Abutilon
Keys in Flora of Peninsular India, Flora of Pakistan and Flora of China Keys as per BSI Flora of India:
. Abutilon bidentatum Hochst. ex A. Rich. (Niger to Eritrea and Namibia, S. Arabian Peninsula, Indian Subcontinent: Angola, Bangladesh, Botswana, Burundi, Caprivi Strip, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, India, Kenya, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Niger, Oman, Pakistan, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, West Himalaya, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe as per POWO)
Abutilon pictum (Gillies ex Hook.) Walp. (Cultivated)
Abutilon ×hybridum hort. ex Voss (Cultivated)
. BSI Flora of India with details & keys (Volume 3- 1993) (Distribution):
var. bidentatum (India: Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab, Delhi and Maharashtra; Pakistan, Arabia and Tropical Africa)
var. fruticosum (India: In dry deciduous forests up to 400 m. Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab and Maharashtra; Pakistan, Arabia, Tropical Africa and Indonesia(Java))
Abutilon grandifolium (Willd.) Sweet (Tropical America and Africa, cultivated as an ornamental elsewhere in tropics including India)
var. hirtum (Throughout in semiarid scrub forests up to 600 m; Semiarid tropics of the old world, introduced in tropical America)
subsp. albescens (Miq.) Borss. var. australlense Hochr. (India: Andhra Pradesh; Malesia, Australia and New Caledonia)
subsp. guineeosis (Schumach.) Borss. (India: Central to S. India; Tropical Asia, Tropical Africa, Australia)
Abutilon megapotamicum (A. Sprengel) St. Hill. & Naud. (Cultivated in the hills of Tamil Nadu; Native of Tropical America)
Abutilon pakistanicum Jafri & Ali in Jafri (India: N.W. Rajasthan; Pakistan)
Abutilon pannosum (G.Forst.) Schlect. (India: North Western to Central India and Deccan plateau in waste places up to 300 m. Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Kerala; Lanka, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Egypt and Tropical Africa)
Abutilon persicum (Burm. f.) Merr. (India: Throughout in dry deciduous forest up to 1000 m; Bhutan, Myanmar, China and Malesia)
Abutilon ramosum (Cav.) Guillemin & Perrottet in Guillemin et al. (India: Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Kerala; Pakistan and Tropical Africa)
Abutilon ranadei Woodrow & Stapf (India: Maharashtra (Ambeghat))
Abutilon striatum Dickson ex Lindley (India: Cultivated as an ornamental in the gardens, occasionally running wild in Cherrapunji hills (Meghalaya) and Nilgiri hills (Tamil Nadu); Native of Central America) (= Callianthe striata (Dicks. ex Lindl.) Donnell)
Abutilon theophrasti Medikus (India: N.W. India and Deccan plateau between 300 – 1500 m. Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu; Subtropics of the world, probably native in the Mediterranean region)
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In Flora of India vol-3 published by BSI Kolkata T.K.Paul has written the account of Malvaceae. This
document (Paul, 1993) provides key to all the Indian species of Abutilon, their description, flowering- fruiting time and distribution in India. As per this document following wild species of Abutilon are known in India- 1-Abutilon bidentatum (var. bidentatum [line diagram given], var. major)
2-A.fruticosum (var. chrysocarpa, var. fruticosum),
3-A.hirtum (var. hirtum [line diagram given], var. heterotrichum),
4-A.indicum (A.indicum ssp. albescens var. australiense, A.indicum ssp. guineensis, A.indicum ssp. indicum),
5-A.neilgherrense (var. fischeri, var. neilgherrense),
6-A.pakistanicum,
7-A.pannosum,
8-A.persicum (line diagram given),
9-A.ramosum (line diagram given),
10-A.ranadei,
11-A.striatum (= Callianthe striata (Dicks. ex Lindl.) Donnell)
12-A.theophrasti.
. Abutilon ranadei Woodr. et Stapf is mentioned as “Endangered” or “Presumed Extinct” in Red Data Book of Indian Plants Vol-1, page 198 (Nayar and Sastry, 1987). Line diagram of the species is provided in Red Data Book.
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. Species with description & pictures in Flowers of India as on 1.2.14:
. Malvaceae of Southern Peninsular India: A Taxonomic Monograph By V. V. Sivarajan, A. K. Pradeep (1996)- Great details-
Abutilon indicum subsp. guineense (Schumach.) Borss. Waalk. is a synonym of Abutilon indicum var. guineense
Abutilon ramosum (Cav.) Guill. & Perr.
