Mallotus

Mallotus atrovirens Wall. ex Müll.Arg. (SW. India as per POWO)
           

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Images by Surajit Koley & Paresh Chauri (Id by Neil Soares)

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Species as per Flora of India Vol 23 (2012) (Editors N. P. Balakrishnan, T. Chakrabarty, M. Sanjappa, P. Lakshminarsimhan & P. Singh- by Botanical Survey of India):
Mallotus atrovirens Wall. ex Müll.Arg.
Mallotus aureo-punctatus (Dalzell) Müll.Arg. (syn. of Mallotus resinosus)
Mallotus barbatus Müll.Arg.
Mallotus beddomei Hook.f. (syn. of Mallotus resinosus)
Mallotus distans Müll.Arg.
Mallotus ferrugineus (Roxb.) Müll.Arg.
Mallotus khasianus Hook.f.
Mallotus leucocarpus (Kurz) Airy Shaw
Mallotus mollissimus (Geiseler) Airy Shaw
Mallotus nepalensis Müll.Arg.
var. nepalensis
var. ochraceo-albidus (Müll.Arg.) Pax & K.Hoffm.
Mallotus peltatus (Geiseler) Müll.Arg.
var. peltatus
var. rubriflorus Chakrab.
Mallotus penangensis Müll.Arg.
Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Müll.Arg.
Mallotus repandus (Rottler ex Willd.) Müll.Arg.
Mallotus resinosus (Blanco) Merr.
var. muricatus (Wight) N.P.Balakr. & Chakrab.
var. resinosus
var. stenanthus (Müll.Arg.) Susila & N.P.Balakr.
Mallotus rhamnifolius (Rottler ex Willd.) Müll.Arg.
Mallotus roxburghianus Müll.Arg.

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Species as per Flora of India Vol 23 (2012) (Editors N. P. Balakrishnan, T. Chakrabarty, M. Sanjappa, P. Lakshminarsimhan & P. Singh- by Botanical Survey of India):
Trevia nudiflora L.
var. dentata Susila & N.P.Balakr.
var. nudiflora
var. polycarpa (Benth.) Susila & N.P.Balakr.
var. tomentosa Susila & N.P.Balakr.

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Trevia OR Trewia

… post dated 29 DEC 12 … Tree ID request – RK75 – 29-Dec-2012 is very interesting.

  • … asks … i want to know if Trevia nudiflora L. and Trewia nudiflora L. are same species …
  • … … Originally, Linnaeus (1753) spelled the genus name as ‘Trevia‘, but later he …

Trewia L. ortho.var. … orthographic variant, i.e., an incorrect alternate spelling of a name according to Article 61 of the International Code of Nomenclature (ICN) (McNeill et al., 2012). … NPGS / GRIN.

… The present code (McNeill et al., … … 2006: art. 13.4) gives priority to the original spelling given in Species Plantarum (1753) and therefore ‘Trevia‘ should be used … Malesian Euphorbiaceae Descriptions.

That is true but here is another shock from The Plant List

It lists Trevia nudiflora L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1193 1193 1753 as accepted name with all other 7 entries (there are only 8 entries under Trevia), based on TROPICOS which lists 14 synonyms including Mallotus nudiflorus (L.) Kulju & Welzen
It also lists Trewia with several names all synonyms. Interesting that it lists Trewia nudiflora L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1193 1193 1753 (obviously the same species as Trevia nudiflora as synonym of Mallotus nudiflorus (L.) Kulju & Welzen

GRIN does not list Trevia but also considers Trewia nudiflora L. as synonym of Mallotus nudiflorus (L.) Kulju & Welzen

Yes …, there seem to be more names than the plants that are named.

How wrong would it be to say that they clean up / repair their database.

Let us hope that revised list due in a month or so has lesser errors.

