Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken (syn: Conghas zeylonensis Wall.; Cussambium glabrum Buch.-Ham.; Cussambium oleosum (Lour.) Kuntze; Cussambium pubescens Buch.-Ham.; Cussambium spinosum Buch.-Ham.; Koon oleosus Pierre; Melicocca pubescens (Roth) DC.; Melicocca trijuga (Willd.) Juss.; Ornitrophe triandra Blanco; Pistacia oleosa Lour.; Schleichera aculeata Kostel.; Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Merr.; Schleichera pubescens Roth; Schleichera trijuga Willd. (ambiguous synonym); Schmidelia triandra Blanco; Scytalia trijuga (Willd.) Roxb. ex DC.; Stadmania pubescens (Roth) Spreng.; Stadmania trijuga (Willd.) Spreng.);
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Pakistan (Pakistani Punjab), Nepal, India (throughout), Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Java, Laos, Lesser Sunda Isl., Sulawesi (incl. Selayar Isl., Kabaena Isl., Muna Isl.), Moluccas (Ambon, Banda, ?Ceram, ?Kei Isl.), Myanmar [Burma] (widespread), Bangladesh as per Catalogue of life;
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Ceylon oak, honey tree, lac tree, macassar oil tree • Gujarati: કુસુમ kusum • Hindi: कुसुम kusum, कुसुम्ब kusumb • Kannada: chakota, sagade • Konkani: कोसिंब kosimb • Malayalam: ദൂതളം duuthalam, പൂവം puuvam, പൂവണം puuvanam • Marathi: कोशिंब koshimb, कुसुंब kusumb • Sanskrit: कुसुंभ kusumbha • Tamil: கொஞ்சி konchi, கும்பாதிரி kumpatiri • Telugu: kosangi; 
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Kusum is a beautiful tree with a broad, shady crown, found widespread in Tropical Himalayas (Punjab to Nepal), India, Ceylon, Burma, Thailand, Indo-China, Malaysia.
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This tree is mostly noticed because of its bright red leaves when they are new. In India this happens around March. The leaves are pinnate, with each leaf having 2-4 leaflets. Flowers are tiny, occuring in short dense yellow clusters. The flowers are hardly noticeable. The fruit is about the size of a small plum.
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Kusum fruits are edible, even i have tasted…. Tribals enjoy them..;
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Plant is so beautiful it changes so many shades of leaves…. i am watching its beauty everyday, for last 2 months and taken so many pictures of its different shades… i don’t know whats special about it, but i love its branching pattern to forming dense canopy;
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Wyanad flora #2 | Heralding spring | 15MarIDreqAR02:
Meenmutty falls Wyanad Kerala 09 Jan 2011 05:55 PM


The Kusumbi colour; Compound leaf with 6 leaflets indicates a Sapindaceae member Schleichera oleosa (Kusum)



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20/03/11/YRP/1:
Attaching pictures of a tree at different stages of leaf maturity. Could someone indentify it please?
Date & Time 20/03/11
Location: Place, Altitude, GPS  Chethalayam, Wayanad.
Habitat: Garden, Urban, Wild Type:      Wild
Plant Habit: Tree, Shrub, Climber, Herb Tree.
Height, Length. 30’



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20032011pj1 for id from kaiga:
This tree too changes it’s color during March & April it also makes the kaiga forest look more colorful. We may call it nature’s holi (not like Kusum [Schleichera oleosa])
ID requested 20032011 pj1
Date/Time-: 13/03/11   –     1 1:40
Location- Place, Altitude – Kaiga , Uttar Kannada ,Karnataka, 380 mtrs
Habitat- Garden/ Urban/ Wild/ Type-    Wild
Plant Habit- Tree/ Shrub/ Climber/ Herb-Tree
Height/Length-8m


–  This is also Kusum [Schleichera oleosa]. Was away for a week birdwatching in the South Garo Hills, Meghalaya – saw the tree there also.



