{"id":1266227,"date":"2011-03-19T13:33:17","date_gmt":"2011-03-19T13:33:17","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-12-24T18:50:22","modified_gmt":"2024-12-24T13:20:22","slug":"pedalium-murex","status":"publish","type":"ht_kb","link":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/efi\/pedalium-murex\/","title":{"rendered":"Pedalium murex"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n
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Pedalium<\/i> murex<\/i> L., Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1123 1123 1759<\/i>. (Syn: Murex burmannii<\/em> Kuntze; Pedalium<\/em> microcarpum<\/i> Decne.<\/span><\/a>; Pedalium<\/i> muricatum<\/i> Salisb.<\/span><\/a>; Rogeria<\/i> microcarpa<\/i> Klotzsch<\/span><\/a>);<\/div>\n
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Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania, Zanzibar, Somalia, Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, Togo, Benin, Mozambique, Comores (Mayotte, etc.), Madagascar, Socotra, India, Sri Lanka,<\/span> Egypt (SE-Egypt), Yemen (W-Yemen: Tihama), Pakistan (Sind), Myanmar [Burma] (Magway, Mandalay),<\/span> Vietnam<\/span> as per Catalogue of Life<\/a>;
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pe-DAH-li-um<\/b>\u00a0—\u00a0pedalion<\/i>, a rudder, dilated angles of the fruit<\/span> …\u00a0Loudon’s Hortus Britannicus<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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MYOOR-eks<\/b>\u00a0— Latin:\u00a0murex<\/i>\u00a0— rough, spiny<\/span> …\u00a0Wiktionary<\/a>
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commonly known as<\/b>: crow thorn, elephant caltrop, large caltrops \u2022\u00a0Arabic<\/b>: khasak-e-kabir \u2022\u00a0Gujarati<\/b>: \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac1 \u0aac\u0acb\u0aa1\u0ac1\u0a82 gokharu bodu, \u0a95\u0aa1\u0ab5\u0abe \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac1 kadva gokharu, \u0aae\u0acb\u0a9f\u0abe \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac1 mota gokharu, \u0a89\u0aad\u0abe \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac1 ubha gokharu \u2022\u00a0Haryanvi<\/b>: \u092c\u0921\u093e \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 bada gokharu \u2022\u00a0Hindi<\/b>: \u092c\u0921\u093e \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 bada gokharu, \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0941 dakshini gokharu, \u092b\u093c\u0930\u0940\u0926 \u092c\u0942\u091f\u0940 farid buti, \u0915\u0921\u0935\u093e \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 kadva gokharu \u2022\u00a0Kachchhi<\/b>: \u0a95\u0aa1\u0ac1\u0a86 \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac2 kadua gokharu, \u0a89\u0aad\u0ac7\u0ab0\u0abe \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac2 ubhera gokharu \u2022\u00a0Kannada<\/b>: \u0c86\u0ca8\u0cc6 \u0ca8\u0cc6\u0c97\u0ccd\u0c97\u0cbf\u0cb2\u0cc1 aane neggilu, \u0ca6\u0cca\u0ca1\u0ccd\u0ca1 \u0ca8\u0cc6\u0c97\u0ccd\u0c97\u0cbf\u0cb2\u0cc1 dodda neggilu, \u0ca6\u0cca\u0ca1\u0ccd\u0ca1 \u0ca8\u0cc0\u0cb0\u0c82\u0c9c\u0cbf dodda niranji \u2022\u00a0Konkani<\/b>: \u092d\u0930\u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 bhargokharu \u2022\u00a0Malayalam<\/b>: \u0d06\u0d28\u0d2f\u0d3f\u0d30\u0d41\u0d24\u0d4d\u0d24\u0d3f\u0d2e\u0d41\u0d33\u0d4d\u0d33\u0d4d aanayiruthimullu, \u0d15\u0d3e\u0d15\u0d4d\u0d15\u0d2e\u0d41\u0d33\u0d4d\u0d33\u0d4d kaakkamullu \u2022\u00a0Marathi<\/b>: \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 gokharu, \u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u091a\u0930\u093e\u091f\u0947 hatticharate, \u092e\u093e\u0933\u0935\u0940 \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 malavi gokharu, \u092e\u094b\u0920\u093e \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 motha gokharu \u2022\u00a0Odia<\/b>: \u0b17\u0b4b\u0b15\u0b4d\u0b37\u0b41\u0b30 gokshura \u2022\u00a0Persian<\/b>: khasak-e-kalan \u2022\u00a0Punjabi<\/b>: \u0a17\u0a4b\u0a16\u0a30\u0a42\u0a15\u0a32\u0a28 gokhrukalan \u2022\u00a0Rajasthani<\/b>: \u092c\u0921\u093e \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0941\u0930\u0942 bada gokhuru \u2022\u00a0Sanskrit<\/b>: \u092c\u0943\u0939\u0924\u094d \u0917\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0941\u0930 brihat gokshura, \u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0917\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0941\u0930 tikta gokshura \u2022\u00a0Santali<\/b>: \u092c\u095c\u093e \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0941\u0930 bara gokhur \u2022\u00a0Tamil<\/b>: \u0b86\u0ba9\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf anai-nerunci, \u0b95\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd kakkay-mul, \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf peru-nerunci \u2022\u00a0Telugu<\/b>: \u0c0f\u0c28\u0c41\u0c17\u0c41 \u0c2a\u0c32\u0c4d\u0c32\u0c47\u0c30\u0c41 enugu palleru, \u0c2a\u0c32\u0c4d\u0c32\u0c47\u0c30\u0c41 palleru \u2022\u00a0Tulu<\/b>: \u0c86\u0ca8\u0cc6\u0ca8\u0cc7\u0c97\u0cbf\u0cb2\u0ccd aanenegilu<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Names compiled \/ updated at\u00a0https:\/\/dineshvalke.blogspot.com\/2024\/03\/pedalium-murex-l.html<\/a>
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\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Tribulus%20terrestris.JPG\"<\/a><\/div>\n
\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Tribulus%20terrestris%20-4--9.JPG\"<\/a><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
Tribulus terrestris:<\/a>
\nToday at Alibag coast<\/span>
\nTribulus terrestris<\/i>
\nMarathi name Gokharu<\/div>\n
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if I am not mistaken, it is totally some thing different. The leaves are simple<\/span> is your plant, and fruit slightly similar just in topography.<\/p>\n