Trevia nudiflora L., Sp. Pl. 1193. 1753; Müll.Arg. in DC., Prodr. 15(2): 953. 1866; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 423. 1887. Mallotus nudiflorus (L.) Kulju & Welzen, Blumea 52: 124. 2007. Based on molecular studies, Kulju, Sierra& Welzen (Blumea 52: 124. 2007) merge this genus with Mallotus. The generic name Trevia L. (1753) has priority over Mallotus Lour. (1790). Kulju & Welzen (Taxon 57: 1358. 2008), has made a formal proposal for conservation of the generic name Mallotus against Trevia and it is still pending a decision. The original spelling used by Linnaeus (Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 2: 1193. 1753) is ‘Trevia’,but later he inconsistently used both ‘Trevia’ and‘Trewia’. All subsequent authors have adopted the spelling ‘Trewia’. However, Art. 13.4 of the present Code (2006) gives protection to the original spelling given in Species Plantarum, ed. 1 (1753) and therefore ‘Trevia’cannot be altered.
I am at loss to understand the situation clearly.
if “The generic name Trevia L. (1753) has priority over Mallotus Lour. (1790)” as you write
1. Priority will come into consideration only if all species are to be under one genus, which should be either Mallotus (if proposal for conserving name is accepted) or Trevia (as per present situation).
2. If some species are to be placed under Mallotus and some under Trevia, the question of priority does not arise.

I find Mallotus philippensis is still being used as correct name, and in that case question of priority does not arise.

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Trevia nudiflora & Trevia polycarpa
Dear friends,
Copying the key to four varieties of Trevia nudiflora that Dr Tapas Chakrabarty ji quoted in … Tree ID request – RK75 – 29-Dec-2012
Trevia nudiflora L., Sp. Pl. 1193. 1753; Müll.Arg. in DC., Prodr. 15(2): 953. 1866; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 423. 1887.Mallotus nudiflorus (L.) Kulju & Welzen, Blumea 52: 124. 2007
Going through earlier posts in eFI, of T. nudiflora and T. polycarpa, with the above keys for varieties of Trevia, I am completely convinced that I will be correcting notes at my flickr photostream before end of this fortnight.
Some earlier postings, which I am segregating as T. nudiflora and T. polycarpa as per my understanding.
Trevia nudiflora
  1. isn’t it Trewia nudiflora ? from Hooghly 02-05-12 SK
  2. 24072011-BS-001 A tree from Karnal for ID
  3. Tree for id 121209MK1
  4. A Fig for ID
Trevia polycarpa
  1. ID request – 20022011-PKA1
  2. Petari – fruits and flowers
  3. Trewia nudiflora

As per efi thread:

Trevia nudiflora L., Sp. Pl. 1193. 1753; Müll.Arg. in DC., Prodr. 15(2): 953. 1866; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 423. 1887. Mallotus nudiflorus (L.) Kulju & Welzen, Blumea 52: 124. 2007

Asm.: Bhel-kol, Kenlo, Pithakuma-kendlow; Beng.: Paringambhar, Pitali; Garo: Arurong, Boinokhap, Bol-diktak, Joingheia; Hindi: Bhillaru, Gambhar, Pindara, Tumri; Kan.: Kaadukayi, Katkumbala; Kh.: Dieng-soh-lyndot; Lep.: Thungplam; Mal.: Kattu-kumi, Mala-kumi, Pambara-kumbil; Mar.: Petari; Nep.: Aule-kapase, Belar, Gamari, Garum, Kurong, Pitali, Ramrita; Or.: Monda, Pithaliya-panijambhar; Tam.: Annathuvarei, Attarasu, Attu-puvarasu, Raypkunul; Tel.: Eruponaku; Urdu: Mondu.

