{"id":1248341,"date":"2011-03-29T05:14:48","date_gmt":"2011-03-29T05:14:48","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-12-24T18:49:07","modified_gmt":"2024-12-24T13:19:07","slug":"schinus-molle","status":"publish","type":"ht_kb","link":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/efi\/schinus-molle\/","title":{"rendered":"Schinus molle (Cultivated- USA)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Schinus<\/i> molle<\/i> L.<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/a>, Sp. Pl. 388 1753<\/i>. (syn. Schinus<\/i> angustifolia<\/i> Sess\u00e9 & Moc.<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/a>; Schinus<\/i> bituminosus<\/i> Salisb.<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/a>; Schinus<\/i> huigan<\/i> Molina<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/a>; Schinus<\/i> molle<\/i> var.<\/span> argentifolius<\/i> Marchand<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/a>; Schinus<\/i> molle<\/i> var.<\/span> huigan<\/i> (Molina) Marchand<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/a>; Schinus<\/i> molle<\/i> var.<\/span> huyngan<\/i> (Molina) March.<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/a>; Schinus<\/i> molle<\/i> var.<\/span> molle<\/i> <\/font><\/span><\/a>; Schinus<\/i> occidentalis<\/i> Sess\u00e9 & Moc.<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/a>);<\/div>\n
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Peruvian pepper<\/b> (Schinus molle<\/i>, also known as American pepper<\/b>, Peruvian peppertree<\/b>, escobilla<\/b>, false pepper<\/b>, molle del Peru<\/b>, pepper tree<\/b>,[<\/span>2]<\/span><\/font><\/font><\/a><\/sup> peppercorn tree<\/b>, Californian pepper tree<\/b>, pirul<\/b> and Peruvian mastic<\/b>[<\/span>3]<\/span><\/font><\/font><\/a><\/sup>) is an evergreen tree<\/font><\/a> that grows to 15 meters (50 feet). It is native to the Peruvian<\/font><\/a> Andes<\/font><\/a>. The bright pink fruits of Schinus molle<\/i> are often sold as “pink peppercorns” although S. molle<\/i> is unrelated to true pepper (Piper nigrum<\/font><\/a><\/i>).\u00a0<\/div>\n