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Extremely sorry,<\/div>\n
It is Pedalium murex
\n<\/i>Marathi common name remains same<\/span><\/div>\n
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Had heard about Gokharu Khada<\/b> but never seen the flower looks interesting appears to have one bigger petal than the rest<\/span><\/p>\n

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Yes …, this is <\/i>Pedalium murex<\/i>. Nice catch.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Pedalium%20murex%20whole%20plant.jpg\"\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Pedalium%20murex%20leaves.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Pedalium%20murex%20habitat.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/pedalium%20murex%20flower.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/pedalium%20murex%20branching.jpg\"
\n[EfloraofIndia_020212PD04_Pedalium murex_Flora of Odisha]:<\/a> sharing images of Pedalium murex<\/i> taken from Ranpur<\/span><\/p>\n
Name: Pedalium murex<\/i><\/div>\n
Family: Pedaliaceae<\/i><\/div>\n
Habit: Herb<\/span><\/div>\n
Habitat: Wild, on grasslands
\n<\/span>Place of collection: <\/span>Ranpur, Nayagarh, Odisha<\/span><\/div>\n
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Neat and great set<\/span><\/p>\n

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\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/herb%20for%20id%20habitat-8.jpg\"\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/herb%20for%20id%207.jpg\"\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/herb%20for%20id%206.jpg\"<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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07012013 BRS 429:<\/a>
\nPl. find the attached file contain photos for id. request.
\nLocation: Muthukadu, Vilupuram Dist.,
\n<\/span>Date: 18.12.2012
\nHabitat: Brackish water
\nHabit: Herb.<\/span><\/p>\n

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This is Pedalium murex<\/i> L. of Pedaliaceae<\/i>, a naturalised Tropical American plant.
\n<\/span>Tamil name: <\/span>Perunerunji, Yanai nerunji<\/b><\/div>\n
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Thanks … widely seen along the brackish water habitat.<\/span><\/div>\n
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\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/herb%20for%20id-9-2.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/herb%20for%201id.jpg\"
\nBRS 485 22072013<\/a> : Attachments (2). 4 posts by 3 authors.<\/p>\n

Pl. find the attached file contain photos for id. confirmation.<\/div>\n
Date: 21.07.2013<\/span><\/div>\n
Location: Chennai<\/span><\/div>\n
Habitat: Urban
\n<\/span>Habit: Herb<\/span><\/div>\n
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I think Pedalium murex<\/i> (Family: Pedaliaceae<\/i>).<\/p>\n

