauvolfia serpentina Benth. ex Kurz: 2 high res. images. .
Names of Plants in India :: Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz: 1 image.
Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz raau-FO-feeah — named in honour of Leonhard Rauwolf [↗], German physician, botanist, and traveller … Dave’s Botanary
ser-pen-TEE-nuh — referring to a snake … Dave’s Botanary . commonly known as: Indian snakeroot, insanity herb • Ahom: সৰ্পগন্ধা sarpagandha • Assamese: আৰাচন তিতা arachon-tita, চান্দৰ তিতা chandor tita, চন্দ্ৰমূল chondromul, গুমুনি gumuni, সৰ্পগন্ধা xorpogondha • Bengali: চন্দ্রা chandra, কুলেন kulein, সর্পগন্ধা sarpagandha • Birhor: दारु जिकि पोटा daru jiki pota • Bodo: चान्दो गुखा chando gukha • Bru: chandoma • Chepang: chyarangro • Dimasa: अरगमगजाओ argamgajao • Dogri: सप्पगंधी sappa-gandhi • Garo: dougrikme • Gujarati: નોળવેલ મોટી nolvel moti, સર્પગંધા sarpagandha • Hajong: চান্দো তিতা chando tita • Haryanvi: सर्पगंधा sarpagandha • Hindi: चंद्रभागा chandrabhaga, छोटा चांद chhota-chand, नाकुली nakuli, नाकुलीकंद nakulikanda, रास्ना rasna, सर्पगंधा sarpagandha • Hmar: thingzungkha • Kachari: बिर्शी-वाथी birshi-wathi • Kannada: ಚಂದ್ರಿಕೆ chandrike, ಗರುಡಪಾತಾಳ garudapaathaalaa, ಹಡಕಿ hadaki, ಸರ್ಪಗಂಧ sarpagandha, ಶಿವನಾಭಿ shivanaabhi, ಸೂತ್ರನಾಭಿ sutranaabhi • Karbi: jowansu, methan krokdi • Khasi: todong-pait-parao • Kol: छेडाबाग chhedabag • Konkani: अडकी adaki, अटकी atki, मोटवी आलूस motvi alus, सर्पगंधा sarpagandha • Kuki: karti • Malayalam: അമൽപ്പൊരി amalpori, ചുവന്നവിൽപുരി chuvannavilpuri, സർപ്പഗന്ധി sarpagandhi, താളൂന്നി thalunni, വണ്ടുവാഴ vanduvazha • Manipuri: ꯆꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯚꯥꯒꯥ chandrabhaga • Marathi: हडकी hadaki, नाकुली nakuli, सर्पगंधा sarpagandha • Mech: खारु-खु kharu-khu • Mishing: আৰাচোৰি তিতা arachori tita • Mizo: rullturzung, thi-sen-sang-damdawi, thingzungkha • Mundari: सुपुरोलिद supurolid • Nepali: चाँद मरुवा chaand maruwaa, सर्पगन्धा sarpagandhaa • Nyishi: sarpagandha • Odia: ଚନ୍ଦ୍ରିକା chandrika, ଗନ୍ଧରାସ୍ନା gandharasna, ମାର୍ଜାରୀ marjari, ନାକୁଳୀ nakuli, ପାତାଳ ଗରୁଡ଼ patala garuda, ସହଦେବା sahadeba, ସର୍ପଗନ୍ଧା sarpagandha, ସୁଗନ୍ଧା sugandha • Pahari: सर्पगंधा sarpagandha • Punjabi: ਸਰਪਗੰਧਾ sarpagandha • Rabha: চান্দো তিতা chando tita, টুকুৰ-চালিমাই tukur-salimai • Rajasthani: सर्पगन्धा sarpagandha • Rangpuri: চান্দো তিতা chando tita • Sanskrit: चन्द्रिका chandrika, नाकुली nakuli, पातालगरुडी patalagarudi, सर्पगन्धा sarpagandha • Santali: ᱪᱟᱱᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱫ chandu god, ᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ ᱜᱟᱹᱨᱩᱲ patal garur • Tamil: சோவன்னமில்பொரி covannamilpori, சூத்திரநாபி cuttiranapi • Telugu: దుంప రసాయన dumpa rasna, కొరి వేరు kori veru, పాతాళ గంధి pathala gandhi, పాతాళ గని pathala gani, పాతాళ గరుడ pathala garuda, సర్ప గంధి sarpagandhi • Tharu: बरुवा baruwa • Tibetan: ན་གུ་ལ na gu la • Tulu: ಸರ್ಪಗಂಧೊ sarpagandho • Urdu: چھوٹا چاند chhota chand, راسنا rasna, سرپگندھا sarp-gandha, ناکلي nakuli
known for / parts made use of: the roots and root bark, the leaves, the rhizomes and stems … compiled from the web botanical names: Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz … homotypic synonyms: Ophioxylon serpentinum L. … and more at POWO, retrieved October 03, 2026 TAXONOMIC NOTE
Rauvolfia & Rauwolfia While strict botanical taxonomy dictates that Rauvolfia (with a “v”) is the only validly published genus name according to modern rules of nomenclature, Rauwolfia (with a “w”) remains deeply embedded in commercial trade and medical literature. This creates an interesting parallel usage where the taxonomically correct spelling is often overshadowed by its unauthorized, “corrected” counterpart. Because early pharmaceutical research and the landmark discovery of reserpine were heavily documented under the “w” variant, scientific and medical journals continue to favour it, allowing an orthographic error to command a larger following than the officially recognized botanical name. … compiled from the web.
