{"id":1231659,"date":"2011-03-02T08:00:06","date_gmt":"2011-03-02T08:00:06","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-12-24T18:52:25","modified_gmt":"2024-12-24T13:22:25","slug":"garcinia-xanthochymus","status":"publish","type":"ht_kb","link":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/efi\/garcinia-xanthochymus\/","title":{"rendered":"Garcinia xanthochymus"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n
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Garcinia<\/i> xanthochymus<\/i> Hook.f. ex T.Anderson , Fl. Brit. India 1: 269 1874<\/i>. (syn. Garcinia<\/i> pictoria<\/i> (Roxb.) Dunn<\/span><\/a> [Illegitimate]; Garcinia<\/i> pictoria<\/i> (Roxb.) Engl.<\/span><\/a>; Garcinia<\/i> roxburghii<\/i> Kurz<\/span><\/a> [Illegitimate]; Garcinia<\/i> tinctoria<\/i> (DC.) W.Wight<\/span><\/a>; Garcinia<\/i> tinctoria<\/i> (DC.) Dunn<\/span><\/a>; Stalagmitis<\/i> pictoria<\/i> G.Don<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(Unresolved); Xanthochymus<\/i> pictorius<\/i> Roxb.<\/span><\/a>; Xanthochymus<\/i> tinctorius<\/i> DC.<\/span><\/a>);<\/div>\n
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Tamala, Mysore gamboge , sour mangosteen , false mangosteen, Yellow mangosteen, <\/b>Sans: Tamala, Tapinijha; <\/b>Hindi: Dampel, Tamal; <\/b>Beng: Chalata, Tamal; <\/b>Guj: Karamala, Ota; <\/b>Mar: Jharambi, Ota; <\/b>Tel: Ivarumidi, Tamalamu; <\/b>Tam: Kulavi, Malaipachai, Mukki, Tamalam; <\/b>Kan: Devagarige; <\/b>Mal: Anavaya; <\/b>Oriya: Cheoro, Sitambu; <\/b>Nepal: Chunyel;<\/b><\/div>\n
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GARCINIA XANTHOCHYMUS<\/a>:\u00a0During my stay at Tezpur I came to know about different species of Garcinia<\/i>. Most common of them all is Garcinia xanthochymus<\/i>. In Assam it is known as Tepol-tenga<\/b>. It is known as Dempel<\/b> in Bangla. It is found in E.Himalayas in Sikkim and northern W.Bengal upto an altitude of 5000ft. And fairly common in the evergreen forests of Assam.<\/span> The raw fruit, temptingly beautiful, is very acid, especially in the fleshy rind. I saw only one tree of this species at Cooch Behar. Attaching two images of the same.
\n(Ref :Edible Wild Plants of The Himalayas, By Badhwar and Fernandez)<\/p>\n


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The Tamala – Garcinia xanthochymus:<\/a><\/p>\n

