{"id":1192391,"date":"2011-04-05T05:32:16","date_gmt":"2011-04-05T05:32:16","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-12-24T18:48:20","modified_gmt":"2024-12-24T13:18:20","slug":"verbena","status":"publish","type":"ht_kb","link":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/efi\/verbena\/","title":{"rendered":"Verbena"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n
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Verbena aristigera<\/strong> S.Moore<\/a> (Introduced) <\/span>(Native to: <\/span>Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Bolivia, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Paraguay, Uruguay<\/span>; Introduced into: <\/span>Botswana, California, Free State, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, India,<\/span><\/span> Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, New South Wales, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Swaziland, Tanzania, Venezuela, Victoria, Western Australia, Zambia, Za\u00efre, Zimbabwe<\/span> as per <\/span>POWO<\/span><\/a>)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/flowid3.JPG\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/For%20Id%20herb2%20I%20IMG_1614.jpg\"\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/For%20Id%20herb2%20I%20IMG_1613.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/For%20Id%20herb2%20I%20IMG_1490.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/flowid.JPG\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/flowid2.JPG\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/For%20Id%20herb2%20I%20IMG_1492.jpg\"<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
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Verbena bonariensis<\/strong> L.<\/a> (Introduced) (<\/span>Native to: <\/span>SE. & S. Brazil to S. South America: Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Bolivia, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay; <\/span>Introduced into:<\/span>\u00a0Alabama, Angola, Arkansas, Assam, Austria, Azores, Bahamas, Bermuda, Borneo, California, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Czechoslovakia, Easter Is., Fiji, Free State, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Illinois, <\/span> India<\/span><\/span>,<\/span> Italy, Jamaica, Kenya, Korea, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesotho, Louisiana, Madagascar, Madeira, Malaya, Massachusetts, Mauritius, Mississippi, Missouri, Mozambique, New Caledonia, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Niue, Norfolk Is., North Carolina, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Oregon, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Queensland, R\u00e9union, South Australia, South Carolina, Spain, St.Helena, Swaziland, Sweden, Tanzania, Tennessee, Victoria,<\/span> West Himalaya, <\/span>Western Australia, Zambia, Za\u00efre, Zimbabwe<\/span> as per <\/span>POWO<\/span><\/a>)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Verbena \u00d7 hybrida<\/strong> Groenland & R\u00fcmpler<\/a> (Cultivated)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Verbena officinalis<\/strong> L.<\/a>\u00a0(Native to: <\/span>Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Assam, Austria, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Central European Rus, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Corse, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Egypt, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hainan, Hungary, India<\/span>, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Jawa, Kirgizstan, Korea, Kriti, Krym, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, Netherlands, New South Wales, North Caucasus, North European Russi, Northern Territory, Northwest European R, Pakistan, Palestine, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Queensland, Romania, Sardegna, Sicilia, South Australia, South European Russi, Spain, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tasmania, Thailand, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Victoria, Vietnam, West Himalaya<\/span>, Western Australia, Western Sahara, Xinjiang, Yugoslavia<\/span>; Introduced into: <\/span>Alabama, Amsterdam-St.Paul Is, Azores, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, California, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Chile Central, Colorado, Connecticut, Cuba, Delaware, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, Florida, Georgia, Guatemala, Haiti, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Madeira, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Michigan, Mississippi, New Caledonia, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Niger, Niue, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode I., South Carolina, Tennessee, Tristan da Cunha, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin\u00a0<\/span>as per <\/span>POWO<\/span><\/a>)
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Verbena rigida<\/strong> Spreng.<\/a> (Introduced) <\/span>(Native to: <\/span>Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Bolivia, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Paraguay, Uruguay;<\/span> Introduced into: <\/span>Alabama, Arkansas, Azores, Bermuda, California, Cape Provinces, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Florida, Free State, Georgia, Hawaii, India, Jamaica, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesotho, Louisiana, Madagascar, Madeira, Mississippi, New Caledonia, New South Wales, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, North Carolina, North Dakota, Northern Provinces, Oklahoma, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Queensland, R\u00e9union, South Australia, South Carolina, Sri Lanka,<\/span> Swaziland, Sweden, Tanzania, Tennessee, Texas, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela, Victoria, Virginia, Western Australia, Zimbabwe<\/span>\u00a0as per\u00a0<\/span>POWO<\/span><\/a>)<\/span><\/div>\n
