{"id":1314957,"date":"2012-08-18T07:08:40","date_gmt":"2012-08-18T07:08:40","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-12-24T18:43:20","modified_gmt":"2024-12-24T13:13:20","slug":"torenia-bicolor","status":"publish","type":"ht_kb","link":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/efi\/torenia-bicolor\/","title":{"rendered":"Torenia bicolor"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Torenia<\/i> bicolor<\/i> Dalzell, Hooker’s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 3: 38 1851<\/i>. ;<\/div>\n
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Decumbent annual; stem 4-angled, ciliate along the ridges near the nodes. Leaves 1.5-3.5 x 1-2.2 cm, triangular-ovate, base truncate or subcordate, margin serrate, apex acute, sparsely pubescent, membranous; petiole 1-1.5 cm long, sparsely hirsute. Flowers axillary, solitary or in pairs; pedicels 1.5-3 cm long. Calyx 1.2-1.5 cm long, keeled; keel decurrent on pedicels, glabrous. Corolla 2-2.5 cm long, deep purple or tube yellowish and lobes deep purple. Stamens 4, didynamous; anthers connate in pairs; appendage of staminal filament short, stout. Ovary oblong. Capsule 1-1.5 cm long, oblong, included; fruiting pedicles to 3.5 cm long. Seeds subglobose, rugose. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Flowering and fruiting: Throughout the year<\/span><\/div>\n
Marshy areas<\/span><\/div>\n
Western Ghats<\/span><\/div>\n
(From India Biodiversity Portal<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
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Attributions- Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi<\/span><\/a>)
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Torenia bicolor<\/span><\/i> is endemic to the Western Ghats, reported from Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

It grows in open moist places along the ghats and in coastal plains. The common habitats are waterlogged rocky plateaus, fallow rice fields, stream edges etc.<\/span><\/div>\n
(From\u00a0 IUCN Red List (LC)<\/span><\/a>\u00a0)
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Kerala Wildflower ID request – efloraofindia | Google Groups<\/span><\/a> : 5 posts by 4 authors. 3 correct images as above.
\njust returned from a wonderful 6 days <\/span>in Silent Valley and Thattekad<\/span>. Would appreciate ID of the attached images.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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I think the purple flower belongs to the genus Torenia<\/i> (Family Scrophulariaceae<\/i>). I don’t know the species. We call it ‘kakka poovu’<\/b> (crow flower)<\/b> in Malayalam which used to be common in our paddy lands and wetlands.<\/span><\/p>\n

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I think Sandhya ji is right. It can be Torenia asiatica<\/i> (= T. bicolor<\/i>).<\/div>\n
The first picture could be of a Burmannia<\/i> species.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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The first one looks like Burmannia coelestis.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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… is right. These images are of Torenia bicolor<\/i><\/span> Dalzell<\/span><\/u><\/a><\/p>\n

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\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scrophulariaceae%20-4-.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scrophulariaceae%20-1-.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scrophulariaceae%20-3-.jpg\"<\/a><\/a><\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scrophulariaceae.jpg\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Scrophulariaceae for identification 100812MK02:<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Please help me to identify this trailing herb found on a mud road<\/span>. Is it any Scrophulariaceae<\/i>?<\/div>\n
Leaf: 2-3cm across<\/span><\/div>\n
Flower: 5cm long<\/span><\/div>\n
Herb trailing herb with rooting at base<\/span><\/div>\n
Date: 01 Aug 2012<\/span><\/div>\n
Alt.: 1088 m asl
\n<\/span>Place: Solayar, Valparai, TN<\/span><\/div>\n
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Yes it is Torenia bicolor<\/i> of Scrophulariaceae<\/i> family.<\/div>\n
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\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/T.cordifolia.jpg\"<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

131011GK_Torenia cordifolia<\/span><\/a>:\u00a0\u00a0Torenia cordifolia<\/i> Roxb. of Scrophulariaceae<\/i> family.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Photographed from a coffee estate<\/span> in Sringeri 12th October 2011<\/span>. The area is under total destruction as they use herbicide to kill all plants other than coffee. I havent seen this pretty species with beautiful flowers elsewhere even in the surrounding forests.
\nI had put some stems in my friends farm who keeps the local Orchid species in the soppinabetta forest that belongs to him.<\/p>\n

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I think Torenia bicolor<\/i><\/span> Dalzell<\/span><\/a>\u00a0as per images herein.<\/p>\n

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<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSC_0540-2-2.JPG\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSC_0534-3-0.JPG\"<\/a><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

ANAPR34 Torenia bicolor Dalzell<\/a> : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (7)<\/div>\n
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Family: Linderniaceae<\/i>
\nDate: March 2015
\nPlace: Aralam WLS, Kerala
\n<\/span>Habit: Herb
\nHabitat: Riparian<\/span><\/p>\n

