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Piper longum L., Sp. Pl. 1: 29 29 1753. (syn: Chavica longa (L.) Karst.; Chavica roxburghii Miq.; Chavica sarmentosa Miq.; Piper latifolium Hunter; Piper roxburghii (Miq.) J.Presl.; Piper sarmentosum Wall.; Piper turbinatum Noronha);
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NE-India, Bangladesh, Taiwan (I), China (I) (Yunnan (I), Fujian (I), Guangdong (I), Guangxi (I), Hainan (I)), Nepal (I), Sri Lanka (I), Vietnam (I), Andamans
(I) (South Andamans (I)), Nicobars (I) (North Nicobars (I)), Bhutan (I), Sikkim (I), Myanmar [Burma] (I), Laos (I) as per Catalogue of Life; .
Long Papper, Indian Long Pepper or Indonesian Long Pepper • Hindi: पिपली Pipli • Marathi: पिंपळी Pimpli • Tamil: திப்பிலீ Tippili • Malayalam: തിപ്പലീ Tippali • Telugu: Pippallu • Kannada: Kandan Lippili • Konkani: पिपली Pipli • Urdu: Pipul پیپل • Gujarati: પીપરી Pipari • Sanskrit: पिप्पली ;
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Dioecious climber, often spreading; lower leaves long petiolate, ovate to reniform, upper sessile to clasping ovate to ovate-oblong; with rounded basal lobes; flowers small, in leaf opposed spikes; male spike 4-5 cm long, stamens 2; female spike 2-3 cm long, drupes globose 2 mm.
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Piper longum is an important Ayurvedic medicine… the fruits obviously… for various repiratory and gastrointestinal disorders… but the roots are used extensively as powder in various herbal mixtures
and as household grandma remedies for monsoon related digestive aids, in Deepan Pachan.. in respiratory disorders, in various mixtures for pain relief, and even as massage mixtures for plegia.. muscle weaknesses.. .
As per efi thread:
P. nigrum belongs to section Eupiper; P. longum and P. hapnium Ham. to section Chavia; and P. cubeba to section Cubeba and are differentiated as under Section Cubeba: Spikes solitary; fls dioecious; female bract peltate; fruit with a long stalk- P. cubeba belongs here- climbing; stem round; leaves ovate oblong, acuminate, 4-6.5 cm long, 1.5-2 cm long; berry with long stalk.- obviously not my plant.
Section Eupiper: Spikes solitary; fl dioicios or polgamous; fruit sessile, forming interrupted spikes; bracts and bracteoles adnate to axis- P. nigrum belongs here-Glabrous climbing and rooting plants; leaves coriaceous, ovate oblong; petiole 1.2-4 cm; leaf blade rounded and oblique at base, sometimes cordate; nerves 5-9 (2 pairs near base, more higher); spike variable in length; leaf width upto 2/3 0f length, which again varies; bracts wholly adnate without raised margins- again not our plant.
Section Chavica: Spikes solitary; fls dioiecious; female bracts orbicular, peltate; fruit sessile, in cylindric or globose spikes. P. hapnium and P. longum belong here.
P. hapnium is hoary plant, has stout warted branches; petiole 8-12 mm long; leaves oblong-lanceolate, 6-10 cm long, 4-5 cm broad, 7-nerved, leaves usually pubescent beneath, older leaves rugose; peduncles longer than leaves- it does not match our plant.
P. longum is glabrous creeping plant, branches angular; lower leaves with 2.5-7 cm long petiole; bladeovate-cordate, acuminate, 5-9 cm long, almost as broad; upper leaves sessile and amplexicaul, narrower. female spike 1.2-2 cm.
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Piperaceae, Lauraceae and Thymelaeaceae Fortnight: Piperaceae- Piper longum from Delhi-GSSEP01 : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (4). Piper longum L., Sp. Pl. 1: 29. 1753.
Long pepper, Indian long pepper
Dioecious climber, often spreading; lower leaves long petiolate, ovate to reniform, upper sessile to clasping ovate to ovate-oblong; with rounded basal lobes; flowers small, in leaf opposed spikes; male spike 4-5 cm long, stamens 2; female spike 2-3 cm long, drupes globose 2 mm.
Photographed from Herbal Garden, Delhi Thanks, …, for making a wonderful beginning.
Hooghly-sept-sk05 : Piperaceae Fortnight : sk01 : Piper sp. : 6 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (5). Seems to be Piper longum. Looks the male plants of the P. longum the plant in the other mail Thanks once again to …, and for the other post too which was a repeat of a 2012 upload- efi thread Piper longum male plant
Hooghly-sept-sk07 : Piperaceae Fortnight : sk03 : Piper sp.3 : 5 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (4). Male plant of Piper longum Roxb. Piper longum again
Hooghly-sept-sk06 : Piperaceae Fortnight : sk02 : Piper sp.2 : 10 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (4). Could be Piper longum. This is our Ayurvedic Pipli the Piper longum Roxb. Nice to see in wild. Piper longum. Thank you …, my heartiest thanks to … Piper longum female plant This seems Piper longum (long pepper, Pippali, one of the three pungents) only
Piperaceae, Lauraceae and Thymelaeaceae Fortnight :: Piperaceae :: Piper longum :: MNP :: ARKSEP-04 : 6 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (2). It is Piper longum To me it seems to be Piper longum.