Trees, dioecious, deciduous, 7 – 20 m tall. Leaves opposite, broadly ovate to deltoid, truncate or cordate at base, entire or dentate along margins, acuminate to cuspidate at apex, 6 – 20 x 3 – 15 cm, chartaceous, glabrous above, velutinous beneath; basal nerves 3; lateral nerves 3 – 6 pairs; petioles of each node unequal, 3 – 10 cm long; stipules linear, 2 – 4 x 1 – 2 mm, caducous. Inflorescences precocious. Male flowers: greenish, in 2 or 3-flowered clusters on axillary or terminal lax pendulous 8 – 16 cm long racemes; bracts ovate-lanceolate, ca 3 mm across; pedicels 3 – 5 mm long; sepals 3 or 4, ovate, concave, 3.5 – 6 x 2 – 4 mm; stamens 20 -25; filaments free, 1.5 – 2.5 mm long; anthers oblong, 1 – 1.5 x 0.5 – 0.7 mm. Female flowers: axillary, solitary or in 5 – 15 cm long stout racemes; pedicels 5 – 9 mm long; sepals 3 – 5, broadly ovate, 4 – 5 mm long, densely woolly tomentose outside, caducous; ovary 3 – 5-loculed, 3 – 4 mm across, tomentose; styles 3 – 5, shortly connate at base, 1.5 – 3 cm long. Fruits 2 – 5-loculed, ovoid to subglobose, 1- 3.5 cm across, shallowly lobed, dehiscent or apparently indehiscent, fleshy, becoming woody with thick or thin pericarp, densely pubescent to glabrous; seeds 3 – 5, globose to ovoid, 0.5 – 1.3 cm across.

KEY TO THE VARIETIES

1a. Leaves, inflorescences and fruits glabrous 2

b. Leaves, inflorescences and fruits tomentose or pubescent 3

2a. Fruits 2 – 3.5 cm across, with very thick pericarp 1.2. var. nudiflora

b. Fruits 1 – 1.5 cm across, with very thin pericarp 1.3. var. polycarpa

3a. Branchlets densely flocculent-cottony or woolly-tomentose; leaves entire along margins; fruits 2 – 3 cm across, densely white-cottony tomentose 1.4. var. tomentosa

b. Branchlets softly pubescent; leaves dentate along margins; fruits 1.5 – 1.8 cm across, yellow pubescent 1.1. var. dentata

1.1. var. dentata Susila & N.P.Balakr. in J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 22: 352, f. 4. 1998.

Fl. & Fr. March – Sept.

Distrib. India: Evergreen florets, along riverbanks and stream sides, up to 1200 m altitude. Maharashtra.

Endemic.

1.2. var. nudiflora Fig. 29

Fl. & Fr. Feb. – Aug.

Distrib. India: Tropical and subtropical forests, often along riverbanks and stream sides, up to 1000 m altitude. Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, Sikkim, Assam, Tripura, Meghalaya, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan. Bangladesh, Myanmar, S. China, Indo-china, Thailand to Malesia.

Uses. Leaves are used as cattle fodder. Wood soft, used for carving, planking, in match industry, packing cases and plywood.

The fruit pulp is sweet and edible.

Notes. Chromosome number: 2n = 22 (Bhaduri & Kar, Proc. Indian Sci. Congr. 36th Session, Part 3: 140. 1949; Datta, Taxon 16: 341 – 350. 1967; Hans, Taxon 22: 591 – 636. 1973).

The leaves are similar to those of Gmelina arborea.

1.3. var. polycarpa (Benth.) Susila & N.P.Balakr. in J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 22: 351, f. 2. 1998. Trevia polycarpaBenth. in Benth. & Hook.f., Gen. Pl. 3: 318. 1880; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 424. 1887, p. p. Mallotus polycarpus (Benth.) Kulju & Welzen, Blumea 52: 130. 2007.

Kan.: Bomvaro, Tumri; Mal.: Pambara-kumbil; Mar.: Petari; Tam.: Anathuvarei, Kaanji, Raajni.

Fl.& Fr. Mar. – Oct.

Distrib. India: In evergreen forests, along hill slopes and river and stream banks, up to 1200 m altitude. Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Very common in N. Kanara in Karnataka and Goa.

Endemic.

1.4. var. tomentosa Susila & N.P.Balakr. in J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 22: 351, f.3. 1998.

Fl. & Fr. Jan. – July.

Distrib. India: Evergreen or semievergreen forests, up to 1200 m altitude. Sikkim, West Bengal, Tripura, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Gujarat.

Bangladesh, Myanmar, Indo-china and Thailand.

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Pl. go through ‎Mallotus (‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎Euphorbiaceae) page with images of species in efloraofindia.

If you find any incorrect identification, pl. let us know. If anybody can send images of other species of this genera (for incorporation in the website), if any, or can identify unidentified images, it will be really nice.