{"id":1380331,"date":"2016-09-05T08:29:39","date_gmt":"2016-09-05T08:29:39","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-12-24T18:24:04","modified_gmt":"2024-12-24T12:54:04","slug":"cenchrus-echinatus","status":"publish","type":"ht_kb","link":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/efi\/cenchrus-echinatus\/","title":{"rendered":"Cenchrus echinatus (Introduced)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Cenchrus<\/i> echinatus<\/i> L., Sp. Pl. 1050 1753<\/i>. (syn: Cenchrus<\/i> brevisetus<\/i> E.Fourn. ex Hemsl.<\/span><\/a>; Cenchrus<\/i> brevisetus<\/i> E. Fourn.<\/span><\/a>; Cenchrus<\/i> cavanillesii<\/i> Tausch<\/span><\/a> [Illegitimate]; Cenchrus<\/i> crinitus<\/i> Mez<\/span><\/a>; Cenchrus<\/i> echinatus<\/i> var. brevisetus<\/i> (E.Fourn.) Scribn.<\/span><\/a>; Cenchrus<\/i> echinatus<\/i> var. glabratus<\/i> F.Br.<\/span><\/a>; Cenchrus<\/i> echinatus<\/i> var. hillebrandianus<\/i> (Hitchc.) F.Br.<\/span><\/a>; Cenchrus<\/i> echinatus<\/i> var. morisonii<\/i> Kuntze<\/span><\/a>; Cenchrus<\/i> echinatus<\/i> var. pennisetoides<\/i> F.Br.<\/span><\/a>; Cenchrus<\/i> hexaflorus<\/i> Blanco<\/span><\/a>; Cenchrus<\/i> hillebrandianus<\/i> C.L.Hitchc.<\/span><\/a>; Cenchrus<\/i> insularis<\/i> Scribn. ex Millsp.<\/span><\/a>; Cenchrus<\/i> lechleri<\/i> Steud.<\/span><\/a> [Invalid]; Cenchrus<\/i> macrocarpus<\/i> Ledeb. ex Steud.<\/span><\/a> [Invalid]; Cenchrus<\/i> pungens<\/i> Kunth<\/span><\/a>; Panicastrella<\/i> muricata<\/i> Moench<\/span><\/a> [Illegitimate]);<\/div>\n
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\nCentral & S. U.S.A. to Tropical & Subtropical America: Alabama, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Arizona, Arkansas, Aruba, Bahamas, Belize, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, California, Cayman Is., Central American Pac, Chile North, Chile South, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Desventurados Is., District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Florida, French Guiana, Gal\u00e1pagos, Georgia, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Kansas, Kentucky, Leeward Is., Louisiana, Maryland, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mississippi, Netherlands Antilles, Nevada, New Mexico, Nicaragua, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Panam\u00e1, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, South Carolina, Southwest Caribbean, Suriname, Tennessee, Texas, Trinidad-Tobago, Turks-Caicos Is., Uruguay, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Virginia, Windward Is.;<\/span> Introduced into: Aldabra, Azores, Bangladesh, Borneo, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Caroline Is., Chagos Archipelago, China South-Central, China Southeast, Cocos (Keeling) Is., Cook Is., Czechoslovakia, Easter Is., Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Ghana, Gilbert Is., Greece, Gulf States, Hainan, Hawaii, India, Ivory Coast, Japan, Kenya, Lebanon-Syria, Lesser Sunda Is., Line Is., Madagascar, Maine, Malaya, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Mauritius, Mexican Pacific Is., Mozambique Channel I, Nansei-shoto, Nauru, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nigeria, Niue, Northern Territory, Oman, Palestine, Philippines, Phoenix Is., Rodrigues, R\u00e9union, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Society Is., Solomon Is., South China Sea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tanzania, Togo, Tokelau-Manihiki, Tonga, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Vermont, Wake I., Wallis-Futuna Is.<\/span> as per POWO<\/a>;
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\nCommon name:<\/b>\u00a0Spiny Burrgrass, Burrgrass, Burrweed, Southern Sandbur, Mossman River Grass
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Annual herbs; culms geniculate, 20-75 cm tall, tufted; nodes glabrous. Leaves 8-35 x 0.4-12 cm, linear-lanceolate, base rounded, apex acuminate, pilose on upper surface, scabrid on margins; sheaths keeled, to 12 cm long; ligule a row of hairs. Panicles spike-like, 4-10 cm long; rachis angular with sharp-edged decurrent wings, puberulous. Spikelets 3-5, 6-7 mm long, enclosed by a deciduous involucre of bristles; involucre to 8 mm long; bristles unequal, outer smaller, retrorsely barbed; lower glume c. 3 mm long, ovate, acute; upper glumes c. 5 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, 3-5 nerved. Lower floret male; upper floret bisexual; first lemma 5 – 6 mm long, ovate-lanceolate; palea c. 6 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, 2-nerved, delicate; second lemma c. 6 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, 5-nerved. Stamens 3; filaments 7-8 mm long. Ovary c. 1 mm long, globose; stigma plumose, c. 3 mm long, white. Grain 3-3.5 x 2.5-3 mm, ellipsoid. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Flowering and fruiting: October-March<\/span><\/div>\n