Bibliography / etymology / notes
Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will. The bits about the languages of India mentioned below are merely some bare facts gathered from the internet; just enough to satisfy curiosity about “where” could the listed names be best prevalent in India. All English transliterated names to be taken sensu amplo.
~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~
written and spoken widely, in most parts of India
Indian snakeroot, insanity herb
~~~~~ AHOM ~~~~~
written in: Ahom, Latin, Assamese … mainly used by priests and scholars for religious and educational purposes; spoken in: erstwhile Ahom kingdom (some part in present day Assam) … other names for this language: Tai-Ahom
সৰ্পগন্ধা sarpagandha
~~~~~ ASSAMESE ~~~~~
written in: Assamese (অসমীয়া) … spoken in: Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya
আৰাচন তিতা arachon-tita
চান্দৰ তিতা chandor tita
চন্দ্ৰমূল chondromul
গুমুনি gumuni
সৰ্পগন্ধা xorpogondha
~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~
written in: Bengali (বাংলা) … spoken in: West Bengal, Assam, Jharkhand, Tripura, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
চন্দ্রা chandra
কুলেন kulein
সর্পগন্ধা sarpagandha
~~~~~ BIRHOR ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (बिरहोर) … spoken in: Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal, Odisha, Maharastra, Bihar … spoken by: the Birhor or Birhul people
दारु जिकि पोटा daru jiki pota
~~~~~ BODO ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari or Latin … spoken in: Assam … other names for this language: Boro
चान्दो गुखा chando gukha
~~~~~ BRU ~~~~~
written in: Roman, Bengali, Anji (indigenous script, their sacred heritage) … spoken in: Tripura, Mizoram and Assam … other names for this language: Kau Bru / Kaubru / Riang … spoken by: Reang / Riang / Bru
chandoma
~~~~~ CHEPANG ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (च्योःबाङ्) … spoken in: Indo-Nepal Terai (Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh), Eastern Himalayas (Assam, Sikkim, West Bengal) … spoken by: the Chepang (or Chewang, Chewang, Chybang, Kachharge, Praja, Tsepang) people
chyarangro
~~~~~ DIMASA ~~~~~
written in: Bengali-Assamese, Devanagari, Latin … spoken in: Assam, Nagaland … other names for this language: Hill Kachari … spoken by: Dimasa people
अरगमगजाओ argamgajao
~~~~~ DOGRI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (डोगरी) … spoken in: Jammu & Kashmir … spoken by the Dogras
सप्पगंधी sappa-gandhi
~~~~~ GARO ~~~~~
written in: Roman, Bengali-Assamese, A-Chik Tok’birim … spoken in: Meghalaya, Assam
dougrikme
~~~~~ GUJARATI ~~~~~
written in: Gujarati (ગુજરાતી) … spoken in: Gujarat, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu
નોળવેલ મોટી nolvel moti, સર્પગંધા sarpagandha
~~~~~ HAJONG ~~~~~
written in: Bengali-Assamese (হাজং), Latin … spoken in: Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, and West Bengal
চান্দো তিতা chando tita
~~~~~ HARYANVI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (हरियाणवी or हरयाणवी) … spoken in: Haryana, Delhi
सर्पगंधा sarpagandha
~~~~~ HINDI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (हिन्दी) … spoken in: Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand
चंद्रभागा chandrabhaga, नाकुलीकंद nakulikanda
छोटा चांद chhota-chand, सर्पगंधा sarpagandha
नाकुली nakuli, रास्ना rasana
~~~~~ HMAR ~~~~~
written in: Roman (Hmar Hawrawp) … spoken in: Mizoram, Manipur, Assam, Tripura, and Meghalaya
thingzungkha
~~~~~ KACHARI ~~~~~
