Rhizophora mucronata

Rhizophora mucronata Lam., Encycl. 6: 189 189 1804. (Syn: Rhizophora candelaria Wall.; Rhizophora longissima Blanco; Rhizophora macrorrhiza Griff.; Rhizophora mangle Roxb.; Rhizophora mucronata f. reducta Hochr.; Rhizophora rugens Ehrenb. ex Schweinf.);
,
NE-Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.), Bioko Isl. (Fernando Poo), Cameroon, Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland), Taiwan, Ryukyu Isl., Seychelles, Madagascar, Comoros (Mayotte, etc.), New Caledonia, Fiji, Vanuatu, peninsular Malaysia (all coasts), Singapore, Thailand, India, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Philippines (throughout), Borneo, Lesser Sunda Isl., Moluccas, New Guinea, Andamans (North Andamans, Middle Andamans, South Andamans, Little Andaman Isl.), Nicobars (Car Nicobar Isl., North Nicobars, Central Nicobars, Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.), Myanmar [Burma] (Ayeyarwady, Taninthayi), Java, Pakistan (Baluchistan, Sind, Indus Delta), Maldives, Bangladesh, Gilbert Isl. (Butaritari, Tarawa, Aranuka, Nonouti, Onotoa), Marshall Isl. (Ailinglapalap), Micronesia (Yap, Faraulap, Woleai, Ifaluk, Truk, Moen, Todiu, Romonum, Dublon, Tol, Udot, Fefan, Losap, Namoluk, Etal, Satawan, Lukunor, Pohnpei, Pingelap, Kosrae), Palau Isl. (Babeldaob, Koror), Southern
Marianas (Guam), Tonga (Vava’u), Egypt (SE-Egypt), Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir), Yemen (W-Yemen: Tihama) as per Catalogue of Life;
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ree-ZOH-for-uh — bearing roots, referring to the typical aerial roots … Dave’s Botanary
muh-kron-AH-tuh — with a short tip … Dave’s Botanary
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commonly known as: Asiatic mangrove, boriti poles, loop-root mangrove, red mangrove, simple-cymed mangrove • Bengali: ভারা bhara, গর্জন garjan, খামু khamu • Gujarati: કાંડેલ kandel, કરાડ karad • Kannada: ಕಾಂದಲೆ kandale, ನಿಜ ಕಂಡ್ಲಾ nija kaandla, ಓಳ್ಳೇ ಕಂಡ್ಲಾ olle kaandla, ಉಪ್ಪು ಕಾಂಡ್ಲೆ uppu kandle • Konkani: कांदळं kamdalam • Malayalam: പനച്ചിക്കണ്ടൽ panachikkandal, പീക്കണ്ടൽ peekkandal, പ്രാന്തൻ കണ്ടൽ praanthan kandal • Marathi: डुंबी dumbi, कामो kamo, कांदळ kandal, कुरनो kurano • Odia: ରାଇ ଗଛ rai gachha • Tamil: கண்டல் kantal, பேய்க்கண்டல் pey-k-kantal • Telugu: అడవి పొన్న adavi ponna, కండ్ల kandla, మంచి పొన్న manci ponna, ఉప్పు పొన్న uppu ponna • Tulu: ಕಾಂಡ್ಲ kaandla
Names compiled / updated at https://dineshvalke.blogspot.com/2024/06/rhizophora-mucronata-poir.html
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As per efi thread :
R.mucronata since the corolla is hairy. In case of R.apiculata, the corolla is glabrous.
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Request for ID….
Date/Time- 05th April 2010, 08.20 a.m.
Location- Place, Altitude, GPS-  Vellas, Tahasil- Mandangad, Dist. Ratnagiri, Maharashtra  वेळास, ता.- मंडणगड, जि.- रत्नागिरी, महाराष्‍ट्र
Habitat- Garden/ Urban/ Wild/ Type- Close to Sea shore
Plant Habit- Tree/ Shrub/ Climber/ Herb-  Tree
This looks like Rhizophora mucronata.
Family: Rhizophoraceae.

I also think this plant is Rhizophora mucronata from the Family Rhizophoraceae.