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ID REQUESTED:
This tree changes it’s colour in March & it makes the kaiga forest look more colorful.
ID requested for the following attachment.

Date/Time-: 13/03/11   –     1 1:20
Location- Place, Altitude – Kaiga , Uttar Kannada ,Karnataka, 380 mtrs
Habitat- Garden/ Urban/ Wild/ Type-    Wild
Plant Habit- Tree/ Shrub/ Climber/ Herb-Tree
Height/Length-8m



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Schleichera oleosa:
Schleichera oleosa (Family: Sapindaceae) from Phansad (Maharashtra).
Date/Time: 20-03-2011 / 01:35PM.


–  yeah plant is so beauuutiful it changes so many shades of leaves…. i am watching its beauty everyday,  for last 2 months and taken so many pictures of its different shades… i don’t know whats special about it, but i love its branching pattern to forming dense canopy:):)


– Just a question…. are male and female flowers on different branches or trees or is it that the female part is so very small that long stamens are the only thing visible…. ? sending a close up shot…can you confirm please… ?



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Kusum leaves beauty:
Attached beauty of  KUSUM tree as well as leaves from MELGHAT TIGER RESERVE.


–  The colourful leaves reminds of the Fall Season in U.S. During that period most of the trees change their
colour and then fall down.



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Insect with eggs:
sending a photograph clicked on 30/03/2011 from Chandigarh. the insect is laying the eggs on the fresh inflorescence of Schleichera oleosa (the Kusum tree). it was in the afternoon around 3:30 pm and the temperature was 15 degree celcius minimum.
    got interested in this picture coz it may be that the larvae which will emerge out would feed on the mature flowers or may be fruits of the tree. so in a way this tree with not so much of thick canopy even in its full foliage
season is source of shelter or food for some other creatures….

– Nice photographs of a Shield Bug [Family Pentatomidae].


– It looks like Tessaratoma javanica Thunberg. My pictures

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Chhattisgarh in Summer:
I have purchased Sony DSC-HX-1 but missed the visit to Morni Hills.  I have uploaded many HD videos taken during on-going surveys. Please watch this video on Kusum. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gp5BX6TcyJY (Watch it in HD if feasible)
Now over 400 such clippings are online through Youtube.



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Kkusum in flowering:
The Kusum tree (Schleichera oleosa), in flowering, at Matheran.


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Western Centaur Oakblue on Kusum:
Photographed on my property at Shahapur last weekend – a Western Centaur Oakblue on Schleichera oleosa [Kusum]. Link



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Kusum is a beautiful tree with a broad, shady crown, found widespread in Tropical Himalayas (Punjab to Nepal), India, Ceylon, Burma, Thailand, Indo-China, Malaysia.
This tree is mostly noticed because of its bright red leaves when they are new. In India this happens around March. The leaves are pinnate, with each leaf having 2-4 leaflets. Flowers are tiny, occuring in short dense yellow clusters. The flowers are hardly noticeable. The fruit is about the size of a small plum.
(Ref. Flowers of India)

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Tree for ID:
I am posting the picture of this tree through my flickr account.
May I request you to please see the other pictures too of this tree including of bark for help in ID.


If i were to hazard a guess, I would say that this is Kusum [Schleichera oleosa].



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Colourful: 2 correct images as above.
Colours in nature
At Kanakeshwar, Alibag


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ID RDS 001 180512:
Photographed this small tree today at south gate of Sanjay Gandhi National Park. Id help requested.


I think the fruits in the first photograph belong to climber Tinospora.


Agree with … The tree is Kusum [Schleichera oleosa] but the fruit in the first photograph belong to Gulvel [Tinospora cordifolia]



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Tree for ID : Lonavala,Maharashtra : 040612 : AK-3:
Saw this beautiful tree with tender red foliage at Karla, Lonavala on 7/3/2012.
A medium sized tree on the mountain top.
Please id.


This is the Kusum [Schleichera oleosa] tree.


