Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia 6: 247 1984. (Syn. Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq.; Anthocephalus indicus var. glabrescens H.L.Li; Anthocephalus morindifolius Korth.; Nauclea cadamba Roxb.; Nauclea megaphylla S.Moore; Neonauclea megaphylla (S.Moore) S.Moore; Samama cadamba (Roxb.) Kuntze; Sarcocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Kurz; (=) Anthocephalus chinensis auct.);
.
S. China to Tropical Asia: Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Myanmar, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam as per POWO;
.
commonly known as: burrflower tree, kadam, leichhardt pine • Assamese: kadam, roghu • Bengali: কদম kadam, নীপ nipa • Garo: mi-bol • Hindi: कदम्ब kadamb • Kannada: kadam, kaduavalatige • Malayalam: katampu • Marathi: कदंब kadamb, नीव nhiv • Mizoram: banphar • Oriya: priyakah • Sanskrit: हरिप्रिय haripriya, कदम्ब kadamba • Tamil: கடம்பம் katampam, வெள்ளை கதம்பு vellaikkatampu • Telugu: కదంబకము kadambakamu ;
.
Large deciduous tree; leaves opposite, leathery, ovate, up to 22 cm long, glabrous above, pubescent beneath; stipules large, lanceolate, caducous; flowers yellow to orange, scented at night, in globose heads 4-5 cm across on short peduncles; calyx tubes confluent, lobes linear to linear-oblong; corolla tube tubular or slightly funnel-shaped, lobes 5; stamens 5 with short filaments, anthers pointed; style filiform, stigma spindle-shaped; fruiting head fleshy enclosing aggregate of capsules.
.
nee-oh-la-MAR-kee-uh — named for Jean Baptiste de Monet Lamarck, French naturalist
kuh-duhm-bah — from Sanskrit kadamba, name for this plant
.

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Kadamb:
Bot. name: Neolamarckia cadamba
Family: Rubiaceae
Plant Habit: Tree
Common names: Kadamb
The fruit smell incredibly sweet  — a heady perfumebut I do not find the fruit too tasty. The book says they are “useful in gastric irritability”


Actually this the flower!!


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VALMIKI : OBSERVER OF NATURE:  In Ramayan Valmiki has mentioned KADAMABA. Scientific name of Kadamba is Anthocephalus cadamba. But there is another contender for KADAMBA, scientifically that tree is Mitragyna parviflora. In Mathura the second type of Kadamba is in plenty. But here in Bengal and in Assam first type is seen.


Anthocephalus cadamba is now correctly known as  Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser
The second plant is Mitragyna parvifolia (and not parviflora), having smaller heads and dry when mature.
    The common names for former include Kadamba (Hindi, Beng., Mar. & Guj.), kadambamu in Tel., vellai-cadamba in Tam., kadawala in Kan., attutek in Mal. Kadam in Trade
    Latter is known as Kaim, kalmi, kadassa in Hindi, gullikadam in Beng., kalamb, kuddam in Mar., Nir-kadambe in Tel., Chinna kadambu in Tam., kongu and kadaga in Kan., , vimbu and nirkadambu in Mal. Kaim in Trade.  


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Anthocephalus kadamba – Dandei, DATR, Uttara Knnnada.:
Spotted this Huge Kadamba tree in a ravine in Dandeli WLS.


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Flora of Kaiga_ID_Confirmation_29082011 P1.:
Is this Neolamarckia cadamba..?  A large deciduous tree it’s bark extensively used in uterine complaints etc.,

Date/Time-:20/07/10   –    16:30
Location- Place, Altitude – Kaiga , Uttar Kannada, Karnataka, 380 mtrs
Habitat- Garden/ Urban/ Wild/ Type-   wild
Plant Habit- Tree/ Shrub/ Climber/ Herb- Tree
Height/Length-12m

Yes you are right. It is Neolamarckia cadamba syn Anthocephalus cadamba
Family : Rubiaceae
In Marathi: Kadamba कदंब
Flowering season in Pune (Maharashtra) July


Neolamarckia cadamba syn Anthocephalus cadamba



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SYMBIOSIS : 139:
Attaching an image of the 139th member of the series. In this a Chestnut-tailed Starling is on the fruit of Neolamaeckia cabamba. This is Kadam in vernacular.



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efloraofindia:”For Id 12072012MR1’’ is this tree Neolamarckia cadamba? at Pune:
Kindly help Id this tree at a private society at end of Boat club road at Pune.

