{"id":1191932,"date":"2012-08-24T08:53:56","date_gmt":"2012-08-24T08:53:56","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-12-24T18:43:19","modified_gmt":"2024-12-24T13:13:19","slug":"sonchus-wightianus","status":"publish","type":"ht_kb","link":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/efi\/sonchus-wightianus\/","title":{"rendered":"Sonchus wightianus"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n
\n
\n
\n
Sonchus<\/a> wightianus<\/i> DC.<\/a><\/span>, <\/span>187 1838<\/i>. (Syn: <\/span>Sonchus<\/i> picris<\/i> H.L\u00e9v. & Vaniot<\/span><\/a>; <\/span>Sonchus<\/i> wightianus<\/i> subsp. wightianus<\/i> <\/span><\/a>; <\/span>Sonchus lingianus<\/i> C. Shih; <\/span>S. picris<\/i> H. L\u00e9veill\u00e9 & Vaniot; <\/span>S. wallichianus<\/i> Candolle; <\/span>S. wightianus<\/i> subsp. <\/span>wallichianus <\/i>(Candolle) Boulos; <\/span>Sonchus arvensis auct.<\/i> non L.; Hook. f. Flora\u00a0Br. Ind. 3: 414. 1881, p.p.);<\/span><\/div>\n
.<\/span><\/div>\n
As per efi thread<\/a> :<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
Plants perennial, up to 2 m tall, leaves mostly entire or denticulate, not spiny margined, heads 3-5 cm across …… <\/span>S. arvensis auct.<\/span><\/i> non L.<\/span> <\/span>(now Sonchus wightianus<\/b> DC.)<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>
\n<\/span> Plant annual, up to 1.5 m tall; leaves pinnately divided, margins spinulose, heads 1.5-2.5 cm across ……. S. asper
\n<\/b><\/span>.
\n<\/span>Taraxacum<\/i> does have an leafy branched stem. There is a single head on scape.
\n<\/span>.
\n<\/span>As per efi thread<\/a>:<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n

According to Flora of India
\n<\/span>Subsp <\/span>wallichianus:<\/em> stems glabrous, heads white tomentose
\n<\/span>subsp. <\/span>wightianus:<\/em> stems glandular hairy, heads glandular hairy often mixed with white tomentose hairs.
\n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n

Perennials, 90-120 cm high. Leaves to 22 x 5 cm, oblanceolate, obtuse or acute at apex, narrowed to the base, amplexicaule, minutely spinulose-serrate along the margins, glaucous below. Heads 18 x 12 mm, in terminal panicled cymes; peduncles glandular-hairy; bracts 12 x 1.5 mm, 3-5 series, oblong, acute. Female corolla 15 mm long, glabrous; limb yellow, 5-lobed; anthers bases shortly tailed. Achenes 3 x 1 mm, minutely rugulose; pappus 10 mm long.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Flowering and fruiting: Throughout the year<\/span><\/div>\n
Shola forests<\/span><\/div>\n
Indo-Malesia and China<\/span><\/div>\n
(From\u00a0 India Biodiversity Portal<\/span><\/a>) Attributions- <\/span>Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi<\/span><\/a>)
\n<\/span>.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/div>\n
Plains to Low Altitude, Moist Localities
\n<\/span>(Attributions- <\/span>G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram<\/span><\/a>)
\n<\/span>.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Sonchus-arvensis_2.JPG\"<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n

ID-Sonchus:<\/a>
\nIs it Sonchus arvensis<\/i>? Please confirm or ID this plant<\/p>\n

\n

According to me this is <\/span>Sonchus wightianus<\/i> DC.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/S.wightianus_DSR_3.JPG\"<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

ASTERACEAE Fortnight Part 3-Ligulate Heads: Sonchus wightianus from Uttarakhand_DSR_7<\/a> : Attachments (3). 1 post by 1 author.
\nSonchus wightianus<\/i><\/span> DC. ssp. wightianus <\/b><\/i>is a common species in Pantnagar.
\n<\/span><\/span>It blooms profusely in spring but sporadic flower heads can be seen throughout the year.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
\n
\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Sonchus%20oleraceous.%20-1-.JPG\"<\/a><\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Sonchus%20oleraceous.%20-5-.JPG\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Sonchus%20oleraceous.%20-4-.JPG\"<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