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yes Pedalium murex<\/i>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Copy%20of%20Sonkhaliya%20161.jpg\"<\/a><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Is it Pedalium murex ?<\/a> : Attachments (1). 3 posts by 2 authors.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Flower for Id pl. Is it Pedalium murex<\/i> ?
\nLocation –Sonkhaliya (near Ajmer, Rajasthan)
\nDate- 10.8.2013<\/span>
\nHabitat –Wild<\/span><\/p>\n

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Yes …, this is Pedalium murex<\/i>.. nice picture..<\/p>\n

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<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/IMG_3670.jpg\"<\/a><\/div>\n
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Daman (Devka Beach)-<\/span> 20-11-2009;<\/td>\nPedalium murex-201209PKA2 – efloraofindia | Google Groups<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
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\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Wildflower-ID4-AV-Wetlands-.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Wildflower-ID4a-AV-Wetlands.jpg\"<\/a>
\nWildflower ID Request (3) – Damdama Lake area-SJ:23Aug09 – indiantreepix | Google Groups<\/span><\/a> : 2 images.
\nHere is the third wildflower.
\n<\/span>Thank you very much for your help with the IDs.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Nice pix of Common Pedalium<\/strong> (Pedalium murex) <\/em>?<\/div>\n
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Yes, it is Pedalium murex<\/em>.<\/p>\n

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Yes …, it is Pedalium murex<\/em>.<\/p>\n

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\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Plant%2015.jpeg\"<\/a><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
15082018 SD 1<\/a> : 5 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (1)
\n<\/span>Plant ID?<\/span><\/div>\n
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Location: Aravalli Biodiversity park<\/span><\/div>\n
Habitat: Wild<\/span><\/div>\n
Habit: Shrub<\/span><\/div>\n
Pic taken on 14\/08\/2018<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Pedalium murex<\/i> L. [Pedaliaceae<\/i>].<\/p>\n

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Pedalium murex<\/i>\u00a0L.\u00a0A weed often seen in open lands<\/span> here at Mysore.
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Nepali name(s) of Pedalium murex<\/a> : 3 posts by 2 authors.
\nPlease help me with Nepali name(s) of <\/span>Pedalium murex<\/i> – not sure whether distributed in Nepal.<\/span><\/div>\n
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It is not listed in Nepal.<\/p>\n