Piperaceae, Lauraceae and Thymelaeaceae Fortnight: Piperaceae-Piper for id from Dehradun -NS SEP 10 : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (4). Its look like male plant of P. longum from the subsessile terminal leaves (petilole distinct in lower leaves). However need to be verified with the leaves of vegetative branch and its female plant. The inraspecific variations creates confusion in identity of many Pipers.
Piperaceae, Lauraceae and Thymelaeaceae Fortnight: Piperaceae-Piper longum from Yamunanagar -NS SEP 05 : 10 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (3). Thanks for posting ‘Thippali’; Indian long pepper-Piper longum. Pls see my pic of the plant labelled the same. There are very many differences. May be they both are the variants or any one of the two the Javanese long pepper- Piper retrofactum. Experts pls help. Attachments (1). Thanks … for raising the doubt, yes plant posted by you is entirely different, a straggler by habit, leaves also differ.. let’s hope to get expert comments.. Yes it is Piper longum only, auriculate leaf base, short cylindrical spike are the characteristic features. Yes Sir, this is P, longum L. as have already been confirmed by … … plant seems to be P. cubeba L.f. –
Thank you No, I am wrong, it is what … has already suggested Piper retrofractum Vahl, that carrot like inflo! Seems to be Piper longum. Yes the species is P. longum a female plant.
Sending Piper longum, growing in Herbal Garden Delhi
Please validate.
Would appreciate if you could also post the other Pipers.
Some months ago, there was confusion about Piper longum and Piper cubeba species.
The range and distribution and the uses was and is not much known about these species.
If you can share any information about these it would be very helpful. I dont think Piper longum and P cubeba are confusing. These two are quite distinct species. But P.longum and P.hapnium are very confusing. The later is a climbing shrub.   Uploading more photos to reinforce identification of Piper longum. One has lower leaves with long petiole.Attachments (2) Any how as promised yesterday I had critical look at the specimens I had photographed yesterday, studied specimens again, and am happy to announce that as for I am concerned, my plant is Piper longum. As a final check I asked the gardeners about its name. They said it is Pipli, piplamul, a name that goes with P. longum only. Here is the information I collected the 4 species considered in the mails on this thread.
Of the four species P. nigrum belongs to section Eupiper; P. longum and P. hapnium Ham. to section Chavia; and P. cubeba to section Cubeba and are differentiated as under
Section Cubeba: Spikes solitary; fls dioecious; female bract peltate; fruit with a long stalk- P. cubeba belongs here- climbing; stem round; leaves ovate oblong, acuminate, 4-6.5 cm long, 1.5-2 cm long; berry with long stalk.- obviously not my plant.
Section Eupiper: Spikes solitary; fl dioicios or polgamous; fruit sessile, forming interrupted spikes; bracts and bracteoles adnate to axis- P. nigrum belongs here-Glabrous climbing and rooting plants; leaves coriaceous, ovate oblong; petiole 1.2-4 cm; leaf blade rounded and oblique at base, sometimes cordate; nerves 5-9 (2 pairs near base, more higher); spike variable in length; leaf width upto 2/3 0f length, which again varies; bracts wholly adnate without raised margins- again not our plant.
Section Chavica: Spikes solitary; fls dioiecious; female bracts orbicular, peltate; fruit sessile, in cylindric or globose spikes. P. hapnium and P. longum belong here.
P. hapnium is hoary plant, has stout warted branches; petiole 8-12 mm long; leaves oblong-lanceolate, 6-10 cm long, 4-5 cm broad, 7-nerved, leaves usually pubescent beneath, older leaves rugose; peduncles longer than leaves- it does not match our plant.
P. longum is glabrous creeping plant, branches angular; lower leaves with 2.5-7 cm long petiole; bladeovate-cordate, acuminate, 5-9 cm long, almost as broad; upper leaves sessile and amplexicaul, narrower. female spike 1.2-2 cm.
In our plant Creeping habit, 4-angled stems, lower leaves with nearly 6-7 cm long petiole (not in any other of 3 species), lower leaves almost as broad as long; upper leaves sessile and amplexicaul; leaves not coriaceous all match with P. longum
Comments are welcome. If there is any doubt, I can still verfy.
Frankly speaking I have experience with this large genus, I saw and photographed it only yesterday, and today I went to the University Library to check things.