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  1. The long search for the Tamala<\/b> – the most famous but the least known tree – has ended. Famous because it is glorified by celebrated poets of sixth century, Kalidasa, down to twentieth century poet Tagore. For devotees of Krishna this is sacred as it epitomizes the divine personality. Such a famous tree is not known to anybody whom i come across.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    Recently i have seen this tree in the Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah, quite comfortably thanks to the courtesy of the Director, Dr. Debnath. I am attaching a few photos of the tree and its parts provided by Basant K. Singh.<\/div>\n
    I am adding a synopsis of the long investigation extended to five years. If any one is interested he or she may read the following :-<\/div>\n
    It all started in a get-together. A friend was reading the Gospels of Sri Ramakrishna (Kathamrita). Tamala<\/b> was mentioned in the text. I asked my friends-‘ do you know Tamala’. Nobody knows. The hostess took out a dictionary and found the name – ‘it is a tree similar to Gaab’ [Eng. Gaub persimon – Diospyros peregrina<\/i>]. The search for Tamala began. In a reciprocal request i urged … to help me. He put a notice. Information poured in from many, in particular from … All these boil down to Cinnamomum tamala<\/i>. Its leaf called Tejpata is daily used in culinary preparation. Interestingly in Gujrati it is called ‘tamal patra’. This tree grows wild in tropical and subtropical Himalayas, Khasi and Jaintia hills.<\/span><\/div>\n
    Ayurvedacharya Shibkali Bhattacharya is an authority on plants. He specified Tamala is Garcinia xanthochymus<\/i>(syn. G. tinctoria<\/i>). Sometime back i brought this to the notice of our group members. Its Sanskrit, Hindi, and Bengali name is Tamala<\/b>, Eng. name Sour mangosteen, false mangosteen, Gambose<\/b>. Sanskrit , Hindi or Bengali namesake may also refer to other species or genus viz. G. morella<\/i>, Cinnamomum tamala<\/i>, Diospyros montana.<\/i><\/span><\/div>\n
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    The sacred Tamala<\/b> of Vrindavan is yet to be conclusively identified. George Harrison and Srila Prabhupada wrote some fifty pages on Tamal and Vrindavan. They say ‘Radaharani in separation was embracing the Tamala tree. – – And they say that in Vrindavan only there are four trees left.’ It is possible. Since the time of Sri Chaitanya pilgrims from different parts took a plant on their return. One Swami of Belur Math brought a plant from Vrindavan some thirty years back. I took a twig and put it before the members. Experts say it belongs to Diospyros montana<\/i>. Interestingly its Sanskrit name is Tamala<\/b>. Since the fruit or flower of this particular tree not seen a conclusion could not be arrived at.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


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    Thanks for reopening the thread. Few months back I received Sanskrit Pandulipi (Manuscript) from Krishna Devotee of Nepal which describes <\/span>Tam, Tamal, Tamala, Tamalini, Tamalak, Tamal Patra, Tamali<\/b> with different Shlokas. From reading it, it seems that neither <\/span>Garcinia<\/i> nor <\/span>Diospyros<\/i> is suitable candidate for it. Sacred Tamala was once used in Yagyas specially Soma Yagyas. And also in Yagyas for Healing.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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    In continuation of previous post.<\/p>\n

    Bhartendu Harishchandra has written about Tamal Tree<\/span><\/div>\n

    \u0924\u0930\u0928\u093f \u0924\u0928\u0942\u091c\u093e \u0924\u091f \u0924\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0924\u0930\u0941\u0935\u0930 \u092c\u0939\u0941 \u091b\u093e\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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    \u091d\u0941\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0938\u094b\u0902 \u091c\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u0938\u0928 \u0939\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0928\u0939\u0941 \u0938\u0941\u0939\u093e\u090f\u0964<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


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    I did a bit of study on Tamaal a decade ago. It is your co-operation which helped me to get a lot of information through your members. Thanks to all of them.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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    Ultimately it is Dr Basant Singh who took me to the Tamal tree in the Botanical Garden and later sent me the snaps i attached.<\/div>\n
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    This brief account dated 5\/6\/12 is the gist of my effort at that time which was lost to me, You have revived that. Accept my grateful appreciation.<\/p>\n


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    Thank you … I saw TAMAL in my childhood in East Pakistan (Now Bangladesh). I started searching for the scientific name of the tree in1993 when I was in Lucknow. The Useful Plants of India (CSIR publication) has all the names of TAMAL as mentioned by Mr Subrata Mahapatra. In 1994 I attended a WWF work shop at Ashoka Hotel in Delhi, where some people from Brindaban brought a sapling of Tamal. Immediately my mind reeled back to my childhood memory, as the sapling resembles my TAMAL. Unfortunately the delegate members from Brindaban could not tell the scientific name. There are two trees at this place (Cooch Behar). One big tree is in the famous Madn-Mohan temple compound. Everybody knows it as TAMAL. There is another tree at Tufangunj in the compound of a temple. These trees are definitely Garcinia. I know many Garcinia species which I have seen at Assam. TAMAL of ancient and modern literature is definitely Diospyros montana (according to The Useful Plants of India this tree in Sanskrit is TUMALA).<\/p>\n