written in: Bengali-Assamese, Devanagari, Latin … spoken in: Assam, Nagaland … other names for this language: Cachari, Plains Kachari (Boro or Bara) and Hill Kachari (Dimasa)
बिर्शी-वाथी birshi-wathi
~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~
written in: Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ) … spoken in: Karnataka
ಚಂದ್ರಿಕೆ chandrike (or ಚಂದ್ರಕ chandraka), ಶಿವನಾಭಿ shivanaabhi, ಸೂತ್ರನಾಭಿ sutranaabhi
ಗರುಡಪಾತಾಳ garudapaathaalaa (or ಗರುಡಪಾತಾಳಿ garudapaathaali)
ಹಡಕಿ hadaki
ಸರ್ಪಗಂಧ sarpagandha (or ಸರ್ಪಗಂಧಿ sarpagandhi)
~~~~~ KARBI ~~~~~
written in: Roman … spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland … other names for this language: Mikir or Arleng
jowansu
methan krokdi
~~~~~ KHASI ~~~~~
written in: Latin (Khasi alphabet), Bengali-Assamese … spoken in: Meghalaya, Assam
todong-pait-parao
~~~~~ KOL ~~~~~
written in: Warang Chiti (or Barang Kshiti, Varang Kshiti), Devanagari … spoken in: Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, West Bengal … spoken by: Kol people
छेडाबाग chhedabag
~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (कोंकणी) / Kannada (ಕೊಂಕಣಿ) / Malayalam (കൊങ്കണി) / Perso-Arabic (کونکنی) / Romi (Konknni) … spoken in: Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala, Gujarat
अडकी adaki (or हडकी hadaki)
अटकी atki, मोटवी आलूस motvi alus (or मोटवी आलूश motvi alush)
सर्पगंधा sarpagandha
~~~~~ KUKI ~~~~~
written in: Roman … spoken in: Manipur, Assam, Nagaland … other names for this language:Thado, Thado-Pao, Thado-Ubiphei, Thaadou Kuki
karti
~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~
written in: Malayalam (മലയാളം) … spoken in: Kerala, Lakshadweep
അമൽപ്പൊരി amalpori
ചുവന്നവിൽപുരി chuvannavilpuri
സർപ്പഗന്ധി sarpagandhi
താളൂന്നി thalunni
വണ്ടുവാഴ vanduvazha
~~~~~ MANIPURI ~~~~~
written in: Meiteilon (ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ), Bengali-Assamese … spoken in: Manipur … other names for this language: Meetei
ꯆꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯚꯥꯒꯥ chandrabhaga
~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (मराठी) … spoken in: Maharashtra, Karnataka
हडकी hadaki, सर्पगंधा sarpagandha
नाकुली nakuli
~~~~~ MECH ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari, Roman … spoken by: Mech people (Bodos of north West Bengal)
खारु-खु kharu-khu
~~~~~ MISHING ~~~~~
written in: Latin, Assamese, Devanagari … spoken in: Assam, Arunachal Pradesh … other names for this language: Mising, Plains Miri
আৰাচোৰি তিতা arachori tita
~~~~~ MIZO ~~~~~
written in: Latin, Bengali-Assamese … spoken in: Mizoram … other names for this language: Lushai, Duhlian
rullturzung
thi-sen-sang-damdawi
thingzungkha
~~~~~ MUNDARI ~~~~~
written in: Mundari Bani, Odia, Devanagari, Bengali, Latin … spoken in: Jharkhand, Odisha
सुपुरोलिद supurolid
~~~~~ NEPALI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (नेपाली) … spoken in: Nepal, West Bengal, Assam, Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu & Kashmir
चाँद मरुवा chaand maruwaa, सर्पगन्धा sarpagandhaa
~~~~~ NYISHI ~~~~~
written in: Latin … spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam … spoken by the Daffla (or Dafla) tribe, now known as Nyishi tribe … other names for this language: Nishi, Nisi, Nishang, Nissi, Nyising, Leil, Aya, Akang, Bangni-Bangru, Solung
sarpagandha
~~~~~ ODIA ~~~~~
written in: Odia (ଓଡ଼ିଆ) … spoken in: Odisha, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
ଚନ୍ଦ୍ରିକା chandrika
ପାତାଳ ଗରୁଡ଼ patala garuda
ଗନ୍ଧରାସ୍ନା gandharasna, ମାର୍ଜାରୀ marjari, ନାକୁଳୀ nakuli, ସହଦେବା sahadeba, ସୁଗନ୍ଧା sugandha