This tree is Rhizophora mucronata Poir.
Tamil Name: Khandal

A bit more information regarding Rhizophora mucronata.
This is one of the Mangrove species and so found in marshy areas.
mucronata is due to the ‘mucronate apex’ i.e. spiny tip forming at apex of leaf emerging out actually from lower side of leaf.
There are two good articles found for R. mucronata. Pls have look at it
Purdue
Rhizophora mucronata
Family: Rhizophoraceae
pics taken in the mangrove forests at Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary, Chorao island, Goa in Feb 2009.
More tolerant of sandy and firmer ground than other Rhizophoras.
Grows well in soft mud too and is believed to be among the few that can survive complete daily inundation.
Fruits: Brown, leathery, oval/conical fruit. The seed germinates in the fruit forming a seedling up to 60cm long. The seedling grows straight, has a warty bumpy surface and a pointed tip.
Leaves: Leaf stipule yellowish. Tiny black spots on the underside of the leaf.
Roots: All Rhizophora species have arching stilt roots that emerge from the trunk, hence their scientific name Rhizophora which means “root bearer” in Greek.
These roots not only hold up the tree in soft mud, but are also permeable to gases, while remaining impermeable to salts. In fact, the entire upper root system including the trunk and prop roots that emerge from the branches have this feature. Thus the roots also help the tree to breathe.
Kindly help to id this mangrove tree.
Is this Rhizophora sp.?

Date/Time-

 

13/5/2008 2:00 pm

Location- Place, Altitude, GPS-

 

Cuddalore Dist, TN (near Pondicherry)

Habitat- Garden/ Urban/ Wild/ Type-

 

Estuarine

Plant Habit- Tree/ Shrub/ Climber/ Herb-  

 

Midsized tree

Height/Length-

 

up to 5 m

Leaves Type/ Shape/ Size-

 

leathery; elliptic; mucronate tip

Inflorescence Type/ Size-

 

cyme

Flowers Size/ Colour/ Calyx/ Bracts-

 

2.5 -3 cm across; yellow; polypetalae

Fruits Type/ Shape/ Size Seeds-

 

5 – 7cm long; vivipary observed;

Other Information like Fragrance, Pollinator, Uses etc.-

prop roots

Yes it is R. mucronata, the corollas have fallen off and only 4 lobed persistent calyx can be seen.

As we went deeper and deeper into the Pichavaram waters, (Chidambaram, Chennai,Tamil Nadu) we could see clearly the mangroves. On enquiring its name, Ezhumalai rattled off the words “Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora muconata and avicennia” – the scientific name of these trees and proceeded to inform us that this type of vegetation could be found in only two places in India – the Sunderbans and in Pichavaram. And finally we were able to get a good look at the mangroves. Half submerged in water, it seemed to rest as if on its branches while the leaves looked green, shiny and rather appealing. On closer inspection we noticed that the tree sprouts a stem which grows and embeds itself into the ground or should we say the waters. Just the way the branches of the banyan tree grow and pierce the ground to become roots below. No beginning and no end. That’s what even the mangroves looked like.
Travelogue and some more photographs on
May 23, 2008
Pichavaram , Chidambaram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu)
Do I understand that your message says that mangroves are only found in two places of India — the Sunderbans and in Pichavaram ?
OR am I missing some context?

India has about 4000 sq. km of Mangroves, about 50% of which falls in Sundarbans, a sizeable chunk can be found in Gujarat (mainly in Kuchchh area) and Andaman Nicobar Islands  (Gujarat and A&N= together about 30%), rest mainly in Orissa (Mahanadi delta), Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra (Together about 15%). Scattered are some patches in Goa, Kerala; TN and other places. Some claim more species diversity in Gujarat than Sundarbans, others refute. Bangladesh has the largest mangrove tract.

Thanks for the relevant information, …
Intention of querying was to check for any misunderstanding.

The plant showing vivipary seems to me a Rhizophora sp. possibly  R. mucronata

Thanks, …. It appears like what you stated.
Here are links for Rhizophora mucronata (Asiatic Mangrove):
Naturia &
Nus (details with pictures).
We at Thane are also lucky in having a mangrove belt as we have the creek coming from Arabian sea on two sides from Trombay and Bassein creek as well as we have an estuary Of Ulhas river which flows down towards Arabian sea as a result we have mangroves  that need more of fresh water like Rhizophora as well mangroves that grow well in more saline waters like Avicennia marina in addition there is good number of Sonneretia  trees also.