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Names of Plants in India :: Pedalium murex L.<\/a> : 3 posts by 2 authors.<\/div>\n
via Species<\/span><\/a>\u200e > \u200eP<\/span><\/a>\u200e ><\/div>\n
Pedalium murex<\/i> L. … family<\/b>: Pedaliaceae<\/div>\n
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\"Flowers<\/a>\u00a0\"Discussions<\/a>\u00a0\"more<\/a>\u00a0\"more<\/a>
\npe-DAH-li-um<\/b> — pedalion<\/i>, a rudder, dilated angles of the fruit<\/span> … Loudon’s Hortus Britannicus<\/span><\/a>
\nMYOOR-eks<\/b> — Latin: murex<\/i> — rough, spiny<\/span>
\ncommonly known as<\/b>: crow thorn<\/span><\/a>, elephant caltrop<\/span><\/a>, large caltrops<\/span><\/a> \u2022 Gujarati<\/b>: \u0a95\u0aa1\u0ab5\u0abe \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac1 kadva gokharu<\/span><\/a>, \u0aae\u0acb\u0a9f\u0abe \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac1 mota gokharu<\/span><\/a>, \u0a89\u0aad\u0abe \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac1 ubha gokharu<\/span><\/a> \u2022 Hindi<\/b>: \u092c\u0921\u093e \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0941\u0930\u0942 bada gokhuru<\/span><\/a>, \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0941 dakshini gokharu<\/span><\/a>, \u092b\u093c\u0930\u0940\u0926 \u092c\u0942\u091f\u0940 farid buti<\/span><\/a>, \u0915\u0921\u0935\u093e \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 kadva gokharu<\/span><\/a> \u2022 Kachchhi<\/b>: \u0a95\u0aa1\u0ac1\u0a86 \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac2 kadua gokharu<\/span><\/a>, \u0a89\u0aad\u0ac7\u0ab0\u0abe \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac2 ubhera gokharu<\/span><\/a> \u2022 Kannada<\/b>: \u0c86\u0ca8\u0cc6\u0ca8\u0cc6\u0c97\u0ccd\u0c97\u0cbf\u0cb2\u0cc1 aane-neggilu<\/span><\/a>, \u0ca6\u0cca\u0ca1\u0ccd\u0ca1\u0ca8\u0cc6\u0c97\u0ccd\u0c97\u0cbf\u0cb2\u0cc1 doddaneggilu<\/span><\/a> \u2022 Malayalam<\/b>: \u0d15\u0d3e\u0d15\u0d4d\u0d15\u0d2e\u0d41\u0d32\u0d4d\u0d32 kakkamulla<\/span><\/a> \u2022 Marathi<\/b>: \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 gokharu<\/span><\/a>, \u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u091a\u0930\u093e\u091f\u0947 hatticharate<\/span><\/a>, \u092e\u093e\u0933\u0935\u0940 \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 malavi gokharu<\/span><\/a>, \u092e\u094b\u0920\u093e \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 motha gokharu<\/span><\/a> \u2022 Odia<\/b>: \u0b17\u0b4b\u0b15\u0b4d\u0b37\u0b41\u0b30 gokshura<\/span><\/a> \u2022 Persian<\/b>: \u062e\u0633\u0643 khasak<\/span><\/a> \u2022 Rajasthani<\/b>: \u092c\u0921\u093e \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0941\u0930\u0942 bada gokhuru<\/span><\/a> \u2022 Sanskrit<\/b>: \u092c\u0943\u0939\u0924\u094d \u0917\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0941\u0930 brihat gokshura<\/span><\/a>, \u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0917\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0941\u0930 tikta gokshura<\/span><\/a> \u2022 Tamil<\/b>: \u0b86\u0ba9\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf anai-nerunci<\/span><\/a>, \u0b95\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd kakkay-mul<\/span><\/a>, \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf peru-nerunci<\/span><\/a> \u2022 Telugu<\/b>: \u0c0f\u0c28\u0c41\u0c17\u0c41 \u0c2a\u0c32\u0c4d\u0c32\u0c47\u0c30\u0c41 enugu palleru<\/span><\/a>, \u0c2a\u0c32\u0c4d\u0c32\u0c47\u0c30\u0c41 palleru<\/span><\/a> \u2022 Tulu<\/b>: \u0c86\u0ca8\u0cc6\u0ca8\u0cc7\u0c97\u0cbf\u0cb2\u0ccd aanenegilu<\/span><\/a>
\nbotanical names<\/b>: Pedalium murex<\/i> L. … synonyms<\/b>: Murex burmannii<\/i> Kuntze \u2022 Pedalium microcarpum<\/i> (Klotzsch) Decne. \u2022 Pedalium muricatum<\/i> Salisb. \u2022 Rogeria microcarpa<\/i> Klotzsch … status at GBIF<\/span><\/a>
\n October 14, 2019 … Puducherry<\/span><\/p>\n

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Very nice.\u00a0This is often seen in my neighborhood. The Kannada names are correct.<\/div>\n
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pe-DAH-li-um<\/b>\u00a0—\u00a0pedalion<\/i>, a rudder, dilated angles of the fruit<\/span> …\u00a0Loudon’s Hortus Britannicus<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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MYOOR-eks<\/b>\u00a0— Latin:\u00a0murex<\/i>\u00a0— rough, spiny<\/span> …\u00a0Wiktionary<\/a><\/p>\n