Thanks for the id. I had guessed it to be Kusum, but as I was wrong last time (it turned out to be Beheda), wanted a confirmation of id.


In field both trees appear same esp. red leaves One can differentiate by leaves. Kusum has compound paripinnate leaves around 3 pairs of leaflets clearly seen in these pictures. Thanks for sharing the beautifully coloured foliage.



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ID REQUEST 31052011 PJ2:  
Id requested for the following attachment.
Date/Time-: 29/05/11 – 10:00
Location- Place, Altitude
Kaiga , Uttar Kannada ,Karnataka, 380 mtrs
Habitat- Garden/ Urban/ Wild/ Typewild
Plant Habit- Tree/ Shrub/ Climber/ Herbtree
Height/Length12 mtr

If i am right it is Schleichera trijuga or Schleichera oleosa or Kusum. in my area it is called Litchi by local kids and they eat the fruits’ soft juicy litchi like pulp.


Though Kusum is an avenue tree in Delhi, (which, unfortunately, been uprooted on the pretex of development). But I have not seen the fruits and could not think if the fruits could be addible.


Kusum fruits are edible, even i have tasted…. Tribals enjoy them..


I think Schleichera oleosa



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Schleichera oleosa: (Flowers- 3 images).
Schleichera oleosa
marathi name: Koshimb, Kusumb
Toaday at Alibag


Very good photographs of a very healthy specimen and properly timed.



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ID plz SG5 : 2 images. 4 posts by 4 authors.

Need ID of following attachment
Location: Hajimalang’
23/03/2013

This is Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken, SAPINDACEAE
Syn: Pistacia oleosa Lour.; Schleichera trijuga Willd.

Agree with …


Forms great avenues in Chandigarh with its bright red new leaves



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Sapindaceae Fortnight :: Schleichera oleosa SMP 5 :  1 post by 1 author. 4 images.
Schleichera oleosa
कुसुम


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Sapindaceae fortnight :: Schleichera oleosa at Nagla bundar-Thane ::PKA5: 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (5).
came across this big tree at Nagla sector of Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Mumbai.

Botanical name:

Schleichera oleosa     

Family:

Sapindaceae

Local name (Marathi):

Koshimb

Date/Time-

14-03-2010 / 09:30 AM

Location- Place, Altitude, GPS-

Nagla Bundar, Thane Dist., 10 ft

Habitat- Garden/ Urban/ Wild/ Type-

Wild

Plant Habit- Tree/ Shrub/ Climber/ Herb-

Tree,

Height/Length-

~ 10 – 15 m

Leaves Type/ Shape/ Size-

alternate, elliptic, bright red young leaves,

Inflorescence Type/ Size-

(Photograph enclosed)

Flowers Size/ Colour/ Calyx/ Bracts-

Flowers are small in size, Greenish yellow

Fruits Type/ Shape/ Size Seeds-

Do not know..



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Schleichera oleosa (Family: Sapindaceae) from Phansad (Maharashtra).
Date/Time:
20-03-2011 / 01:35PM.


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Sapindaceae fortnight : Schleichera oleosa from Coimbatore BRS 003 : Attachments (3).  3 posts by 3 authors.
Sharing the images of Schleichera oleosa from Anaikatti, Coimbatore.


Thanks for sharing. I have never seen these fruits.


try tasting these fruits too.Yummy and sour-sweet delight



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Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Merr.
in northern Western Ghats on various dates
… the riot of fascinating colours

I felt as if I visited the tree in its home
Thank you … for the splendid series of pictures

Thank you very much …; this native tree is one among few which is generous in splashing vibrant colours! It adds charm and beauty to every deciduous forest.



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Sapindaceae Fortnight: Schleichera oleosa from Delhi-GS27 : 7 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (4).
Schleichera oleosa, photographed from Delhi

Thanks, …,
Any reasons ?

My first two photographs are in flowering. Last two in fruit don’t differ from mentioned upload.