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    I came across this\u00a0interesting thread which highlights and was struck by how relevant this discussion is to modern situation also.<\/p>\n

    What’s in a name ?\u00a0Plenty of course, since the id is coded into the binomial.<\/div>\n
    In ancient literature quite often same or similar names were used (in different context) for different plants: Thus<\/div>\n
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    From published name lists \u00a0on IBIN \u00a0 and from the Sanskrit<\/div>\n
    Tamala \u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0932<\/span> \u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Garcinia xanthoxylum<\/i> and G.morella<\/i> . : ( as concluded by …)<\/div>\n
    Kalaskandha \u00a0\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u00a0 :<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Diospyros melano.<\/i>: &\/ \u00a0OR Ficus glomeratus<\/i> or<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
    \u0924\u092e\u093e\u0932\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/span> <\/span><\/span>Cinnamomum tamal:<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>
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    \u0924\u092e\u093e\u0932\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 : \u00a0Leaf of C.tamala <\/i>or G.xanthochymus\/ morella<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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    The id of the plant\/twig brought by Swami by\u00a0… has been identified as Diospyros<\/i> sp.<\/p>\n


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    230713 ASP 126<\/a> :\u00a0Attachments (1). 2 posts by 2 authors.<\/div>\n
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    Please ID this tree with fruits.<\/span> Garcinia<\/i> sp ? Photo was taken in Sri Lanka<\/span> in Dec 2012.<\/p>\n


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    Garcinia xanthochymus<\/i> Clusiaceae<\/i><\/div>\n
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    \u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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    Tree For ID : Lalbagh,Bangalore : 220913 : AK-2<\/a> : Attachments (2). 3 posts by 2 authors.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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    A tree<\/span> seen at Lalbagh Botanical Gardens, Bangalore on 18\/3\/13.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Saw lots of buds on it, no flowers.<\/div>\n
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    Garcinia<\/i> species?<\/p>\n


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    Garcinia xanthochymus<\/i>, Hook. f. <=> Mysore Gambooge Tree<\/a><\/b><\/div>\n
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    Ex-situ Silviculture : Garcinia xanthochymus Hook.f. ex T.Anderson<\/a> :\u00a01 post by 1 author. Attachments (2).<\/p>\n


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    Hypericaceae, Cluciaceae Dipterocarpaceae fortnight 03<\/a> :\u00a0\u00a01 post by 1 author. Attachments (2).<\/div>\n
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    Garcinia xanthochymus<\/i> Hook.f. ex T.Anderson, cultivated in a home garden<\/span> near Mangalore<\/span>, the leaves are largest n this species when compare with all other Garcinia<\/i> Spp<\/span><\/p>\n


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    Hypericaceae, Clusiaceae and Dipterocarpaceae Fortnight: Clusiaceae :: Garcinia xanthochymus:: at Mumbai: -PKA-Nov-34<\/a> : 3 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (3)<\/span><\/div>\n
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    Garcinia xanthochymus<\/i>\u00a0from Mumbai.<\/span><\/p>\n


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    Nice pictures of Garcinia xanthocymus<\/i><\/div>\n
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    \u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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    Hypericaceae, Clusiaceae, Dipterocarpaceae Fortnight :: Clusiaceae :: Garcinia xanthochymus :: Jijamata Udyan, Mumbai :: ARKNOV-05<\/a>\u00a0: 8 posts by 5 authors. Attachments (3)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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    Attached are pictures of Garcinia xanthochymus<\/i> captured at Jijamata Udyan,<\/span> Mumbai<\/span> in January 2014.<\/div>\n
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    Kindly validate.<\/p>\n


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    Yes it is\u00a0Garcinia xanthochymus<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n


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    To me it seems to be Garcinia xanthochymus<\/i>.<\/p>\n


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    Yes, This should be\u00a0Garcinia xanthochymus<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n


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    I’ll appreciate very much if you can send me enlarged or clear photos of flowers of G. xanthochymus<\/i> and those of\u00a0Diospyros montana<\/i>.<\/p>\n