VOF Week: Sonchus oleraceous from the trek:<\/a>
\nThis composite was shot from near Gobind Ghat<\/span> while going up to Ghanghariya…hope I am correct in identifying this as Sonchus oleraceous<\/i>…<\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n
\n
Clearly Sonchus arvensis
\n<\/i>Head size and texture of leaves is distinctive.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n

Thanks for correction sir…I think I should critically examine all the identified\/unidentified pics of Sonchus<\/i> with me….it always confuses me….<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
\n
\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSCN8750.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSCN8743.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSCN8749.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSCN8768.jpg\"<\/a><\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSCN8742.jpg\"<\/a><\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSCN8765.jpg\"<\/a><\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSCN8754.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSCN8747.jpg\"<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Hooghly Today : Sonchus riddle:<\/a> I hope this is Sonchus arvensis<\/i> Linnaeus (\u09ac\u09a8-\u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u0982), as in my earlier post at – efi thread<\/span><\/a>.
\nIt’s an experience to look back into history :-<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
    \n
  1. Link 1<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Link 2<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    ID Help :-<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
      \n
    1. mpbd<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
    2. Plant illustrations<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      Some confusion :-<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
      \n
        \n
      1. http:\/\/www.efloras.org\/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242349619<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
      2. http:\/\/www.efloras.org\/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242349589<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
      3. http:\/\/www.theplantlist.org\/tpl\/record\/gcc-77555<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
      4. http:\/\/www.theplantlist.org\/tpl\/record\/gcc-97065<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
      5. http:\/\/www.theplantlist.org\/tpl\/record\/gcc-48853<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
      6. http:\/\/www.ars-grin.gov\/cgi-bin\/npgs\/html\/taxon.pl?34932<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
        \n

        Sonchus arvensis<\/i> without any doubt.<\/p>\n

        \n
        It was the information found in FoC page of Sonchus wightianus<\/i> Candolle<\/span><\/a> that created confusion to me. According to FoC, “Sonchus wightianus<\/i> has frequently been misidentified with the habitually similar Sonchus arvensis<\/i>, and the later is a hybrid, restricted to Europe & North America ……”<\/span><\/div>\n
        \n

        Thank you very much for the ID and confirming one more time.<\/p>\n

        \n

        No … I have to thank you for highlighting information in Flora of China. I will check my specimens with the key and find out. In the mean time you may also do the same for your above specimens.<\/p>\n

        \n

        And here is the article by Kim et al. 2007.<\/p>\n

        \n
        \n\n\n\n
        \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/8803.jpg\"<\/a><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        Attaching three photos of achene, recorded today.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

        FoC informs – “The diploid S. wightianus<\/i> has adaxially often reddish marginal florets….<\/span><\/a>“…. a point in favour of S. wightianus<\/i><\/div>\n
        But points against S. wightianus<\/i>, as described in FoC, are :-<\/div>\n
        1, Flower and fruit from January to October<\/span><\/a>… — i am watching this plant since last year, it starts growing in October-November and starts flowering at the end of November. Rest of the year the plant is unnoticeable<\/span>.<\/div>\n
        2. Middle and upper stem leaves elliptic to lanceolate, smaller — but, in my species except for the top most leaves all leaves are equal and sometimes middle leaves bigger.<\/span><\/div>\n
        3. Achene…… with 1(or 2) weakly prominent main rib(s) and several secondary ribs on either face — in my species all ribs are prominent
        \n<\/span><\/span><\/span>4. <\/span>Pappus 6-9 mm — the first picture (8799.jpg), attached herewith & though not scaled, clearly shows longer pappus as in <\/span><\/span>S. arvensis<\/i> <\/span><\/span>        described in FoA<\/span><\/a>. I come to this conclusion by comparing the achene size with the pappus size (at least 3 times that of an achene).<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
        \n
        \n