Abutilon striatum Dickson ex Lindl. = Callianthe striata (Dicks. ex Lindl.) Donnell . Abutilon bidentatum var. bidentatum (India, Pakistan, Tropical Africa and Arabia)
Abutilon fruticosum var. fruitcosum (Tropical Africa, Arabia, India and Pakistan)
Abutilon grandifolium (Willd.) Sweet (Tropical America and Africa, introduced in other countries)
Abutilon hirtum var. heterotrichum (Hochst. ex Mattei) Cuf. (Ethiopia and Pakistan)
Abutilon hirtum var. hirtum (Common in tropics)
Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet (Tropics and subtropics of New and Old Worlds)
Abutilon muticum (Del.ex DC.) Sweet (Tropical Africa, Arabia, India and Pakistan)
Abutilon pakistanicum Jafri & Ali in Jafri (It is endemic to Pakistan)
Abutilon pannosum (Forst.f.) Schlecht. (Tropical Africa, Pakistan and India)
Abutilon ramosum (Cay.) Guill.& Perr. in Guill. et al (Tropical Africa, India and Pakistan)
Abutilon theophrasti Medic (Native to India; introduced and fully naturalized in North America; North Asia and Westward to South Europe. It is of rare occurrence in Pakistan)
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Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet (Himalaya, India, Ceylon, Burma, Thailand, S. China, Taiwan, S. Japan, Malaysia, Australia, Loyalty Isl.)
Abutilon persicum (Burm. f.) Merr. (Africa, W. Asia, tropical Himalaya, India, Burma, Malaysia) , Some species found in India with description & keys from Flora of China (Distribution other than China):
Abutilon hirtum var. hirtum [India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, SW Asia (Arabia), Australia].
Abutilon indicum (Linnaeus) Sweet [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
Abutilon pictum (Gillies ex Hooker) Walpers [native to South America (Brazil, Uruguay); cultivated worldwide].
Abutilon theophrasti Medikus [India, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Thailand, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Vietnam; Africa, SW Asia, Australia, Europe, North America].
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1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants edited by Kerry Scott Walter, Harriet J. Gillett
Abutilon bidentatum var. major (Blatt. & Hallb.) Bhandari is a synonym of Abutilon bidentatum Hochst. ex A.Rich. – I- Rajasthan
Abutilon fruticosum var. chrysocarpum Blatt. & Hallb. is a synonym of Abutilon fruticosum Guill. & Perr– I- Rajasthan
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An Excursion Flora of Central Tamilnadu, India By K. M. Matthew (1995)- Details with keys–
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Flora of Eastern Ghats: Hill Ranges of South East India, Volume 1 By T. Pullaiah, D. Muralidhara Rao, K. Sri Ramamurthy (2002)- Details with keys–
Abutilon indicum subsp. guineense (Schumach.) Borss. Waalk. is a synonym of Abutilon indicum var. guineense
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Medicinal Plants in Andhra Pradesh, India By T. Pullaiah (2002)- Details-
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Floriculture in India By Gurcharan Singh Randhawa, Amitabha Mukhopadhyay (1986)-
Abutilon thompsonii H.J.Veitch is a synonym of Abutilon pictum
Abutilon venosum Lem. is a synonym of Abutilon pictum .
Flora of Medak District, Andhra Pradesh, India By T. Pullaiah, Chintala Prabhakar, B. Ravi Prasad Rao (1998)- Details with keys– .
Flora of Davanagere District, Karnataka, India By B. K. Manjunatha, V. Krishna, T. Pullaiah (2004)- Details with keys– .
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Abutilon : 2 posts by 2 authors.
I have updated eFI (efloraofindia) page on Abutilon Attempts have been made to incorporate most of the species available in India & nearby areas with details & keys directly or through links as far as possible. It’s quite possible that there may be some discrepancy in the accepted names & synonyms taken from other links. Species discussed so far in efloraofindia are given at the bottom of the page in the form of links against Subpages. On clicking them one can see all the details. Any comments/ corrections are welcome. I have added the list of all species of Abutilon known in India. Red Data Book status of one species is also mentioned with reference. Further updated the Abutilon page. . Fwd: completed insertion of images of Abutilon species : 1 post by 1 author.
Some species were already done by yourself and … .
Abutilon (Malvaceae) page with images of species in efloraofindia : 1 post by 1 author.
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