I don’t see the prickle like formations on your fruits as in … post.


Not a big issue … Fruits have pointed tips. Prickles may be absent or few present. You can see one or two in uppermost fruit in my last photograph.


Thanks, … for clarifying.



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Shilondha SGNP, Jun 2014 :: Requesting ID of this tree :: 26JUN14 :: ARK-47 : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (11).
Requesting to please ID this tree captured in Shilondha, SGNP, Mumbai in June 2014.
The pics are of 2 different individuals located close to each other.


Schleichera oleosa Kusum
Look at the leaves: paripinnate with 3 pairs of leaflets


Thank you … of course Kusum…..had never seen Kusum fruits.
This year, they have widened the Shilonda trail….hence have cut down many trees/climbers lining the path…there being no rains so far, Shilondha was not that much fun…..



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Tree 2 for id from Chakrata:: NS June 23 : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (5).
This large tree with paripinnate leaves was shot from Chakrata area, from almost same location as my last posting..
Is it some Terminalia ??

Appears to be Schleichera oleosa (Kusum)



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Tree 1 for id from Chakrata:: NS June 22 : 6 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (4).
This tree with red foliage was shot from wild in Chakrata area.. can this be Schleichera oleosa ??…

Affirmative. This is Kusum [Schleichera oleosa]. Please check the archives of this group for my photographs of this.


Yes it is Schleichera oleosa


We have this plant in Dhaka City elsewhere Gazipur



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Schleichera oleosa for id confirmation-KUK- NS DEC 07 :  3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (4).
This is a big tree, planted largely in the campus of KU, Kurukshetra… I have seen this wild in Chakrata area..
Please confirm or correct the id, present shots are from KUK, with male flowers only…

The pictures do look like those similar to my collection of Schleichera oleosa



Images by tspkumar

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It is my pleasure to share few images of Schleichera oleosa (Sapindaceae) 

Habit: Tree 

Habitat: Semi-evergreen forest 

Sighting: Chikmagalur, Karnataka, about 1000 msl 

Date: 03-03-2015 and 06-03-2015



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Schleichera oleosa -कुसुंब. : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (1)
Posting beautiful foliage of Schleichera oleosa -( कुसुंब/ कुसुम)
Nagzira Wildlife Sanctuary was glistening with these trees at every step.
Date – 26.3.2016


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For ID26092018RK2-Is this Schleichera oleosa : 6 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (3)
Please help in identification of this. It is a local fruit of Jharkhand.
Local name-Pusra
Date-13th May, 2018
Place-village chewo, Godda, Jharkhand

To me also appear close as per images at Schleichera oleosa


OK thanks

Other recipients:
I guess it is correct ID. Thank you. Saroj Kasaju

I guess it is correct ID.



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Schleichera oleosa : 5 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (5)
Seeds collected from Jawadhu hills of Eastern ghats.

Nice information, sir, how many days it’s taken first photo to last one,


I think you can check the date of image through property of the file.


what a marvellous suggestion, sir. simply but exactly,



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Flowering in MP- 30/3/08; at Yeoor range of Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Mumbai- March’08; around Pune- April’09; At sagargad, Alibag-26 Feb,2010;  14-03-2010 / 09:30 AMNagla Bundar,  Thane Dist.; Trees of Delhi- flowers appear with the young leaves or just before- New bright leaves in Mid March, but individual trees can be noticeably out of synch