ସର୍ପଗନ୍ଧା sarpagandha
~~~~~ PAHARI (or PAHADI) ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (पहाड़ी), Perso-Arabic (پہاڑی) … variety of languages, dialects and language groups, spoken in Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand
सर्पगंधा sarpagandha
~~~~~ PUNJABI ~~~~~
written in: Gurmukhi (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ) … spoken in: Punjab
ਸਰਪਗੰਧਾ sarpagandha
~~~~~ RABHA ~~~~~
written in: Assamese (ৰাভা), Bengali, English … spoken in: Assam, Nagaland, West Bengal, Meghalaya
চান্দো তিতা chando tita, টুকুৰ-চালিমাই tukur-salimai
~~~~~ RAJASTHANI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (राजस्थानी) … spoken in: Rajasthan
सर्पगन्धा sarpagandha
~~~~~ RANGPURI ~~~~~
written in: Bengali-Assamese (রংপুরী, কোচ-ৰাজবংশী, দেশী), Devanagari (रंगपुरी) … spoken in: Bangladesh, north Bengal, lower Assam … other names for this language: Anchalit, Bahe, Deshi, Koch-Rajbongshi
চান্দো তিতা chando tita
~~~~~ SANSKRIT ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (संस्कृतम्) … used all over India by priests and scholars
चन्द्रिका chandrika
नाकुली nakuli, पातालगरुडी patalagarudi, सर्पगन्धा sarpagandha
~~~~~ SANTALI ~~~~~
written in: Ol Chiki (ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ), Bengali (সাঁওতালী), Odia (ସାନ୍ତାଳୀ), Devanagari (सान्ताली), Roman … spoken in: Jharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha
ᱪᱟᱱᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱫ chandu god
ᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ ᱜᱟᱹᱨᱩᱲ patal garur
~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~
written in: Tamil (தமிழ்) … spoken in: Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
சோவன்னமில்பொரி covannamilpori, சூத்திரநாபி cuttiranapi
~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~
written in: Telugu ( తెలుగు) … spoken in: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Puducherry
దుంప రసాయన dumpa rasna, కొరి వేరు kori veru, పాతాళ గంధి pathala gandhi, పాతాళ గని pathala gani, పాతాళ గరుడ pathala garuda, సర్ప గంధి sarpagandhi
~~~~~ THARU ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (थारु) … spoken in: Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar … spoken by: the Tharu community … pronounced in Hindi as: Tharuva (Hindi: थरुवा)
बरुवा baruwa
~~~~~ TIBETAN ~~~~~
written in: Tibetan … spoken in: Tibet, Jammu, Kashmir & Ladakh, Karnataka, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bhutan
ན་གུ་ལ na gu la
~~~~~ TULU ~~~~~
written in: Tigalari (Tulu) was used for writing Vedic texts in Sanskrit, Kannada (ತುಳು), Malayalam (തുളു) … spoken in: Karnataka, north Kerala
ಸರ್ಪಗಂಧೊ sarpagandho
~~~~~ URDU ~~~~~
written in: Urdu (اردو) … spoken in: Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Bihar, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka
چھوٹا چاند chhota chand, راسنا rasana, سرپگندھا sarp-gandha, ناکلي nakuli
~~~~~ KNOWN DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~
Andaman islands, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Karnataka, Lakshadweep islands, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Odisha, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal
~~~~~ Created on: 13:13 03-10-2026 ¦ Last updated: 21:46 06-10-2026 (DD-MM-YYYY) ~~~~~
Names compiled / updated at https://dineshvalke.blogspot.com/2026/10/rauvolfia-serpentina-l-benth-ex-kurz.html
both Malayalam and English names are correct. . References:
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Rauvolfia serpentina
Updated on October 16, 2026