Schinus molle<\/i> is a quick growing evergreen tree that grows to 15\u00a0meters (50\u00a0feet) tall and 5\u201310\u00a0meters (16\u201333\u00a0feet) wide.[<\/span>3]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup> It is the largest of all Schinus<\/a><\/i> species and potentially the longest lived.[<\/span>4]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup> The upper branches of the tree tend to droop.[<\/span>3]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup> The tree’s <\/font>pinnately compound<\/font><\/a> leaves measure 8\u201325\u00a0cm long \u00d7 4\u20139\u00a0cm wide and are made up of 19-41 <\/font>alternate<\/font><\/a> leaflets.[<\/span>3]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup>[<\/span>4]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup> Male and female flowers occur on separate plants (<\/font>dioecious<\/font><\/a>).[<\/span>3]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup> <\/font>Flowers<\/font><\/a> are small, white and borne profusely in panicles at the ends of the drooping branches.[<\/span>4]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup> The <\/font>fruit<\/font><\/a> are 5\u20137\u00a0mm diameter round <\/font>drupes<\/font><\/a> with woody seeds that turn from green to red, pink or purplish,[<\/span>3]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup> carried in dense clusters of hundreds of berries that can be present year-round.[<\/span>4]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup> The rough grayish bark is twisted and drips sap.[<\/span>3]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup> The bark, leaves and berries are aromatic when crushed.[<\/span>3]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup><\/font>\u00a0<\/div>\n
S. molle<\/i> is native to the arid zone of Northern South America and Peru’s Andean deserts, and goes to Central <\/font>Argentina<\/font><\/a> and Central <\/font>Chile<\/font><\/a>.[<\/span>3]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup> It has, however, become widely naturalized around the world where it has been planted as an ornamental and for spice production.[<\/span>5]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup><\/font> S. molle<\/i> is a drought tolerant, long-lived, hardy evergreen species that has become a serious invasive weed internationally.[<\/span>5]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup><\/font>\u00a0<\/div>\n
Although not related to commercial pepper (Piper nigrum<\/a><\/i>)[<\/span>3]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup> the pink\/red berries are sold as <\/font>pink peppercorns<\/font><\/a> and often blended with commercial pepper.[<\/span>3]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup> The fruit and leaves are, however, potentially poisonous to poultry, pigs and possibly calves.[<\/span>3]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup> Records also exist of young children who have experienced vomiting and diarrhea after eating the fruit.[<\/span>3]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup><\/font><\/div>\n
Extracts of S. molle<\/i> have been used as a flavor in drinks and syrups.[<\/span>7]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup><\/font><\/div>\n
In traditional medicine, S. molle<\/i> was used in treating a variety of wounds and infections due to its antibacterial and antiseptic properties.[<\/span>7]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup> It has also been used as an antidepressant and diuretic, and for toothache, rheumatism and menstrual disorders,[<\/span>7]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup> with recent studies in mice providing possible support for its antidepressant effects.[<\/span>8]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup>[<\/span>9]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup> It has also been speculated that S. molle’<\/i>s insecticidal properties make it a good candidate for use as an alternative to synthetic chemicals in pest control.[<\/span>7]<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/sup><\/font>\u00a0<\/div>\n
The leaves are also used for the natural dyeing of textiles in the Andean region. This practice dates back to pre-Columbian times.<\/font>\u00a0<\/div>\n
(From Wikipedia<\/font><\/a>\u00a0on 27.10.14)\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n
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Images by Aarti S Kahle<\/font><\/a> (Validated by Gurcharan Singh) (Inserted by J.M.Garg)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Schinus molle : California : 18OCT14 : AK-11<\/a> : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (5).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Schinus molle<\/i> from Fremont on 28th Sept,14.<\/font><\/p>\n
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Yes … Nice photographs<\/p>\n
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Plants From Australia 2018:: Schinus molle from Victoria-NS August 01<\/a>\u00a0: 10 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (5<\/font>)<\/font> <\/div>\n
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This is a successful invasive in Australia..<\/font><\/div>\n
Schinus molle<\/i>…<\/div>\n
pics recorded from Kurunjang, Victoria, June 2018<\/font><\/p>\n
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yes and its “invasive” in tropical areas becuase it continuously produces seeds, which sprout when conditions are favorable.<\/font><\/p>\n
and <\/font>UC Riverside prof Howard described <\/font><\/a>it way back when as having Phenotypic plasticity which helps it accommodate itself to warm dry climate too.<\/font><\/div>\n
((IT WAS ALWAYS BROUGHT IN DELIBERATELY AS in USA and Australia that i know of as\u00a0A STREET TREE OR GARDEN TREE BECAUSE OF ITS GRACEFUL LEAVES AND\u00a0RED BERRIES by all countries that are moaning about it.\u00a0I think its height of absurdity to now call it a\u00a0weed and to put it on a 100 worst weed list by a semi-commercial site from england<\/font><\/a>)).<\/div>\n
Nearby to Riverside is President Nixon’s home, according to their docents, in his ancestral\u00a0home garden is about 100 years old Schinus Molle<\/i>. I photographed in 2007.<\/div>\n
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They said its well cared for, grass grows underneath its drip-line and has not invaded any\u00a0structures on the property.<\/div>\n
Since then I have discovered at least\u00a0a 100 in the same vicinity.<\/div>\n
most seem to be deliberately planted by street authorities or Parks department in Southern California.<\/div>\n
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I love these graceful breezy green foliage that seems to want to drape delicately,\u00a0slight wind \/breeze makes the leaves flutter gracefully and the red berries are a delight..<\/div>\n
But when the pollen come out, watch out for nasal allergies .<\/div>\n
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I have seen this tree (lonely) in University Campus, Mysore\u00a0 when I was a student.\u00a0Now it is extinct.\u00a0If I am right the tree has a peculiar adour. Does it ?<\/p>\n
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yes … it exudes a series of tiny droplets of amber colored resin, sometimes a whitish one esp in dry southern california air, sticky and it does have a aroma like pine<\/font>. I had nice pictures of it, but hard disk here ate them and can not be salvaged\u00a0three years worth of about 20,000 pictures are gone.<\/p>\n
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a paper from Peru and Missouri Botanical garden shows five terpenes in the resin<\/font><\/a>
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and the resin is of medicinal importance. its active against many bacteria, including Staph aureus and Bacillus subtilis\u00a0(the last two are in this pdf above).\u00a0there are many papers on the internet.<\/font><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
sorry the tree in mysore died. (it did not go extinct though), there are thousands of them all over the world and most of these countries are trying to eradicate them. there are continuing research on antidepressant and anticancer and even\u00a0anti-tick chemicals in both “weedy” schinus trees, and a cynical comment is that as soon as a patent is filed by any one country,\u00a0these trees will cease to be weeds to be eradicated, mark my word.<\/p>\n
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Thanks … for the valuable information. Now I can recollect\u00a0my P.G. student days when I identified this plant\u00a0 and experienced the smell and all the observations you have mentioned.\u00a0 I remember to have seen this plant later in USA as well but forgotten where?<\/p>\n

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you most likely saw\u00a0it in sothern California or isolated areas of texas or many places in Florida.<\/p>\n

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Plants From Australia 2018:: Schinus molle-NS April 2020-17<\/a> :<\/p>\n
6 posts by 5 authors. Attachments<\/span> (5<\/font>)<\/font><\/span>.<\/div>\n

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This tree was found along roadsides, at many places<\/font> around Melbourne….<\/font><\/div>\n
Schinus molle<\/i>..<\/div>\n

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Beautiful photos.\u00a0There were a few trees\u00a0species\u00a0behind the University.\u00a0I have seen them\u00a0when I was a student.\u00a0But\u00a0now they are extinct.\u00a0The plant smell is unique.<\/p>\n

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References:<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/font>The Plant List Ver.1.1<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0India Biodiversity Portal<\/a> \u00a0World Agroforestery<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0Wikipedia<\/a>
\n \u00a0PFAF<\/a>\u00a0 HEAR<\/a>\u00a0 PIER species info<\/font><\/a>\u00a0 Database entry for Schinus molle – Brazillian Peppertree, Schinus molle – Brazillian Peppertree, Schinus molle<\/font><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Schinus molle L., Sp. Pl. 388 1753. (syn. Schinus angustifolia Sess\u00e9 & Moc.; Schinus bituminosus Salisb.; Schinus huigan Molina; Schinus molle var. argentifolius Marchand; Schinus molle var. huigan (Molina) Marchand; Schinus molle var. huyngan (Molina) March.; Schinus molle var. molle ; Schinus occidentalis Sess\u00e9 & Moc.); Peruvian pepper (Schinus molle,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"ht-kb-category":[5902],"ht-kb-tag":[],"class_list":["post-1248341","ht_kb","type-ht_kb","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","ht_kb_category-schinus"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/1248341","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/ht_kb"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1248341"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/1248341\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1248341"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"ht_kb_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb-category?post=1248341"},{"taxonomy":"ht_kb_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb-tag?post=1248341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}