        Here is the protologue of <\/span>Sonchus wightianus<\/i>..<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

        \n
        \n
        I was reading some of your mails above. Indeed you jumped deep into it and this is really nice of you to have so much of patience.<\/div>\n
        There is one issue here I think Many of the characters you are talking about are so variable that they cant be trusted to define a species based on morphology.<\/span><\/div>\n
        According to the protologue if you can see, both species are written as PERENNIAL.<\/span><\/div>\n
        Leaves in both are heteromorphic and hence there is no distinct shape and size, unless and untill one it toooooo long or tooooo short. Even the margin shape is not consistent.<\/span><\/div>\n
        The prominence of ribs of achenes also depends on how dry the seeds are.<\/span><\/div>\n
        Pappus is 6-9mm in one and 8-14mm in another, so this is slightly overlapping too.
        \n<\/span>I am forwarding this to … also. May be she can dig something out of it.<\/span><\/div>\n
        \n
        \n
        I find this post settled under Sonchus arvensis<\/i> in efI – \/species\/a—l\/ar\/asteraceae\/sonchus\/sonchus-arvensis<\/span><\/a>.
        \nIs it <\/span>Sonchus arvensis<\/i>? Or is it also an eye-opener?<\/span><\/div>\n
        \n
        \n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
        \n

        .<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

        \n<\/div>\n
        Asteraceae Fortnight Part 3-Ligulate heads (plus Misc.): Sonchus riddle cracked? : sk02<\/a> : Attachments (13). 9 posts by 4 authors.
        \nThis set of photographs is same as in –         efi thread<\/span><\/a>, and it is pending…!<\/div>\n
        \n
        I try to decipher, based on efi thread<\/span><\/a>.<\/div>\n
        I think peduncles and phyllaries are stipitate glandular (is that what it is called?).
        \nIf yes it should be <\/span>Sonchus arvensis<\/i> L. ssp. <\/span>arvensis<\/i>.<\/span><\/div>\n
        \n
        \n
        \n

        Attaching account of all Sonchus<\/i> species of India in Flora of India vol-5 (Asteraceae) by Botanical Survey of India.<\/span> Hope it will be useful for identification of Sonchus<\/i> in your area.<\/p>\n

        \n

        Thank you very much Rawat Sir.
        \nThe attached files inform me that there is no <\/span>S. arvensis<\/i> L. in India.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

        \n
        Instead it will be S. arvensis auct. non<\/i> L. (S. wightianus<\/i> DC.); and this very much echoes <\/span>FoC<\/span><\/a>. In that case it will be S. wightianus<\/i> ssp. wightianus<\/i>.<\/span><\/div>\n
        However, this plant is –<\/div>\n
        \n
          \n
        1. S.orixensis<\/i> Roxb. in FI.iii.402<\/li>\n
        2. S. arvensis<\/i> L. in FBI.iii.414<\/li>\n
        3. S. arvensis<\/i> L. in Bengal Plants.i.629<\/li>\n
        4. S. arvensis<\/i> L. in The Botany of Bihar and Orissa<\/li>\n
        5. links of all above – biodiversitylibrary<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \n

          Thank you once again<\/p>\n

          \n
          The problem is resolved.
          \n<\/span>There is no <\/span>S. arvensis<\/i> L. in India.<\/span><\/div>\n
          \n
          \n

          Thanks, …, That means we should move efi page <\/span>Sonchus arvensis<\/span><\/a> to S. wightianus<\/i> DC.<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
          \n