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    Thanks … for validating the ID..<\/p>\n

    I, unfortunately, do not have the pics of the flowers…<\/div>\n
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    Agumbe :: Garcinia FOR VALIDATION \/ ID :: DVJAN58<\/a> : 3 posts by 2 authors. 3 images.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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    Agumbe<\/span><\/span> Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    Date<\/span>: 26 DEC 2014<\/span><\/span> … <\/span>Altitude<\/span>: about 700 m asl<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    Small tree along village road, most probably planted.
    \n<\/span>I may be mistaking in the first place of it being Garcinia<\/i>. Please validate.<\/div>\n
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    Garcinia<\/i> \u00bf species ?<\/span><\/span> <\/span>… (family: Clusiaceae<\/i>)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


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    Garcinia xanthochymus<\/i>.<\/p>\n


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    Fwd: Tamal tree<\/a>\u00a0: 1 post by 1 author.<\/div>\n
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    I wish to know any member in the group has photographed the\u00a0Tamal tree in Vrindavan. There is lot of confusion on the correct ID of the tre. I checked\u00a0e-flora site as well (Indiantreepix<\/a>).<\/div>\n
    I am also providing the link<\/a> on Tamal trees.<\/div>\n
    I wish some members would come out with a clarification \/ ID of the tree.<\/div>\n
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    Thanks, … Here is some discussion on this at the following pages:<\/div>\n
    The Tamala – Garcinia xanthochymus<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
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    Tamal of Brindaban : ID Please<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n


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    Phoebe cooperiana ?<\/a> : 8 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (4)<\/span><\/div>\n
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    Location Papumpare district Arunachal Pradesh
    \n<\/span>Please identify the Phoebe<\/i> species<\/p>\n


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    Very little details or pictures are available on net.<\/div>\n
    Fruits look different from the download available at<\/div>\n
    http:\/\/ijpsr.com\/bft-article\/ethnobotany-and-antioxidant-determination-of-phoebe-cooperiana-fruit-a-highly-utilized-wild-fruit-in-arunachal-pradesh-india\/<\/span><\/a>
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    There is another specimen (high resolution) of flowering plant at<\/div>\n
    http:\/\/data.rbge.org.uk\/bgbase\/vherb\/bgbasevherb.php?cfg=bgbase\/vherb\/zoom.cfg&filename=E00393291.zip&queryRow=1<\/span><\/a>
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    Another pdf (mainly text) available at http:\/\/shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in\/05_chapter%201.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n


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    I think this is Garcinia<\/i> sp.<\/p>\n


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    Thanks for the photographs.\u00a0Give up some time to identify\u00a0the specimens. It may not be Phoebe<\/i>. Anyway let us take little more time.<\/p>\n


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    You can see Garcinia<\/i> sp. [Clusiaceae<\/i>]<\/p>\n


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    The photographs of the flowering specimen you sent is identified as Garcinia xanthochymus<\/i> Hook. F ex. T. Anderson.\u00a0bearing young fruits.<\/p>\n


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    Tamal tree<\/a>\u00a0: 4 posts by 3 authors.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    Just found your post below from 2008 while doing a Google Search on the Tamal tree.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
    Is it<\/span> <\/span>(<\/span>Garcinia xanthochymus<\/i>)\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Mysore Gamboge<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
    As mentioned here<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
    https:\/\/www.flowersofindia.<\/span>net\/mythology.html<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>
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    I am a novice tree planter who interacts very occasionally. This tamale tree is reportedly only in 3 places in India as seen from A Tamil Notice Board in a place called Thennangur Temple near Vandavashi. It is worth visiting by enthusiasts.
    \nThe temple has Orissa Architecture and dedicated to Lord Panduranga. The walls of this temple are decorated with Fibre glass Images. Lots of information about this temple is in Google search.
    \nAny interested person can speak to me on phone …
    \nThis place is about 100 Km’s from Chennai<\/p>\n