Height about 80 feet. The tree was full of attractive cream orange inflorescence I think, size a little bigger than table tennis balls.
I could only capture it from a distance on my cell phone. Sorry for the quality of pics.
Kindly confirm if the tree in the pics is Neolamarckia cadamba?
Id help http://www.flowersofindia.Kadam.html

Yes Neolamarckia cadamba.



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SYMBIOSIS : 223:
Attaching an image of Chestnut-tailed Starling on the fruit of Neolamarckia cadamba. The plant is our own KADAM of Lord Krishna fame.


 


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Rubiaceae Week: Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser from Delhi:
Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia 6: 247 1984.

Syn: Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq.; Nauclea cadamba Roxb.
Common names:
English: burflower tree
Hindi: kadam
Tel: Kadambamu
Tam: Vellai-cadamba
Kan: Kadawala
Mal: Attutek
Large deciduous tree; leaves opposite, leathery, ovate, up to 22 cm long, glabrous above, pubescent beneath; stipules large, lanceolate, caducous; flowers yellow to orange, scented at night, in globose heads 4-5 cm across on short peduncles; calyx tubes confluent, lobes linear to linear-oblong; corolla tube tubular or slightly funnel-shaped, lobes 5; stamens 5 with short filaments, anthers pointed; style filiform, stigma spindle-shaped; fruiting head fleshy enclosing aggregate of capsules.
Commonly planted in Delhi in gardens and roadsides. Photographed from Punjabi Bagh and DU in Delhi.

Beautiful Shots Sir with detail information



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Rubiaceae Week :: Neolamarckia cadamba – Bangalore – RA:
This is one of my favorite trees.
In Hindu mythology, Kadam was the favourite tree of Krishna.
Tree up to 45 m tall, without branches for more than 25 m. Diameter up to 100 (-160) cm but normally less; sometimes with buttresses. The crown is umbrellashaped and the branches are characteristically arranged in tiers. 
Leaves simple, 13-32 cm long.
Flowers orange, small, in dense, globose heads. They appear like solid, hairy orange balls.
The fruits are small capsules, packed closely together to form a fleshy, yellow or orange coloured infructescence containing approx. 8,000 seeds. The small capsules split into four parts releasing the seed at maturity. There are approximately 20,000 seeds per gram.
It is believed to have medicinal value in curing astringent, ulcer, digestive, diarrhoea, expectorant, fever, vomiting.
A postal stamp was issued by the Indian Postal Department to commemorate this tree.

Beautiful Shots with Nice Information



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Rubiaceae Week :: Neolamarckia cadamba at Thane:
Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser
nee-oh-la-MAR-kee-uh — named for Jean Baptiste de Monet Lamarck, French naturalist
kuh-duhm-bah  — from Sanskrit kadamba, name for this plant
Dec 1, 2007 … in residence garden, Vaghbil, Thane, Maharashtra
commonly known as: burrflower tree, kadam, leichhardt pine • Assamese: kadam, roghu • Bengali: কদম kadam, নীপ nipa • Garo: mi-bol • Hindi: कदम्ब kadamb • Kannada: kadam, kaduavalatige • Malayalam: katampu • Marathi: कदंब kadamb, नीव nhiv • Mizoram: banphar • Oriya: priyakah • Sanskrit: हरिप्रिय haripriya, कदम्ब kadamba • Tamil: கடம்பம் katampam, வெள்ளை கதம்பு vellaikkatampu • Telugu: కదంబకము kadambakamu
Native to: s & s-e Asia
References: Flowers of IndiaENVIS – FRLHTWikipediaFurther Flowers of Sahyadri by Shrikant Ingalhalikar
more views: Dec 1, 2007 … in residence garden, Vaghbil, Thane, Maharashtra
Aug 8, 2008 … in resort garden along NH 3 near Padgha, Maharashtra

Gorgeous closeup of leaf, all features well depicted


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about Anthocephalus cadamba (kadamba) tree:
Im a Research scholar. Im collecting Kadamba tree seeds from different location of India.
I need Kadamba tree seeds (Anthocephalus cadamba) for research purpose.
Can anyone help me for the purpose………


I did collect some seeds from a couple of fallen fruit here in Hyderabad a few weeks back but i dont know the correct procedure to get viable seed. The trees i know (street-side trees in a residential colony and not very big, possibly 20-25 feet tall) seem to be fruiting last i saw them. The seeds are very fine and i wasnt really able to clean them properly from the rest of the fruit debris but i dried them in shade. write to me if these can be of help and actually if you can explain what a better way would be and i will try again.


just to confirm – isnt kadamb the tree with branches which form a spiral staircase?


efi site link for the species: /species/m—z/r/rubiaceae/neolamarckia/neolamarckia-cadamba


The best place to collect seeds is Karnataka forest nursery as they grow new saplings and plant them at road side. Since quantity of kadamba plants at nursery is big they must have the seeds


I have been able to collect and sun-dry some 4-5 kadamb fruit ‘balls’. Attached photographs of the tree and the dried fruits.