Along sea coasts<\/span><\/div>\n
Native of Tropical America; introduced in India and Sri Lanka
\n<\/span>(Attributions- Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi from <\/span>India Biodiversity Portal<\/span><\/a>)
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\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/IMG_0356%20Cenchrus%20echinatus%20.JPG\"<\/a><\/div>\n
\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/IMG_0115%20Cenchrus%20echinatus%20.JPG\"<\/a><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
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Submission of Cenchrus echinatus<\/a> : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (2)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Plant name<\/span>: <\/b>Cenchrus echinatus<\/i> L., Sp. Pl. 1050. 1753.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
Ver. names: Southern sandspur, Mossman river grass<\/b> (Eng.)<\/span><\/div>\n
Family: <\/b>Poaceae<\/i> <\/span><\/div>\n
D<\/span>escription: <\/b><\/span><\/span>Annual. Culms geniculately ascending; 15-60 cm tall. Leaf-blades 4\u201325 \u00d7 0.5-1cm linear-lanceolate, sheaths scabrous; ligule a fringe of hairs. Panicle spiciform 2-10cm long; axis angular; bearing deciduous spikelet clusters. Spikelets subtended by spiny cup-like involucre. Bristles red or purplish or entire spikelets purple. Fertile spikelets sessile; 2\u20133 in the cluster; ovate; dorsally compressed; acuminate; 5\u20137 mm long; falling entire. Inner bristles longer than outer; with longest bristle scarcely emergent; 2\u20135 mm long; rigid; retrorsely scaberulous; pubescent; spinose. Glumes dissimilar, shorter than spikelet; thinner than fertile lemma. Basal sterile florets barren; with palea. Fertile lemma ovate, coriaceous. Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; ellipsoid; dorsally compressed; 3 mm long.
\n<\/span><\/span>Habitat & location: <\/span>Occasional in dry sandy soils and low hills.<\/span>
\nPhotographed at Velugonda<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Thanks, …, for a new addition to efi.<\/div>\n
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References:
\nPOWO<\/a> \u00a0<\/span>Catalogue ofLife<\/a>\u00a0 The Plant List Ver.1.1<\/a> \u00a0WCSP<\/a> \u00a0IPNI<\/a> \u00a0RBG Kew: GrassBase <\/span><\/a>BSIFlora of India checklist<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0India Biodiversity Portal<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0Wikipedia<\/a>\u00a0 Flowers of India<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cenchrus echinatus L., Sp. Pl. 1050 1753. (syn: Cenchrus brevisetus E.Fourn. ex Hemsl.; Cenchrus brevisetus E. Fourn.; Cenchrus cavanillesii Tausch [Illegitimate]; Cenchrus crinitus Mez; Cenchrus echinatus var. brevisetus (E.Fourn.) Scribn.; Cenchrus echinatus var. glabratus F.Br.; Cenchrus echinatus var. hillebrandianus (Hitchc.) F.Br.; Cenchrus echinatus var. morisonii Kuntze; Cenchrus echinatus var. pennisetoides…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"ht-kb-category":[6444],"ht-kb-tag":[],"class_list":["post-1380331","ht_kb","type-ht_kb","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","ht_kb_category-cenchrus"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/1380331","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/ht_kb"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1380331"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/1380331\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1380331"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"ht_kb_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb-category?post=1380331"},{"taxonomy":"ht_kb_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efloraofindia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb-tag?post=1380331"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}