Came across this Mangrove tree at the backwaters near Ganapatipule. The roots and fruits (Seed pods?) looks unique. Could this be Rhizophora mangle, i.e. Red mangrove plant ?

Botanical name:

Rhizophora sp??

Family:

Rhizophoraceae ?

Date/Time- 

28-03-2010 /10:40 AM

Location- Place, Altitude, GPS-  

Back water near Ganapatipule- Ratnagiri

Habitat- Garden/ Urban/ Wild/ Type- 

Wild (Mangrove Plant)

Plant Habit- Tree/ Shrub/ Climber/ Herb-   

Tree

Height/Length-  

2 to 8

Leaves Type/ Shape/ Size-

Thick and looks like in whorl (Photograph enclosed)

Inflorescence Type/ Size-  

Not known

Flowers Size/ Colour/ Calyx/ Bracts- 

Not known

Fruits Type/ Shape/ Size Seeds- 

Elongated pod (around 30 cm llong). (Photograph enclosed).

I hope this plant is Rhizophora mucronata, very common around the place you are denoting.

… has identified this plant as Rhizophora mucronata.

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Rhizophora mucronata from Devgad:  Sharing a flower pic. of a Mangrove tree Rhizophora mucronata (Family: Rhizophoraceae).
Location: Devgad, Maharashtra.
Habitat: Wild (Mangrove)
Plant Habit: Tree.
Kindly have a look at the link for photographs of Habitat and Tree.
 /wp-content/uploads/2020/10/7204554678_1ac231c286_k.jpg

Names of Plants in India :: Rhizophora mucronata Lam.:
Rhizophora mucronata Lam. … (family: Rhizophoraceae)

Flowers of India Discussions at efloraofindia more views in flickr more views on Google Earth
ree-ZOH-for-uh — bearing roots, referring to the typical aerial roots
muh-kron-AH-tuh — with a short tip … Dave’s Botanary
commonly known as: Asiatic mangrove, boriti poles, loop-root mangrove, red mangrove, simple cymed mangrove• Bengali: ¿ ভারা ? bhara, গর্জন garjan • Gujarati: કરોડ karod • Kannada: ¿ ಕಾಂದಳೆ ? kandale, ನಿಜ ¿ ಕಾಂದಳೆ ? nija kandale, ಒಳ್ಳೆ ¿ ಕಾಂದಳೆ ? olle kandale • Konkani: ¿ कोंदळं ? komdalam • Malayalam: പനച്ചിക്കണ്ടല്‍ panaccikkantal • Marathi: कामोडुंबी kamodumbi, कांदळ kandal • Oriya: ରାଇ ଗଛ rai gachha • Tamil: கண்டல் kantal, பேய்க்கண்டல் pey-k-kantal • Telugu: అడవి పొన్న adavi ponna, మంచి పొన్న manci ponna, ఉప్పు పొన్న uppu ponna
botanical names: Rhizophora mucronata Lam. … synonyms: Mangium candelarium Rumphius • Rhizophora candelaria Wight & Arn. • Rhizophora longissima Blanco • Rhizophora macrorrhiza Griff. … The Plants List
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
Photographed at Devgad, Sindhudurg, Maharashtra … 12 MAY 12
… more views on flickr.

Could you guide me on how to tag the images with google earth KML file. I recently acquired Garmin GPS adn would like to follow the same practice.

I use Picmeta PhotoTracker … http://www.picmeta.com/download.htm

Download the software (hopefully, freeware yet)
Install
Open
You should be able to proceed from here.

Update, names revised / added …
commonly known as: Asiatic mangrove, boriti poles, loop-root mangrove, red mangrove, simple cymed mangrove • Bengali: ভারা bhara, গর্জন garjan, ঝানা jhana, খামু khamu • Gujarati: કરોડ karod • Kannada: ಕಾಂದಲೆ kandale, ನಿಜ ಕಂಡ್ಲಾ nija kaandla, ಓಳ್ಳೇ ಕಂಡ್ಲಾ olle kaandla • Konkani: कोंदळं komdalam • Malayalam: പനച്ചിക്കണ്ടല്‍ panachchikkantal, പ്രാന്തൻ കണ്ടൽ pranthankantal • Marathi: डुंबी dumbi, कामो kamo, कांदळ kandal, कुरनो kurano • Oriya: ରାଇ ଗଛ rai gachha • Tamil: கண்டல் kantal, பேய்க்கண்டல் pey-k-kantal • Telugu: అడవి పొన్న adavi ponna, కండ్ల kandla, మంచి పొన్న manci ponna, పొన్న ponna, ఉప్పు పొన్న uppu ponna • Tulu: ಕಂಡ್ಲಾ kaandla