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    Garcinia xanthochymus<\/a> : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (5)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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    Garcinia xanthochymus<\/i> seedling<\/div>\n
    Seed collected from roadside tree<\/span> in KA last summer. Near Madikeri district.<\/span><\/div>\n
    Dormant for about 2 months<\/div>\n
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    Unexpected\u00a0 germination…<\/p>\n


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    \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/garcinia%20xanthochymus%20full%20tree.JPG\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Garcinia%20xanthochymus%20leaves%20flowers.JPG\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Garcinia%20xanthochymus%20female%20flower.JPG\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Garcinia%20xanthochymus%20flowers%20strewn%20on%20floor.JPG\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Garcinia%20xanthochymus%20leaves%20flower%20buds.JPG\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/P1040312-Vilayati%20Kokam-very%20sour-.JPG\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/gar.JPG\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/gar1.JPG\"<\/a><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
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    at Rani baug, Mumbai on 18 July, ’10;<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nTamala – indiantreepix | Google Groups<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\nRequest for ID: 180110-AK-1 – efloraofindia | Google Groups<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\nGarcinia Xanthochymus – efloraofindia | Google Groups<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\nGarcinia xanthochymus Hook. f. ex Anders – efloraofindia | Google Groups<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
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    Garcinia xanthochymus Hook. f. SN3220<\/a> : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (2)<\/span><\/div>\n
    Wild as well as cultivated tree<\/span>, leaves large, drooping and showy<\/span>, fruit acid to taste, suitable for making juice. <\/span>from Calicut area.<\/span><\/div>\n
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    Need plant \/ seed of Mysore Gamboge (Yellow Mangosteen)<\/a> : 5 posts by 3 authors.<\/div>\n
    I am looking for information about Mysore Gamboge (yellow mangosteen) tree. I want to protect this species and distribute it in western ghats, where they were earlier very common, but slowly becoming difficult to sight. Can someone please help me find it?<\/div>\n
    I’d be willing to pay any costs for transportation\/ foraging etc to gather it.<\/div>\n
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    Disclaimer : I’m a garcenia fan.<\/p>\n


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    Check this link for on line supply:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    https:\/\/www.plantslive.in\/gamboge-tree-plant-online-india\/<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
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    Also try with Kerala Forest Department.<\/p>\n


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    It’s out of stock<\/p>\n


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    Inf. at Garcinia xanthochymus<\/em><\/span><\/a>\u00a0may be of some help in finding it.<\/p>\n


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    Check with Kerala Forest Department Nurseries.<\/p>\n


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    .<\/span><\/p>\n


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    Clusiaceae: Garcinia xanthochymus Hook. f. ex T. Anderson<\/a>: 1 image.
    \nlocation\/date:\u00a0Thirthahalli, Shimoga Distr., Karnataka<\/span>, July 1997<\/p>\n
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    .<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    References:<\/div>\n
    http:\/\/www.theplantlist.org\/tpl\/record\/kew-2817262<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
    Henriette’s plant photos: Garcinia xanthochymus Hook. f. ex T. Anderson, Clusiaceae.<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
    Gamboge – Garcinia tinctoria<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Garcinia xanthochymus Hook.f. ex T.Anderson , Fl. Brit. India 1: 269 1874. (syn. Garcinia pictoria (Roxb.) Dunn [Illegitimate]; Garcinia pictoria (Roxb.) Engl.; Garcinia roxburghii Kurz [Illegitimate]; Garcinia tinctoria (DC.) W.Wight; Garcinia tinctoria (DC.) Dunn; Stalagmitis pictoria G.Don\u00a0(Unresolved); Xanthochymus pictorius Roxb.; Xanthochymus tinctorius DC.); . Tamala, Mysore gamboge , sour mangosteen…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"ht-kb-category":[5594],"ht-kb-tag":[],"class_list":["post-1231659","ht_kb","type-ht_kb","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","ht_kb_category-garcinia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/1231659","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/ht_kb"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1231659"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/1231659\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1231659"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"ht_kb_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb-category?post=1231659"},{"taxonomy":"ht_kb_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb-tag?post=1231659"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}