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\u00a0\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSCN6889.JPG\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSCN6884.JPG\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSCN6882.JPG\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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BSI Flora of India Checklist<\/a> (Distribution):<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Verbena aristigera<\/a><\/td>\nCULTIVATED SPECIES<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Verbena bipinnatifida<\/a><\/td>\nCULTIVATED SPECIES<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Verbena bonariensis<\/a><\/td>\nHimachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Verbena canadensis<\/a><\/td>\nCULTIVATED SPECIES<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Verbena hastata<\/a><\/td>\nCULTIVATED SPECIES<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Verbena officinalis<\/a><\/td>\nAndhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh (?), Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, Uttarakhand, West Bengal.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Verbena peruviana<\/a><\/td>\nCULTIVATED SPECIES<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Verbena phlogiflora<\/a><\/td>\nCULTIVATED SPECIES<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Verbena platensis<\/a><\/td>\nCULTIVATED SPECIES<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Verbena rigida<\/a><\/td>\nKarnataka, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Verbena tweedieana<\/a><\/td>\nCULTIVATED SPECIES<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Verbena x hybrida<\/a><\/td>\nCULTIVATED SPECIES<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n<\/div>\n
.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Flora of Peninsular India<\/span><\/span><\/a> with keys<\/b> at species links, if any<\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
Verbena bipinnatifida<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
Verbena bonariensis<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n
Verbena hybrida<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
Verbena officinalis<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n
Verbena rigida<\/strong><\/a>
\n<\/span>Verbena tenuisecta<\/em><\/a>\u00a0<\/span>syn. of<\/span> Verbena aristigera<\/strong> S.Moore<\/a><\/div>\n
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Flora of Peninsular India<\/span><\/span><\/a> <\/span>with keys<\/b> at species links, if any<\/span>:
\n<\/span><\/span>Glandularia pulchella<\/em><\/span><\/a>\u00a0syn. of Verbena tenera<\/strong> Spreng.<\/span><\/a> (No distribution as per POWO<\/span><\/a> and Catalogue of Life<\/span><\/a>)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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.<\/span>
\nFrom Floral Database of Tamilnadu<\/span><\/span><\/a> :<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n
Binomial<\/span><\/td>\nHabit<\/span><\/td>\nNotes<\/span><\/td>\nRef.<\/span><\/td>\nDistrib.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Verbena bipinnatifida<\/strong> <\/span>\u00a0L. <\/span><\/span><\/td>\nHerb<\/span><\/td>\nWestern Ghats, High elevation, Native of Tropical America<\/span><\/td>\nMatthew, 1999<\/span><\/td>\nDindigul<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Verbena bonariensis<\/span><\/strong> L.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nHerb<\/span><\/td>\nWestern Ghats & Eastern Ghats, High Altitude, Cultivated, Native of Tropical America<\/span><\/td>\nFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987<\/span><\/td>\nDindigul, Nilgiri, Salem<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Verbena rigida <\/span><\/strong>Spreng.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nHerb<\/span><\/td>\nPlains to\u00a0 High Altitude, Cultivated, Native of Tropical America<\/span><\/td>\nFlora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987<\/span><\/td>\nAll districts<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Verbena x hybrida<\/strong> <\/span><\/span><\/td>\nHerb<\/span><\/td>\nWestern Ghats, High Altitude, Native of Tropical America<\/span><\/td>\nMatthew, 1999<\/span><\/td>\nDindigul<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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FRLHT Indian Medicinal Plants Nomenclature Database with images\/ herbarium, distribution, local names etc.<\/span><\/span><\/a> :<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Verbena nodiflora<\/em> L.<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0= <\/span>Phyla nodiflora<\/strong><\/span><\/a> (L.) Greene
\n<\/span><\/span>Verbena officinalis<\/strong> L.<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Species with description & pictures in Flowers of India<\/span><\/a> <\/span>as on 6.5.15:\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Botanical name<\/span><\/td>\nSynonyms<\/span><\/td>\nFamily<\/span><\/td>\nCommon name<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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Verbena hybrida<\/strong> <\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n Verbenaceae <\/span><\/td>\nVerbena<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Verbena officinalis<\/strong> <\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n Verbenaceae <\/span><\/td>\nVervain<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Species with description & keys<\/strong> in Flora of Pakistan<\/span><\/a> (Distribution):
\n<\/span><\/span>Verbena bonariensis<\/strong> Linn.<\/span><\/a> <\/span>(A native of S. America, introduced and naturalized in the Himalayas and elsewhere in the Old World)
\n<\/span>Verbena incisa<\/em> Hook.<\/span><\/a> (A native of lower S. America, introduced and cultivated elsewhere) syn. of <\/span>Verbena tweedieana<\/strong> Niven ex Hook.<\/a>