Kusum! – indiantreepix | Google Groups
Schleichera oleosa(Kusum) – indiantreepix | Google Groups
Red leaved tree for Id – indiantreepix | Google Groups
Medium sized tree around 20′ – efloraofindia | Google Groups
Life’s simple pleasures – efloraofindia | Google Groups
ID of the tree – efloraofindia | Google Groups
Tree for id 170510MK2 – efloraofindia | Google Groups
Tree’s sporting the summer look #5 of 15 | IDRequest- 08Apr10AR02 – efloraofindia | Google Groups
Kussum tree – indiantreepix | Google Groups
is this mahua tree? id 250409vk2 – indiantreepix | Google Groups
April-May 2009 – flowering and fruiting – indiantreepix | Google Groups
Kusum flower – indiantreepix | Google Groups
beautiful tender leaves of kusum tree-nehru park apr 07 – indiantreepix | Google Groups
Koshimb-200310-PKA1 – efloraofindia | Google Groups
Schleichera oleosa – efloraofindia | Google Groups
Help – indiantreepix | Google Groups


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210523 Request for species id from Mhow Tehsil, District Indore, MP: 1 image.
Requesting species id.

Location: Mhow Tehsil, District Indore, MP

Schleichera oleosa


I too agree with …


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210523 Request for species id from Mhow, Indore, MP: 1 image.

Pic 2 of 2.
Request for species id from
Mhow Tehsil, Indore district, MP

Please check the leaves, if they are compound, it may be Schleichera oleosa.


Yes it’s only …


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Tree ID? Need help with this tree: Mixed thread: 2 images.
I saw this tree near in Nandi Hills, 40kms from Bangalore City today (1.3.22).
The red leaves are the fresh leaves, will turn green soon.


Please post close up of  the leaves for proper ID.


I think appears close to the images at Schleichera oleosa


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Sapindaceae: Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken: 1 image.
synonyms: Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Merr., Schleichera trijuga Willd., Melicocca trijuga (Willd.) Juss.
location/date: University of Agricultural Sciences campus, Bangalore, July 1997


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Sapindaceae: Schleichera oleosa: 2 high res. images.
Schleichera oleosa from Andhra University Botanical Garden Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh on 02/02/2024


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534 ID wild tree: 21 high res. images.
Please ID wild tree,
Location: bloomed near Vannappuram Thodupuzha Idukki Kerala INDIA
Altitude: 1500fsl
Flower date: 24FEB2024, 05.15pm
Habitat: wild moisture rocky misty sloppy alpine
Plant habit: tree, erect branches, hard woody cylindrical stem 20 inches base circumference, rough brownish bark, purplish sprouts
Height: 04 meters
Leaves: alternate even pinnate, 03 paired leaflets opposite elliptic acute simple glossy wavy margins, size upto: 15×7cm
Flower: terminally/axillary panicles spike inflorescence, clustered, diameter:03mm, green, good fragrant
Fruit:
Seed: 
Camera: CANON EOS1500D +FL10x


Spondias indica (Wight & Arn.) Airy Shaw & Forman ??


Leaves are not matching


Check Schlerichera oleosa


It’s leaves are very close to Schlerichera oleosa, but flower arrangement, size, pedicel and anther are not matching, please check collage, right is mine.


Oh actually it looks totally different


I think it is Schleichera oleosa all right.

From what I’ve been seeing, several individuals of S. oleosa tend to go through a spell of dominant male flowers followed by a bisexual phase. Some of the details you have pointed out can vary; there are instances of long-stalked flowers (both male & bisexual) in the eFI archives also. The variation in the length of the staminal filament can be seen in this photograph.


Yes, it is Schleichera oleosa dear …, thank you very much for ID confirmation of my tree and detailed description


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Sapindaceae: Schleichera oleosa: 1 image.
Schleichera oleosa from Paderu forest area Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh



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References:

Catalogue of life  The Plant List Ver.1.1  Tropicos  GRIN (syn. Schleichera trijuga Willd.)  Flowers of India  India Biodiversity Portal  Biotik (syn. Schleichera trijuga Willd.)  Wikipedia

Biodiversity in India, Volume 4 edited by T. Pullaiah (2006)- detailsSchleichera oleosa (syn. Schleichera trijuga Willd.)
Flora of Medak District, Andhra Pradesh, India By T. Pullaiah, Chintala Prabhakar, B. Ravi Prasad Rao (1998)- details-