 


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[EfloraofIndia_Rubiaceae week_060212PD01_Anthocephalus chinensis_Flora of Odisha]:
sharing the images of Anthocephalus chinensis taken from Ranpur

Name: Anthocephalus chinensis
Family: Rubiaceae
Habit: Tree
Habitat: Road side, planted

It should be Neolamarckia cadamba
Name Anthocephalus chinensis was applied to Indian plant for some time wrongly. Anthocephalus chinensis (Lam.) Hassk. is now correctly known as Breonia chinensis (Lam.) Capuron distributed in Madagascar

Yes Sir this was identified by earlier (2008). But i was expecting some one to correct the name of the species. Thanks a lot sir for correcting me.



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Rubiaceae Week : Neolamarckia cadamba Hooghly (WB):
In my childhood I heard stories of Lord Krishna playing his flute under KADAMBA trees. This tree, what we call KADAM or KADAMBA in Bengali, is very common in our area. These days these trees are more common because of various planatation programmes.

Since this is not the flowering season of the plant I attach some old photos showing beautiful flowers of this tree.
Species : Neolamarckia cadamba (syn, Anthocephalus cadamba)
Date : 08/02/2012 & 16/07/2011 (flowers)
Place : Gobra (Hooghly District), West Bengal
Habit : Tree
Habitat : Railway Plantation, wild

A very good set of photographs


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Rubiaceae Week :: Neolamarckia cadamba at Mumbai:
Bot. name: Neolamarckia cadamba
Family: Rubiaceae
Date/Time: 10th may, / 10:00AM
Location: Sagar Upvan, Colaba, Mumbai.
Habitat: Garden
Plant Habit: Tree.



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Rubiaceae Week : Neolamarckia cadamba Pune:
Neolamarckia cadamba A large native tree.
Syn. Anthocephalus cadamba.
कदंब


Beautiful Shot of head


Another beauty. Now we should say ” Kadamb- Kadamb Badaye Jaa… Rubiaceae ke Geet Gaye Jaa”..



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Hooghly Today : woodpecker and bulbul on CADAMBA :
While this woodpecker concentrated on the trunk of this tree, red vented bulbuls were pecking flowers !
Attachments: Fulvous_breasted_Woodpecker

 


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PLEASE ID. :  Attachments (1).  2 posts by 2 authors.
16-06-13 R.T -Please ID.
Place-Banglore, habitat- garden, plant habit- tree

Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser



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a picture for you : Attachments (1).  6 posts by 5 authors.
16-06-13 R.T -Please ID.
Place-Banglore, habitat- garden, plant habit- tree

I hope its a Neolamarckia sp.


Yes Neolamarckia cadamba


Yes. Neolamarckia cadamba. Kadamb tree


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very common plant, but nice photo: Anthocephalus :  Attachments (2). 8 posts by 8 authors.
Anthocephalus is very common. However, here in South Gujarat these plants are in bloom (23.7.13) and can not refrain from posting these 2 pictures. Hope, everyone likes it.


Really very beautiful.


I think, now, the valid name is Neolamarckia cadamba, Beautiful photographs.



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Fwd: Jampanics Rao sent you an image file! : 3 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (1)

Help me to identify the plant
Place: vijayawada
Date: 13-10-2014


It looks like Neolamarckia cadamba


I agree with you …



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SYMBIOSIS : 659 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1).
Attaching an image of a Rice Swift butterfly on the flower of Neolamarkia cadamba (KADAM).


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SYMBIOSIS : 746 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
Attaching an image of a female Common Palm fly on Neolamarckia cadamba (KADAM).

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FLOWERS/PLANTS MENTIONED BY TAGORE IN HIS SONGS: ( KADAMBA -1 ) : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
Attaching translated version of a song by Tagore, in which KADAMBA has been mentioned.



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Attaching translated version of a song by Tagore, where KADAM has been mentioned.


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Attaching translated version of a song by Tagore, where KADAMBA has been mentioned.


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FLOWERS/PLANTS MENTIONED BY TAGORE IN HIS SONGS : ( KADAM -2 ) : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
Attaching translated version of a song by Tagore, where KADAM has been mentioned.