I am sending you some spices used for making. This is piper longum, long pepper.
plant for ID please – indiantreepix | Google Groups : 1 image. The plant in picture is Piper longum of family Piperaceae Some interesting extracts from Wikipedia link:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_pepper
PLANT FOR IDENTIFICATION – 2 – indiantreepix | Google Groups : 1 image. I think it is long pepper.
Flora of Haryana: Piper longum from Herbal Garden Samalkha Panipat:
my pictures of Piper longum from the farm of my friend … on the banks of Tootha river at Cherplashery, Palakad district.
This Piper longum started its journey as a volunteer:
Hers is another example of Piper longum… Name: Piper longum
Family: Piperaceae Fruits: Sanskrit: पीपली Gujarati: પીપલી Bengali: পিপুল Roots in Gujarati : પીપળી મુળ ના ગંઠોડા In a wildlife preserve in southern fringes of Calcutta… one day we spotted these bright yellow candle like fruits…
This particular plant is a volunteer… among a large number of other volunteers vines and ferns and herbs… this small patch of land …left mostly wild is less than a mile from a well tended well researched Herbal Garden where they had been growing piper longum for several years.. so I surmise that source of this volunteer (among other herbs) is from that herbal garden… but the truth?…. god only knows… This vine was all of about 6 feet tall, climbing up the trunk of a neem tree … fruits are about 1.0 to 1.5 inches long… 1/4 inch wide… Leaves are about 3 to 4 inches long… picture 1 and 2 have several non-piper-longum leaves that I do not presume to know what they are… Piper longum is an important Ayurvedic medicine… the fruits obviously… for various repiratory and gastrointestinal disorders… but the roots are used extensively as powder in various herbal mixtures
and as household grandma remedies for monsoon related digestive aids, in Deepan Pachan.. in respiratory disorders, in various mixtures for pain relief, and even as massage mixtures for plegia.. muscle weaknesses..
VALMIKI :OBSERVER OF NATURE:      Internet is very confusing source of info, well, sometimes.
A search for Piper longum L. gives plant pictures of distinctly variable leaf venation, even scanned herbarium images available in the net can be confusing too. Two such example :-
On the other hand, images found some other sites do comply with my species :-
Description and images at :-
Species : Piper longum L.
Bengali Name : PIPUL
Habit & Habitat : wild slender creeper, growing under very dense vegetation of, i think, Mikania micrantha Kunth.
Date : 21/9/12, 4.02 p.m.
Place : Garalgacha (Hooghly)
I am sorry that my camera is a dumb under low light. This looks like a male plant of Piper longum. The male spikes are about 5 cm long and 3 mm in diameter (female spikes are shorter and stouter). Otherwise it may be a different species. I thought my species looked somewhat similar to the illustration available at FoC – http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=1393&flora_id=2, and description available at – http://envis.frlht.org/plongum.htm informs male spike is 2-7 cm long.
Thank you very much for the feedback.
Piper again !!! from Hooghly: I could have attached these new pics in my earlier uploads of a similar plant, at – https://groups.google.com/d/topic/indiantreepix/Vn. But the ID of that plant yet to be confirmed. Please note, i am not telling same plant. Please also note that i am attaching two sets of images of two individuals growing at the same place, within a gap of 10 feet. These plants are from the same village (semi urban) as in my earlier upload, but on different location.
A few related links :-
I think this is male and female plants of Piper longum L., a climber, with varied leaf shapes.
Date : 11/10/12
Place : Garalgacha (Hooghly)
for ID250814VRW 2 (medicinal plant) : 5 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (2).
Date/Time- 22/08/2014 Location- Place, Altitude, GPS- North Gujarat Habitat- Garden/ Urban/ Wild/ Type- University garden Plant Habit- Tree/ Shrub/ Climber/ Herb- shrub Other Information like Fragrance, Pollinator, Uses etc.- medicinal plant It seems Piper betel sir its a shrub like plant It can be Piper longum. I too think it is Piper longum
Climber Id from Bangladesh_SM_1409 : 6 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (2) Habitat: Village Forest bed
Habit: Herb/ Twiner
Pl. check /species/a—l/d/dioscoreaceae/dioscorea
This does not look like Dioscorea to me…. Piper? Definitely piper species … Piper sylvaticum ?
It is Piper longum Roxb. found wild in Bangladesh also with Assam, Bhutan etc . Plant for ID : Bangalore : 30SEP20 : AK-30 : 6 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (2)
Plant seen near a lake. It was cultivated along the walkway.
Some Piper Species?
Piper sp. ??? Pl. check comparative images at Piper Looks close to Piper longum to me. Yes, Piper longum is possible along with Piper betle L.
However, can not be confirmed based on these images only. . Plant for ID: Bangalore: Nov 2023: 4 high res. images.
Please help ID this plant from GKVK, Bangalore. Check Piper longum Yes ! I am confused between Piper longum and Piper sarmentosum. Is Piper longum supposed to be a climber? longum . References:
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