          Yes, …, as per BSI docs S. wightianus<\/i> DC. is the safest option.
          \nSame applies to remaining two threads relating to this plant.<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
          \n
          \n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
          \n\n\n\n
          \n
          \n
          \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/plant_un_yellow_compositae_DSCN7819.jpg\"<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          Compositae ID 09022012 SK Hooghly(WB):<\/a> (11 pictures)
          \nWhile I was on my way to school yesterday I found this wild herb on the roadside inside a village<\/span>. Within a 50 mt. span there were about 10 to 12 of them.
          \nA search in the net gave me a post by … at – <\/span>          efi thread<\/span><\/a>\u00a0….where … suggested “<\/span>Crepis foetida<\/i>” for the species posted by …
          \n<\/span>Could it be that “<\/span>Crepis foetida<\/i>” from Compositae family?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

          \n
          \n<\/div>\n
          \n

          May be Sonchus<\/i> also<\/p>\n

          \n

          I am getting more confused with Sonchus<\/i>, Crepis<\/i> and Taraxacum<\/i>. But, it appears to me now that it is closer to Sonchus sp. as … and … suggested.<\/p>\n

          \n

          Sonchus arvense<\/i> for sure<\/p>\n

          \n

          I wanted to confirm if all the photographs are of the same plant or two different plants as the first three plant photos seem to have a different habit and resemble Sonchus wightianus <\/i>DC. while the rest of them are S. arvense<\/i> as … has mentioned.<\/p>\n

          \n

          After returning home when I checked those photographs (before posting) I too was confused, thinking that I have shot two different species of Sonchus<\/i>. I examined the original photos thoroughly and concluded that all were same. However, again I will visit the place tomorrow and watch the plant more carefully. Certainly will inform you if I find any discrepancies out there.<\/p>\n

          \n
          I checked the plant this morning once again and confirm that all images are from same species, but not from the same individual plant.<\/div>\n
          I noticed 3 types of leaf blades and two types of buds.
          \n<\/span>The Bengali name given to <\/span>Sonchus arvensis<\/i> is <\/span>‘BAN PALANG’<\/b> (Plant Groups by H Mukherji). A website also refers it – <\/span>          http:\/\/www.mpbd.info\/plants\/sonchus-wightianus.php<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
          \n
          \n\n\n\n
          \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/plant_un_yellow_compositae_DSCN7822.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSCN8429.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/plant_un_yellow_compositae_VSCN7868.jpg\"<\/a><\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/plant_un_yellow_compositae_VSCN7833.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/plant_un_yellow_compositae_DSCN7821.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/plant_un_yellow_compositae_DSCN7814.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/plant_un_yellow_compositae_DSCN7810.jpg\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          I attach here pictures (4) of the seeds from the same plant, “Sonchus arvensis<\/i>” that i shot yesterday.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

          \n
          \n
          \n

          .<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

          \n<\/div>\n
          Asteraceae Fortnight Part 3-Ligulate heads (plus Misc.): Sonchus again : sk03<\/a> : Attachments (11). 4 posts by 2 authors.<\/div>\n
          This set was previously uploaded – efi thread<\/a><\/div>\n
          This should be same as – efi thread<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
          \n
          \n
          Awaiting feedback from other thread: efi thread<\/a><\/div>\n
          \n
          \n
          The problem is resolved as per another post – efi thread<\/span><\/a>. There is no <\/span>S. arvensis<\/i> L. in India.<\/span><\/div>\n
          \n
          \n
          \n

          Thanks, …, That means we should move efi page <\/span>Sonchus arvensis<\/span><\/a> to S. wightianus<\/i> DC.<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
          \n

          .<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

          \n<\/div>\n
          Asteraceae Fortnight Part 3-Ligulate heads (plus Misc.): Sonchus riddle : sk01<\/a> : 4 posts by 2 authors.
          \nVery interesting –<\/span><\/div>\n
          \n
            \n
          1. Sonchus wightianus<\/i> DC. – plantillustrations<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
          2. Sonchus arvensis<\/i> L. – plantillustrations<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            No.2 above seems to be wrong, because of other illustrations – plantillustrations<\/span><\/a>
            \n<\/span><\/div>\n
            Please also check – http:\/\/www.efloras.org\/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242349619<\/span><\/a>, along with – http:\/\/flowers.la.coocan.jp\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(assuming the id is correct).<\/div>\n
            Two more –<\/div>\n
            \n