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Beautiful pics …<\/p>\n

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Does not matches with other images at Torenia bicolor<\/i><\/span> Dalzell<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
Also does not match with images of Torenia travancorica <\/i>at https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Torenia_travancorica
\nAlso does not matches with the only image of <\/span>Torenia courtallensis<\/i>, I could find on net at (first in the bottom row):<\/span><\/div>\n
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http:\/\/circle.forest.kerala.<\/span>gov.in\/<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
Same images are on Flowers of India<\/span><\/a> site & needs a re-look.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Torenia bicolor<\/i> shows huge variation from place to place.<\/div>\n
Here it says riparian.<\/div>\n
I think the plant in the given picture is T. bicolor<\/i> only.<\/div>\n
http:\/\/www.flowersofindia<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Thanks, …,<\/div>\n
Pl. see the calyx in … images.<\/div>\n
It is so different from images at<\/div>\n
Kerala Wildflower ID request – efloraofindia | Google Groups<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
Scrophulariaceae for identification 100812MK02<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
131011GK_Torenia cordifolia<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Thanks, for the\u00a0id of Torenia hirsuta<\/i> in another thread.
\nMay I also request you for the id of this plant also (in view of your publication on similar species at <\/span>Research Gate<\/span><\/a>\u00a0which we are not able to identify so far.<\/span><\/div>\n
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The photos you send is of Torenia bicolor<\/i> Dalz.
\nIt is a common plant.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Thanks, …,<\/div>\n
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Pl. see the calyx in … images.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
It is so different from images in other threads already identified as\u00a0Torenia bicolor<\/i> Dalzell at<\/div>\n
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Kerala Wildflower ID request – efloraofindia | Google Groups<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
Scrophulariaceae for identification 100812MK02<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
131011GK_Torenia cordifolia<\/span><\/a>
\nOr these are of some other species ?<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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No sir, it is bicolour only. I had discussed this with my Ph. D student. He is also of same opinion<\/p>\n

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Thanks, …<\/div>\n
If it is so, than the images in the following links\/ threads should be of some other species, looking for wide difference between the calyx, habit of the plant etc.:<\/div>\n
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Kerala Wildflower ID request – efloraofindia | Google Groups<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
Scrophulariaceae for identification 100812MK02<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
131011GK_Torenia cordifolia<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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As per another thread<\/span><\/a>:
\nIt’s a variation only. So it doesn’t mean that these two are different species.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Fwd: Go through the link to identify Torenia<\/a> : 5 posts by 1 author.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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…\u00a0has send the following link (Identity of Kerala plants only) and they found some differences.\u00a0 Please go through the picture and see what all these are.\u00a0 You can contact him directly also and send me a copy also:<\/div>\n
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Kerala Wildflower ID request – efloraofindia | Google Groups<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
Scrophulariaceae for identification 100812MK02<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
131011GK_Torenia cordifolia<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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It is confirmed that all the images (except the first one) attached with the link corresponds to Torenia bicolor Dalz.<\/p>\n

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Thanks, …<\/div>\n
If the images at the following link are of Torenia bicolor Dalz.<\/div>\n
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Scrophulariaceae for identification 100812MK02<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
131011GK_Torenia cordifolia<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Than the images at ANAPR34 Torenia bicolor Dalzell<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(also identified as Torenia bicolor<\/i> Dalz.) are going to be of some other species.
\nPlease\u00a0confirm.<\/span><\/div>\n
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It’s a variation only. So it doesn’t mean that these two are different species.<\/p>\n

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Thanks a lot, …
\nThan what can be the species at <\/span>Kerala Wildflower ID request – efloraofindia | Google Groups<\/span><\/a>\u00a0as corolla & calyx and other aspects look similar except for the habit.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Same species, T. bicolor<\/i> Dalz.<\/p>\n

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<\/a><\/a><\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/4-Kuduremukha_12-09-2015-IMG-1668%20-80-_F.jpg\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

149-TSP-ID-31JAN2018-1: A herb @ Kuduremukh for ID assistance.<\/a> : 4 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (4)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Kindly examine and identify this plant. Could this be a Torenia <\/i>sp<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Habit: Herb<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Habitat: Wild,grassy blanks<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Sighting: Kuduremukh,Chikmagalur,Karnataka,about1400 msl<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Date: 12-09-2015<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Pl. check<\/div>\n
\/species\/a—l\/l\/linderniaceae\/torenia<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
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Thanks for the lead … I think it matches with Torenia bicolor.<\/i>
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Ref: \/species\/a—l\/l\/linderniaceae\/torenia\/torenia-bicolor<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
Ref: http:\/\/florakarnataka.ces.iisc.ernet.in\/hjcb2\/herbsheet.php?id=4056&cat=1<\/span><\/a>
\nRef: <\/span>http:\/\/www.flowersofindia<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n
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\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSC_9321a.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSC_9319a.jpg\"<\/a>\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/DSC_9318a-6.jpg\"<\/a>
\nTorenia bicolor<\/a>\u00a0: 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments <\/span>(3<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Torenia bicolor<\/i><\/div>\n
Thattekkad, near Kothamangalam, Kerala First week of October 2018<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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References:<\/div>\n
IUCN Red List (LC)<\/a>\u00a0(Torenia<\/i> bicolor<\/i> Dalzell- 2011)\u00a0India Biodiversity Portal<\/a>\u00a0(Torenia<\/i> bicolor<\/i> Dalzell)\u00a0The Plant List ver. 1.1<\/a> (Unresolved)\u00a0 Annotated checklist of the flowering plants of Nepal<\/a> (Torenia asiatica<\/i><\/b> L. syn. Torenia<\/i> bicolor<\/i> Dalzell<\/span><\/a>, Torenia<\/i> cordata<\/i> (Griff.) Dutta<\/span><\/a>, Treisteria<\/i> cordata<\/i> Griff.<\/span><\/a>)\u00a0 Flowers of India<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Torenia bicolor Dalzell, Hooker’s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 3: 38 1851. ; . Decumbent annual; stem 4-angled, ciliate along the ridges near the nodes. Leaves 1.5-3.5 x 1-2.2 cm, triangular-ovate, base truncate or subcordate, margin serrate, apex acute, sparsely pubescent, membranous; petiole 1-1.5 cm long, sparsely hirsute. Flowers axillary,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"ht-kb-category":[6139],"ht-kb-tag":[],"class_list":["post-1314957","ht_kb","type-ht_kb","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","ht_kb_category-torenia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/1314957","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/ht_kb"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1314957"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/1314957\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1314957"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"ht_kb_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb-category?post=1314957"},{"taxonomy":"ht_kb_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb-tag?post=1314957"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}