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It is my pleasure to share few images of Neolamarckia cadamba (Rubiaceae) 

Habit: Deciduous tree 

Habitat: cultivated 

Sighting: Tumkur 

Date: 22-06-2015



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Fwd: RABINDRA SANGIT : BEE-3 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
Here is translation of another song of Rabindranath Tagore (by Rumela Sengupta) which has a mention of bee.


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Please help identify tree: 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (4)
Please help identify tree species in attached files. Has very large leaves.


In housing society Mumbai. Yes seems Cadamba. Clicked on 17-May-2018. Seems vigorous growth



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Anthocephalus Karama.. perfect combination of Nature : 3 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (1) – 4 Mb.


Again you did not mention any details despite you assurances.


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Fwd: SYMBIOSIS : 1194 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
Attaching a collage of Neolamarckia cadamba (KADAM).


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SYMBIOSIS : 1195 : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (1)
Attaching a collage of Blank swift visiting flowers of Neolamarckia cadamba (KADAM)


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SYMBIOSIS : 1196 : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (1)
Attaching a collage of Common Grass yellow, visiting flowers of Neolamarckia cadamba (KADAM). You can see bee on some flowers.


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SYMBIOSIS : 1202 : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (1)
Attaching a collage of Red Base Jezebel visiting flowers of Neolamarckia cadamba (KADAM).


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VALMIKI : OBSERVER OF NATURE (mixed thread):
In Ramayan Valmiki has mentioned KADAMABA. Scientific name of Kadamba is Anthocephalus cadamba. But there is another contender for KADAMBA, scientifically that tree is Mitragyna parviflora. In Mathura the second type of Kadamba is in plenty. But here in Bengal and in Assam first type is seen. Attaching images of both the type.     


Anthocephalus cadamba is now correctly known as Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser
The second plant is Mitragyna parvifolia (and not parviflora), having smaller heads and dry when mature.
The common names for former include Kadamba (Hindi, Beng., Mar. & Guj.), kadambamu in Tel., vellai-cadamba in Tam., kadawala in Kan., attutek in Mal. Kadam in Trade
Latter is known as Kaim, kalmi, kadassa in Hindi, gullikadam in Beng., kalamb, kuddam in Mar., Nir-kadambe in Tel., Chinna kadambu in Tam., kongu and kadaga in Kan., , vimbu and nirkadambu in Mal. Kaim in Trade.



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SYMBIOSIS:   Attaching two images on symbiosis,
( a ) Redvented Bulbul on Kadam (Anthochephalus cadamba)
( b ) Redvented Bulbul on Nim(Azadirachta indica).



 

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Large Leaf tree Sapling Is it Tectona Grandis? UD 8212011 002:
On 14th August zipping by on this street on the way to post office I noticed these humongous leaves…
thought it might be Tectona Grandis….
Next day went back and took pictures and talked to the local folks who run tea stalls and some Bhujia shops on the sidewalk (only they were around to talk to ) , one of the guys said it grew very fast… this height see figure 1, was achieved in just 3 months…. some branches had come out near the ground which he said he cut them off… some others said it was a kadam gachh (gachh = tree in bengali) …
sure!!! dont beleive it!!!
The leaves are very large… 1.5 feet wide by 2.5 feet long… I measured it… see figures 2 and 3… to me the leaf shape just does not match what I remember as tectona grandis…. am confused…
I rubbed the leaf underside, even wetted it with saliva..and rubbed … no red color developed… see figure 6, the white arrows surround the wetted rubbed surface, you can still see a little shine?… of cource its the lower leaf … not the uppermost “young leaf”… but in the past no matter which leaf I tested on already identified Teconia grandis, I got the red color, in Bengal, Gujarat, Bihar and even in USA.. at a botanical Garden …
Currently there are no branches…
The tree came up on its own.. in harsh broken stony fragments containing soil… see figure..7.
Date/Time- 8/15/2011
Location- Place, Altitude, GPS- Sea level or slightly below it, Ganges plain , Streets of Kolkata,.
Habitat- Garden/ Urban/ Wild/ Type- came up on its own per local history
Plant Habit- Tree/ Shrub/ Climber/ Herb- Tree
Height/Length- Sapling about 10 feet or 11 feet
Leaves Type/ Shape/ Size- very large, 2.5 by 1.5 foot (foot, not inches)
Inflorescence Type/ Size- NONE yet
Flowers Size/ Colour/ Calyx/ Bracts- NA
Fruits Type/ Shape/ Size Seeds-NA
Other Information like Fragrance, Pollinator, Uses etc.- NA
NA= not applicable
Please help…..


Negative. This is Kadam [Neolamarckia cadamba].


with such large leaves…
there is a kadam tree here, leaves are about 6,7,or 8 inches long at the most…
but this one has 30 inches long leaves???