commonly known as<\/b>: crow thorn, elephant caltrop, large caltrops \u2022\u00a0Arabic<\/b>: khasak-e-kabir \u2022\u00a0Gujarati<\/b>: \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac1 \u0aac\u0acb\u0aa1\u0ac1\u0a82 gokharu bodu, \u0a95\u0aa1\u0ab5\u0abe \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac1 kadva gokharu, \u0aae\u0acb\u0a9f\u0abe \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac1 mota gokharu, \u0a89\u0aad\u0abe \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac1 ubha gokharu \u2022\u00a0Haryanvi<\/b>: \u092c\u0921\u093e \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 bada gokharu \u2022\u00a0Hindi<\/b>: \u092c\u0921\u093e \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 bada gokharu, \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0941 dakshini gokharu, \u092b\u093c\u0930\u0940\u0926 \u092c\u0942\u091f\u0940 farid buti, \u0915\u0921\u0935\u093e \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 kadva gokharu \u2022\u00a0Kachchhi<\/b>: \u0a95\u0aa1\u0ac1\u0a86 \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac2 kadua gokharu, \u0a89\u0aad\u0ac7\u0ab0\u0abe \u0a97\u0acb\u0a96\u0ab0\u0ac2 ubhera gokharu \u2022\u00a0Kannada<\/b>: \u0c86\u0ca8\u0cc6 \u0ca8\u0cc6\u0c97\u0ccd\u0c97\u0cbf\u0cb2\u0cc1 aane neggilu, \u0ca6\u0cca\u0ca1\u0ccd\u0ca1 \u0ca8\u0cc6\u0c97\u0ccd\u0c97\u0cbf\u0cb2\u0cc1 dodda neggilu, \u0ca6\u0cca\u0ca1\u0ccd\u0ca1 \u0ca8\u0cc0\u0cb0\u0c82\u0c9c\u0cbf dodda niranji \u2022\u00a0Konkani<\/b>: \u092d\u0930\u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 bhargokharu \u2022\u00a0Malayalam<\/b>: \u0d06\u0d28\u0d2f\u0d3f\u0d30\u0d41\u0d24\u0d4d\u0d24\u0d3f\u0d2e\u0d41\u0d33\u0d4d\u0d33\u0d4d aanayiruthimullu, \u0d15\u0d3e\u0d15\u0d4d\u0d15\u0d2e\u0d41\u0d33\u0d4d\u0d33\u0d4d kaakkamullu \u2022\u00a0Marathi<\/b>: \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 gokharu, \u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u091a\u0930\u093e\u091f\u0947 hatticharate, \u092e\u093e\u0933\u0935\u0940 \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 malavi gokharu, \u092e\u094b\u0920\u093e \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0930\u0942 motha gokharu \u2022\u00a0Odia<\/b>: \u0b17\u0b4b\u0b15\u0b4d\u0b37\u0b41\u0b30 gokshura \u2022\u00a0Persian<\/b>: khasak-e-kalan \u2022\u00a0Punjabi<\/b>: \u0a17\u0a4b\u0a16\u0a30\u0a42\u0a15\u0a32\u0a28 gokhrukalan \u2022\u00a0Rajasthani<\/b>: \u092c\u0921\u093e \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0941\u0930\u0942 bada gokhuru \u2022\u00a0Sanskrit<\/b>: \u092c\u0943\u0939\u0924\u094d \u0917\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0941\u0930 brihat gokshura, \u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0917\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0941\u0930 tikta gokshura \u2022\u00a0Santali<\/b>: \u092c\u095c\u093e \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0941\u0930 bara gokhur \u2022\u00a0Tamil<\/b>: \u0b86\u0ba9\u0bc8\u0ba8\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf anai-nerunci, \u0b95\u0bbe\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbe\u0baf\u0bcd\u0bae\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd kakkay-mul, \u0baa\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0ba8\u0bc6\u0bb0\u0bc1\u0b9e\u0bcd\u0b9a\u0bbf peru-nerunci \u2022\u00a0Telugu<\/b>: \u0c0f\u0c28\u0c41\u0c17\u0c41 \u0c2a\u0c32\u0c4d\u0c32\u0c47\u0c30\u0c41 enugu palleru, \u0c2a\u0c32\u0c4d\u0c32\u0c47\u0c30\u0c41 palleru \u2022\u00a0Tulu<\/b>: \u0c86\u0ca8\u0cc6\u0ca8\u0cc7\u0c97\u0cbf\u0cb2\u0ccd aanenegilu<\/p>\n

botanical names<\/b>:\u00a0Pedalium murex<\/i>\u00a0L. …\u00a0homotypic synonyms<\/b>:\u00a0Pedalium muricatum<\/i>\u00a0Salisb. …\u00a0heterotypic synonyms<\/b>:\u00a0Murex burmanni<\/i>\u00a0Kuntze \u2022\u00a0Pedalium microcarpum<\/i>\u00a0(Klotzsch) Decne. \u2022\u00a0Rogeria microcarpa<\/i>\u00a0Klotzsch …\u00a0POWO<\/a>, retrieved 24 March 2024<\/p>\n

Bibliography \/ etymology<\/div>\n
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Links listed as references in the notes below, may not remain valid permanently. Portals \/ websites have a tendency to re-organize \/ revise their content, leading to change in URLs of pages in their site. Some sites may even close down at their own will.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~<\/div>\n
written and spoken widely, in most parts of India<\/div>\n
crow thorn, elephant caltrop<\/b><\/div>\n