\nVerbena officinalis<\/strong> Linn.<\/span><\/a> (Most of Europe and Asia, N. Africa; introduced in N. America and S. Africa)
\n<\/span>Verbena tenuisecta<\/em> Briq.<\/span><\/a> (A native of S. America, introduced and naturalized in many parts of the world) syn. of Verbena aristigera<\/strong> S.Moore<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
Species with distribution in annotated checklist of Flowering plants of Nepal<\/span><\/a> (Distribution):<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>Verbena officinalis<\/strong> L.<\/span><\/a> (Europe, Africa, Himalaya (Kashmir to Bhutan), India, Japan, China, Indo-China, N. & S. America)<\/span><\/div>\n
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.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Some species found in India with description & keys from Flora of China<\/span><\/a> <\/span>(Distribution other than China):
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>Verbena officinalis<\/strong> Linnaeus<\/span><\/a> [worldwide weed in temperate zones and tropics].<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
Floriculture in India<\/span><\/a> By Gurcharan Singh Randhawa, Amitabha Mukhopadhyay (1986)- Details- p. 108-
\n<\/span>Verbena x hybrida<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Gardening in India<\/span><\/a> By George Marshall Woodrow, G Marshall (1999)- Brief details-<\/span><\/div>\n
Verbena<\/em> aubletia<\/i> Jacq. <\/span>synonym<\/span> of Verbena canadensis<\/strong> (L.) Britton<\/a>
\n<\/span>Verbena<\/em> venosa<\/i> Gillies & Hook.is a <\/span>synonym<\/span><\/a> of <\/span>Verbena rigida<\/strong> (Naturalised)<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
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.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Flora of Davanagere District, Karnataka, India<\/span><\/a> By B. K. Manjunatha, V. Krishna, T. Pullaiah (2004)- <\/span><\/div>\n
Verbena bonariensis<\/span><\/strong><\/a> &
\n<\/span>Verbena<\/em> venosa<\/i> Gillies & Hook. is a <\/span>synonym<\/span><\/a> of <\/span>Verbena rigida<\/strong> (Naturalised)<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
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.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

An Excursion Flora of Central Tamilnadu, India<\/span><\/a> By K. M. Matthew (1995)- Details-
\n<\/span>Verbena rigida<\/strong> (Naturalised)<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
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Verbena & Glandularia<\/span><\/a> : 1 post by 1 author. <\/span><\/div>\n
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I have updated eFI (efloraofindia) page on <\/span>Verbena<\/em><\/span><\/a>\u00a0& <\/span>Glandularia<\/em><\/span><\/a>\u200e<\/em>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(Pl. click).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Attempts have been made to incorporate most of the species available in India & nearby areas with details & keys directly or through links as far as possible. It\u2019s quite possible that there may be some discrepancy in the accepted names & synonyms taken from other links.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Species discussed so far in efloraofindia are given at the bottom of the page in the form of links against Subpages. On clicking them one can see all the details.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

If someone can provide complete list of Indian species with source references it will be wonderful.
\n<\/span><\/span>Any comments\/ corrections are welcome.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Verbena\u200e (Verbenaceae)- comparative images<\/a> : 1 post by 1 author.<\/div>\n
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Pl. go through\u200e<\/span><\/span> Verbena<\/em><\/span><\/a>\u200e<\/em>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(Verbenaceae<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span>) <\/span>page with comparative images of species in efloraofindia. <\/span><\/span>On clicking the link of species, one can check the complete details. Genus pages generally give details of most of the species found in India.<\/span><\/p>\n

I request you to pl. go through & point out mistakes, if any. I hope this will aid in identifications in future. <\/span>If anybody can send images of other species of this genus (for incorporation in the website), if any, or can identify unidentified images, it will be really nice.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Verbena aristigera S.Moore (Introduced) (Native to: Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Bolivia, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Paraguay, Uruguay; Introduced into: Botswana, California, Free State, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, India, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, New South Wales, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Swaziland, Tanzania, Venezuela, Victoria,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"ht-kb-category":[4870],"ht-kb-tag":[],"class_list":["post-1192391","ht_kb","type-ht_kb","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","ht_kb_category-verbenaceae"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/1192391","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/ht_kb"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1192391"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/1192391\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1192391"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"ht_kb_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb-category?post=1192391"},{"taxonomy":"ht_kb_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb-tag?post=1192391"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}