Have encountered such variations. Please go and check the tree again.


I have a great deal of respect for your diagnostic abilities…
and I had indeed doubts about my suspected idea… because of the leaf shape, color and NO redness when rubbed……
BUT …. the size of the leaves throws me..still..
AND I took the pictures on 15th August… nothing would have changed in these 6 says…
But yes I will go back in a months time and take more pictures… and I’ll repeat it till is fully grown…over the years… would be a nice project…
This may be an interesting fact …in the life history of Kadam… may be saplings’ first leaves are humongous to manufacture as much food as quickly as possible and grow fast…. till its higher // closer to the sun… this sapling apprantly grew sooo tall in the span of three months…
May be we need a section of “Pediatric Biology ” in Botany… growth patterns and anatomy of saplings… which may be very different than the mature tree…. ha ha ..


yes, Neolamarckia cadamba


I am not convinced its THE KADAMBA tree with a normal Genetic code…..
I personally think it may have be a genetic malformation of it..
UPDATE… about month after these pictures were taken… the leaves became brown, withered and drooped down, didn’t have a camera so no pics … and next day when I went back to take pictures the KMC folks had cut down the tree so no pics… I have meant to update this thread…
I wish I had stopped and taken samples from the stem to preserve for genetic analysis…. but I was too much of a rush and had no camera with me… and next day I was so much shocked that I did not go near the stump… I should have and taken a piece then… but I learned a lesson… In future I will act better than be a silent spectator and grieve at the death of a promising life form…
GOING BACK TO KADAMBA trees… see my detailed pictures above…
This sapling had two feet long and almost 18 inches wide leaf… never seen something like that…in a kadamba…
Although the leaf size seems to be quite variable… in Kadamba trees in Kolkata…
I find that that the ones with flowers have the smallest leaves (5-6 “) of all Kadambas I see on streets of Kolkata, the flowerless “kadamba” trees have somewhat larger ( up to 9″ ) darker leaves…
different species????
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If this sapling was a kadamba… spontaneous dying off was perhaps akin to a deformed human (or any mammalian) foetus aborting itself due to genetic malformations or genetic chemical variability so much so that the survival of the newborn life would be unsustainable… since mother nature repeats pattenrs and processes … its the only explanation I can think of that makes sense to me…
other reason could be environmental.. that the pavement where it was growing could not have sustained it…
…: If its filed under kadamba in our website… it should have a note that it was most likely a genetic malformation and similar sapling(s) when discovered would need genetic studies…
PS I dont doubt … and …. diagnosis , but am bothered by the uniqueness of its leaf size.. and I thank you both for your help…
if it was not planted as the locals claimed that it was spontaneous sprouting… then the seeds from the mother tree where it flew out from must have also sprouted in the neighborhood… I have crisscrossed the street and gone to every park .. and green grass patch in about a 8 – 10 block area.. have not seen a single kadamba sapling, let alone a one with such large leaves…


Anthocephalus cadamba



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on 14/7/07 in Kolkata; at Tathawade Udyan Karvenagar, Pune- 10/7/08; at dehradun on 30.6.08; Nerul Navi Mumbai- July’09; Noida Sector 62- Sept’09; At Alibag, 04 Feb, 2010; at aarey road, Mumbai on 31 Jan.’10; Juhu- July’10?;  Trees of Delhi- flowers for a short duration late in the rains, mostly Aug.-Sept.  Beautiful Trees & Shrubs of Calcutta- flowers with the onset of rainy season (June-July) & continues to flower up to the end of the rains (Sept.-Oct.)


Need id:
Kindly help with the id of this plant.
These are pictures of a tree sapling planted in Mumbai.


Check for Kadamba tree saplings (Neolamarckia cadamba). Possibly it could be.


Hoping that the sapling is Kadamba, I am forwarding herewith my article on the tree  at :
https://epaper.starofmysore.com/epaper/edition/919/star-of-mysore/page/6

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Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser :: Waghbil, Thane :: Dec 1, 2007 · JUN23 DV312: 5 images.
Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser
Waghbil, Thane :: Dec 1, 2007 · 12:19 PM IST :: about 3 m (10 ft) asl
Earlier uploaded at efloraofindia


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Sharing some photos of Kadamaba tree: 4 high res. images.
Sharing some photo of Kadamba tree in Full Bloom


I am providing the link to my article in Star of Mysore:
https://starofmysore.com/kadamba-vriksha-sri-krishnas-favourite/


These trees and photos are from Jakkur Lake Yelhanka Bangalore. July end 2023.



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