ree-ZOH-for-uh — bearing roots, referring to the typical aerial roots … Dave’s Botanary

muh-kron-AH-tuh — with a short tip … Dave’s Botanary

commonly known as: Asiatic mangrove, boriti poles, loop-root mangrove, red mangrove, simple-cymed mangrove • Bengali: ভারা bhara, গর্জন garjan, খামু khamu • Gujarati: કાંડેલ kandel, કરાડ karad • Kannada: ಕಾಂದಲೆ kandale, ನಿಜ ಕಂಡ್ಲಾ nija kaandla, ಓಳ್ಳೇ ಕಂಡ್ಲಾ olle kaandla, ಉಪ್ಪು ಕಾಂಡ್ಲೆ uppu kandle • Konkani: कांदळं kamdalam • Malayalam: പനച്ചിക്കണ്ടൽ panacchikkandal, പീക്കണ്ടൽ peekkandal, പ്രാന്തൻ കണ്ടൽ praanthan kandal • Marathi: डुंबी dumbi, कामो kamo, कांदळ kandal, कुरनो kurano • Odia: ରାଇ ଗଛ rai gachha • Tamil: கண்டல் kantal, பேய்க்கண்டல் pey-k-kantal • Telugu: అడవి పొన్న adavi ponna, కండ్ల kandla, మంచి పొన్న manci ponna, ఉప్పు పొన్న uppu ponna • Tulu: ಕಾಂಡ್ಲ kaandla

botanical names: Rhizophora mucronata Poir. … heterotypic synonyms: Rhizophora latifolia Miq. • Rhizophora longissima Blanco • Rhizophora macrorrhiza Griff. … and more at POWO, retrieved 21 June 2024

Bibliography / etymology
Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals / websites have a tendency to re-organize / revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will.

