Taxonomic revision of the genus Cautleya (Zingiberaceae) in India with a description of a new variety (pdf)- Kizhakkethil AISHWARYA , Mamiyil SABU- Taiwania 66(1): 79‒88, 2021:
Taxonomic key to the taxa of Cautleya:
1a. Leaves petiolate; arils in fruit prominent, completely covering the seeds ……… C. spicata
1b. Leaves sessile; arils in fruit reduced, present only at the point of connection with the placentum …… 2
2a. Rhizome running; inflorescence lax, 1−5-flowered; floral bracts extending only up to half the length of calyx or shorter (during anthesis) ……… C. gracilis var. gracilis
2b. Rhizome clump-forming; inflorescence dense, ≥10-flowered; floral bracts extending beyond half the length of calyx (during anthesis) ………. 3
3a. Floral bract and calyx glabrous; corolla tube 2.6–2.7 cm long, longer than the calyx; lateral staminodes without a red streak; stamen 1.2–1.3 cm long …….. C. gracilis var. robusta
3b. Floral bract and calyx pubescent; corolla tube 1.4−1.8 cm long, as long as the calyx; lateral staminodes with a red streak at the base along the median; stamen 2.1–2.2 cm long .. C. gracilis var. hispida
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Cautleya gracilis (Sm.) Dandy (India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh), Bhutan, China, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam as per Taxonomic revision of the genus Cautleya (Zingiberaceae) in India with a description of a new variety (pdf)- Kizhakkethil AISHWARYA , Mamiyil SABU- Taiwania 66(1): 79‒88, 2021)

  
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Cautleya gracilis var. robusta (K.Schum.) Sanjappa (Himalaya to China (Yunnan): China South-Central, East Himalaya, Nepal, Tibet, West Himalaya as per POWO)
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Cautleya spicata (Sm.) Baker (India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Uttarakhand and West Bengal), Bhutan, China, Myanmar and Nepal as per Taxonomic revision of the genus Cautleya (Zingiberaceae) in India with a description of a new variety (pdf)- Kizhakkethil AISHWARYA , Mamiyil SABU- Taiwania 66(1): 79‒88, 2021)
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List of species of Cautleya from Gingers of India (2006):
Cautleya cathcarti Baker in Hook. f., Fl Brit. Ind. 6:208. 1890.
Cautleya gracilis (J.E.Sm.) Dandy in J. Bot. 70:328. 1954.
var. gracilis
var. gracilior (K. Schum.) Sanjappa in Karthikeyan et al. Fl. Ind. Monocot. 1989
Cautleya petiolata Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 6:209. 1890.
Cautleya robusta Baker in Hook. F. Fl. Brit. Ind. 6:209. 1890
Cautleya spicata (J.E.Sm.) Baker in Hook. f., Fl Brit. Ind. 6:209. 1890.


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Karthikeyan et al. (1989) have mentioned following species of Cautleya in India:

  1. Cautleya cathcartii Baker [synonym of Cautleya gracilis var. robusta (K.Schum.) Sanjappa]
  2. C. gracilis(J.E.Sm.) Dandy
  3. C. petiolata Baker [synonym of Cautleya spicata (Sm.) Baker]
  4. C. robusta Baker [synonym of Cautleya spicata (Sm.) Baker]
  5. C. spicata (J.E.Sm.) Baker

Scrutiny in The Plant List 2013 indicates three species names as synonyms.

Reference:

Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. 1989. Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae, Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta, pp. 291.

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Cautleya (Zingiberaceae) page with comparative images:
Pl. go through‎ Cautleya (Zingiberaceae) page with comparative images of species in efloraofindia. On clicking the link of species, one can check the complete details. Genus pages generally give details of most of the species found in India.
I request you to pl. go through & point out mistakes, if any. I hope this will aid in identification in the future. If anybody can send images of other species of this genus (for incorporation in the website), if any, or can identify unidentified images, it will be really nice. Pl. circulate it widely for the benefit of all concerned.
Most of the identifications have been done by Mamiyil Sabu sir.


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