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~
written and spoken widely, in most parts of India
Asiatic mangrove
  • Wikipedia – The Free Encyclopedia … much of the natural distribution of this mangrove is on coasts of Asia
boriti poles
loop-root mangrove
red mangrove
simple-cymed mangrove
  • Tamil lexicon [Madras], University of Madras … the name descriptive of the type of inflorescence; such names are often given to help distinguish visually, the close species of the genus
~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~
written in: Bengali (বাংলা) … spoken in: West Bengal, Assam, Jharkhand, Tripura, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
ভারা bhara, খামু khamu
গর্জন garjan
  • Indian Mangroves – ENVIS Resource Partner (RP) on Biodiversity – Botanical Survey of India
~~~~~ GUJARATI ~~~~~
written in: Gujarati (ગુજરાતી) … spoken in: Gujarat, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu
કાંડેલ kandel
કરાડ karad
~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~
written in: Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ) … spoken in: Karnataka
ಕಾಂದಲೆ kandale
ನಿಜ ಕಾಂಡ್ಲ nija kaandla, ಓಳ್ಳೇ ಕಾಂಡ್ಲ olle kaandla
ಉಪ್ಪು ಕಾಂಡ್ಲೆ uppu kandle
~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (कोंकणी), Kannada (ಕೊಂಕಣಿ), Malayalam (കൊങ്കണി), Perso-Arabic (کونکنی), Romi (Konknni) … spoken in: Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala, Gujarat
कांदळं kamdalam
~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~
written in: Malayalam (മലയാളം) … spoken in: Kerala, Lakshadweep
പനച്ചിക്കണ്ടൽ panacchikkandal
പീക്കണ്ടൽ peekkandal, പ്രാന്തൻ കണ്ടൽ praanthan kandal
~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~
written in: Devanagari (मराठी) … spoken in: Maharashtra, Karnataka
डुंबी dumbi, कामो kamo
कांदळ kandal
कुरनो kurano
~~~~~ ODIA ~~~~~
written in: Odia (ଓଡ଼ିଆ) … spoken in: Odisha, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
ରାଇ ଗଛ rai gachha
~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~
written in: Tamil (தமிழ்) … spoken in: Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
கண்டல் kantal
பேய்க்கண்டல் pey-k-kantal
~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~
written in: Telugu ( తెలుగు) … spoken in: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Puducherry
అడవి పొన్న adavi ponna, కండ్ల kandla, మంచి పొన్నmanci ponna, ఉప్పుపొన్న uppu ponna
~~~~~ TULU ~~~~~
written in: Tigalari (Tulu) was used for writing Vedic texts in Sanskrit, Kannada (ತುಳು), Malayalam (തുളു) … spoken in: Karnataka, north Kerala
ಕಾಂಡ್ಲ kaandla
~~~~~ DISTRIBUTION in INDIA ~~~~~
Andaman & Nicobar islands, Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal
~~~~~ Last updated: 14:36 22-06-2024 ~~~~~
Names compiled / updated at
https://dineshvalke.blogspot.com/2024/06/rhizophora-mucronata-poir.html


Only English spelling panachikkandal needed to be corrected. Sharing an image of special postal stamp issued by our Postal Department in 2002 – from my collection.

Will make the correction shortly.

Many thanks for sharing the photo of the postal stamp. Very nice.

English spelling of one Malayalam name corrected …

commonly known as: Asiatic mangrove, boriti poles, loop-root mangrove, red mangrove, simple-cymed mangrove • Bengali: ভারা bhara, গর্জন garjan, খামু khamu • Gujarati: કાંડેલ kandel, કરાડ karad • Kannada: ಕಾಂದಲೆ kandale, ನಿಜ ಕಂಡ್ಲಾ nija kaandla, ಓಳ್ಳೇ ಕಂಡ್ಲಾ olle kaandla, ಉಪ್ಪು ಕಾಂಡ್ಲೆ uppu kandle • Konkani: कांदळं kamdalam • Malayalam: പനച്ചിക്കണ്ടൽ panachikkandal, പീക്കണ്ടൽ peekkandal, പ്രാന്തൻ കണ്ടൽ praanthan kandal • Marathi: डुंबी dumbi, कामो kamo, कांदळ kandal, कुरनो kurano • Odia: ରାଇ ଗଛ rai gachha • Tamil: கண்டல் kantal, பேய்க்கண்டல் pey-k-kantal • Telugu: అడవి పొన్న adavi ponna, కండ్ల kandla, మంచి పొన్న manci ponna, ఉప్పు పొన్న uppu ponna • Tulu: ಕಾಂಡ್ಲ kaandla
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Requesting to please validate ID of this plant captured at Velas near Harihareshwar, Konkan Coast, Maharashtra in March 2014.

Is it Rhizophora mucronata?

Yes R.mucronata since the corolla is hairy. In case of R.apiculata, the corolla is glabrous.

The images are really nice showing all features.

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Konkan, May 2014 :: Rhizophora mucronata :: 16JUN14 :: ARK-30 : 4 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (7).

Requesting to please validate the ID (Rhizophora mucronata) of this mangrove captured in a small village near the Konkan coast, Devgad, Maharashtra in May 2014.

This is R. mucronata.

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Tree for Id ( from Sundarban)- ID17022018SH1 : 5 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (1)
Tree for Id pl.-This is a mangrove. We were told that these peculiar arrow-like pods after maturation fall vertically in the mud so that they germinates fast.
Location – Sundarban, West Bengal
Date – Nov. 2017
Rhizophora mucronta ..
it is showing vivipary, seed germinated in fruit
.

Rhizophora mucronata Poir. :: Shirgaon, Palghar :: Feb 26, 2023 · JUN23 DV411: 1 image.

Rhizophora mucronata Poir.
Shirgaon, Palghar :: Feb 26, 2023 · 12:14 PM IST :: about 14 m (46 ft) asl
Many thanks to Radha Veach and Nandan Sreejith for validating the ID at iNaturalist

.

Rhizophora mucronata Poir. :: Suruchi beach, Vasai :: Feb 23, 2023 · JUN23 DV450: 6 images.

Rhizophora mucronata Poir.
Suruchi beach, Vasai :: Feb 23, 2023 · 11:47 AM IST :: about 12 m (39 ft) asl
Many thanks to Shiwalee Samant and Nandan Sreejith for validating the ID at iNaturalist

 

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References: