Trichodesma indicum (L.) Sm., A. Rees, Cycl. 36: Trichodesma no. 1. 1817 (R. Br., Prodr. 149. 1810, nom. inval.; Lehm., Pl. Asperif. nucif. 193. 1818) (syn. (≡) Borago indica L. (basionym));
.
trik-oh-DES-ma — from the Greek thrix (hair), and desme (cable or band)Dave’s Botanary
IN-dih-kum or in-DEE-kum — of or from IndiaDave’s Botanary
.
commonly known as
: Indian borage • Gujarati: undhanphuli • Hindi: छोठा कल्प chhota kalpa • Kannada: ¿ ಕಟ್ಟೆತುಮ್ಬೆಸೊಪ್ಪು ? katthetumbesoppu • Malayalam: കിലുക്കാം‍തുമ്പ kilukkamthumpa • Marathi: छोटा कल्प chota kalpa • Nepalese: कनिके कुरों kanike kuro, ओनमोडिया झयाङ oonmodia-jhyang, उन्मुन्ती unmunti • Sanskrit: अधःपुष्पि adhahpuspi • Tamil: அதொமுகி ato-muki, கழுதைத்தும்பை kalutai-t-tumpai, கவிழ்தும்பை kaviltumpai • Telugu: గువ్వగుత్తి guvvagutti
.
Native to: Afghanistan, Indian subcontinent, Myanmar
.
Annual herb with spreading and densely hairy branches, inflorescence terminal, bracts leafy, flowers white, calyx 5-partite, hairy, corolla exceeding calyx length.
.
A small, annual herb with rough hairs. Stems densely hispid. Leaves opposite, subsessile, lanceolate or oblong, 2.5-6 cm long, entire, apex acute or subacute, base amplexicaul. Flowers solitary, axillary, pinkish-blue. Sepals lanceolate, finally pointed. Corolla-tube nearly as long as the calyx, lobes ovate, abruptly tapering into the narrow point. Anthers lanceolate, cohering in a woolly, projecting cone. Ovary 4-celled, style terminal, simple, ovule 1 in each cell. Nutlets 0.5 cm, ovoid, smooth, glabrous on the back, rugose on inner face. Fruits enclosed in the terminal calyx, nutlets 4, smooth, oblong-ovoid, 1-seeded.
.

On careful searching I found important characters to differentiate Trichodesmas.
1. Stamens included, Corolla tube longer than lobes, lobes shortly acuminate, not recurved…. …. T.inaequale.
1. Stamens exserted; corolla tube as long as, or shorter than lobes, lobes acuminate, recurved … 2
2. Glandular spots on corolla lobes; calyx hastate or cordate …. T.indicum
2. Glandular spots absent on corolla lobes; calyx rounded …. T. zeylanicum
.
As per efi thread:

Hastate calyx – agrees with T. indicum
T. zeylanicum illustrated in Shrikant ji’s Further Flowers of Sahyadri has calyx rounded at base, and the corolla lobes spirally twisted at apex.
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Trichodesma indicum – Mumbai :: 19092013 :: September 2013 : Attachments (6). 3 posts by 2 authors.
Captured this Trichodesma indicum in SGNP last weekend…. (19.9.13)



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Trichodesma indicum(Linn.) R. Br :  Attachments (1). 2 posts by 1 author.
Trichodesma indicum (Linn.) R. Br; Fam: Boraginaceae
wild weed in rainfed fields
flowering, krishnagiri

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ANAUG11 Confirmation- Trichodesma indicum? : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (2).

Bangalore
6th August2014


Affirmative


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QUERY AND ID REQUEST OF DROOPING BLOOMS OF SHIWALIK HILLS MOORS : 12 posts by 5 authors. 1 image.
Could the members of the esteemed group provide an identity for these flowers?
These peculiarly droop downwards in full bloom (not withering) and grow in the fallow lands and moors of the Lower Shivalik foothills behind Chandigarh in spring and early summer. They seem to be a kind of weed.


Seems to be from Trichodesma Species, common name Borage.


Thanks. Why are the flowers drooping? Does it serve any botanical function?


Trichodesma indicum (Chhota Kalpa)


Yes, thanks.


Interesting question. many flowers on this earth droop (at least 10% may be -15 %)
its an important evolutionary tale. of biological significance. sometimes simple, but often a complicated story,
depending on your viewpoint and religious inclinations of the masses (evolution is the key word, gets debate going)
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also this plant of the borangiaceae family is a very important medicinal plant
==
any publicly readable writing will have to be very thoughtful and sensitive.

This is due to one kind of nastic movement operating in the plant system, which is variable in different species, due to variation in turgor pressure of the cells. You may please go through the link and connected  websites on nastic movements.
http://plantsinaction.science.uq.edu.au/edition1/?q=content/8-2-5-nastic-movements.


Thanks, …


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Trichodesma (‎Boraginaceae) page with images of species in efloraofindia : ……………….


Seen Trichodesma inaequale and  T. zeylanicum for the first time.
Attaching one more photograph of a flower showing glandular spots on corolla lobes very clearly. Attachments (1)


Thanks, …, for the beautiful details of glandular spots on corolla lobes.


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GRAM 2017 Malvaceae : 6 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (13)
Requesting ID
Pictures taken at Kasara, Maharashtra in Sep 2016

This is a species of Trichodesma possibly the Indian Borage [T. indicum].


I agree with … As per comparative images & keys at Trichodesma, it should be Trichodesma indicum (L.) Sm. 



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27082017BHAR1 : 9 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (1) – 2 MB.
Found on road side near Chennai.


Thanks, …  I think Boraginaceae member. Pl. also check comparative images at family page. 


Trichodesma sp.? of Boraginaceae


Yes,  … Pl. check comparative images at genus page in efi site.


Trichodesma sp. Calyx view is required for species confirmation.


I feel it matches with: Trichodesma indicum


I agree with you as per comparative images at /species/a—l/b/boraginaceae/trichodesma



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On 20/7/08 at Agriculture University in Hyderabad, AP; On 6/12/09 in Bhongir Fort, AP; at Dhule region- Aug’09?; 11th January, 2009 & 25th August, 2009- Sanjay Gandhi National Park;

Indian Borage – indiantreepix | Google Groups
Trichodesma indicum (syn. Borago indica) – indiantreepix | Google Groups
Trichodesma Indicum – indiantreepix | Google Groups
Trichodesma indicum (Chhota Kalpa) – indiantreepix | Google Groups



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311011PD02 Flora of Orissa:  sharing another very important medicinal herb from Ranpur, Orissa
Name of the species: Trichodesma indicum
Place of collection: Ranpur, Nayagarh, Orissa
Family: Boraginaceae
Habit: Herb
Habitat: Grassland, scrub forests, Hedges
Description: Annual herb with spreading and densely hairy branches, inflorescence terminal, bracts leafy, flowers white, calyx 5-partite, hairy, corolla exceeding calyx length.


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trichodesma indicum:
at karnala last week


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trik-oh-DES-ma — from the Greek thrix (hair), and desme (cable or band)Dave’s Botanary
IN-dih-kum or in-DEE-kum — of or from IndiaDave’s Botanary
Aug 15, 2007 … at Bassein fort, Maharashtra
commonly known as: Indian borage • Gujarati: undhanphuli • Hindi: छोठा कल्प chhota kalpa • Kannada: ¿ ಕಟ್ಟೆತುಮ್ಬೆಸೊಪ್ಪು ? katthetumbesoppu • Malayalam: കിലുക്കാം‍തുമ്പ kilukkamthumpa • Marathi: छोटा कल्प chota kalpa • Nepalese: कनिके कुरों kanike kuro, ओनमोडिया झयाङ oonmodia-jhyang, उन्मुन्ती unmunti • Sanskrit: अधःपुष्पि adhahpuspi • Tamil: அதொமுகி ato-muki, கழுதைத்தும்பை kalutai-t-tumpai, கவிழ்தும்பை kaviltumpai • Telugu: గువ్వగుత్తి guvvagutti
Native to: Afghanistan, Indian subcontinent, Myanmar
References: Flowers of IndiaNPGS / GRINeFloraFurther Flowers of Sahyadri by Shrikant Ingalhalikar
more views: Aug 15, 2007 … at Bassein fort, Maharashtra
Sep 17, 2011 … at Mahuli fort, Maharashtra

Thanks …, incidently I have posted T. indicum almost at the same time, but your post has created some doubts regarding proper identification of my plant…I hope to get these clarified, is my plant different, I have learnt that the flower changes colour towards maturity, even the circumscription doesn’t match…


… my ID as well be validated by our friends familiar with species of Trichodesma … some white paper (not able to find now on the internet) focused on their calices and stamens.
T. indicum and T. zeylanicum seem to come quite close.
To me, your plant does seem to be T. indicum, though the colours could be different by variation.
The JPGs — Trichodesma amplexicaule — (1), (3), (6), (8) show hastate calyx – agrees with T. indicum
T. zeylanicum illustrated in Shrikant ji’s Further Flowers of Sahyadri has calyx rounded at base, and the corolla lobes spirally twisted at apex.
This is just my thoughts; let us wait for validating comments.



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Boraginace​ae Week :: Trichodesm​a indicum from Coimbatore: Sharing the pictures of Trichodesm​a indicum

Location: CODISIA Road Side.
Date: July 2011
Habitat: Urban Road side
Habit: Herb.

Just like in the borage the flowers seem to want to point towards the earth, I wonder why?



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Boraginaceae Week :: Trichodesma indicum at Nagpur:
Sharing few photographs of Trichodesma indicum.
Family: Boraginaceae,
Location: Gorewada, Nagpur


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Trichodesma indicum | Yeoor: Trichodesma indicum
Yeoor range, Sanjay Gandhi National Park
Nov`12



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Id of flower ID 16062013SH3 :   Attachments (1). 2 posts by 2 authors.

Posting a photo for Id of Flower
Location – Silonda , National Park,Mumbai
Habitat – Wild

Trichodesma indicum.



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Trichodesma indicum (Linn.) R. Br., Prodr. Pl. Nov. Holl. 149, 1810; Collett, Fl. Simlensis 331; Borago indica Linn., Sp. Pl. 137; Trichodesma amplexicaule Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 104, 1821.
A small, annual herb with rough hairs. Stems densely hispid. Leaves opposite, subsessile, lanceolate or oblong, 2.5-6 cm long, entire, apex acute or subacute, base amplexicaul. Flowers solitary, axillary, pinkish-blue. Sepals lanceolate, finally pointed. Corolla-tube nearly as long as the calyx, lobes ovate, abruptly tapering into the narrow point. Anthers lanceolate, cohering in a woolly, projecting cone. Ovary 4-celled, style terminal, simple, ovule 1 in each cell. Nutlets 0.5 cm, ovoid, smooth, glabrous on the back, rugose on inner face. Fruits enclosed in the terminal calyx, nutlets 4, smooth, oblong-ovoid, 1-seeded.

Trichodesma amplexicaule Roth is a synonym of Trichodesma indicum var. amplexicaule (Roth) T. Cooke (which is an accepted name) as per the Plant List.
While Trichodesma indicum (L.) Lehm. is also an accepted name.
Pl. resolve the issue.


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trichodesma indicum: Attachments (2). 6 posts by 4 authors.
trichodesma indicum, chandigarh

Commonly known as Indian borage and  Adhapushpi (Sans.) is a very very useful and commonly used medicinal plant in Ayurveda.
Very common around my house (Mysore ?)



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Trichodesma for ID :: Jammu :: JUN2018 MK006 : 6 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (4)
Please help me ID this Trichodesma sp. from Boraginaceae. From the key, I think this might be T.indicum. The plant is quite common in that area.
Habitat: dry scrub forest
Date: 30 May 2018
Place: Jammu rural, J & K
Altitude: 380 m asl

Trichodesma zeylanicum, to me.

I will go for Trichodesma indicum as per keys and images at Trichodesma

Looks like Trichodesma indicum

.


Trichodesma indicum from Anjana Layout, Bangalore-GS31012022-4: 4 very high res. images.
Trichodesma indicum photographed from Anjana Layout, Bangalore, 21-9-2015


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Trichodesma zeylanicum (Burm.f.) R.Br. :: Chinchoti, Thane district :: Apr 14, 2010 · JUN23 DV561: 2 images.

Trichodesma zeylanicum (Burm.f.) R.Br.
Chinchoti, Thane district :: Apr 14, 2010 · 12:06 PM IST :: about 5 m (16 ft) asl
Many thanks to Radha Veach for validating the ID at iNaturalist.

I think it is (as per images and keys herein):
https://efloraofindia.com/2011/04/03/trichodesma-indicum/


I read the keys described on https://efloraofindia.com/2012/06/27/trichodesma-zeylanicum/ page as follows:
2. Glandular spots on corolla lobes; calyx hastate or cordate …. T.indicum
2. Glandular spots absent on corolla lobes; calyx rounded …. T. zeylanicum
In the posted plant, I am not able to see any glandular spots on corolla lobes, and I see the calyx is rounded, not hastate.
To me, it is T. zeylanicum. Please let me know if I am mistaking.

Sometimes, images give better clarity.

Here, you can see glandular spots around the center of the flower in the brownish area.
Also calyx is not rounded, if you do the dissection.
I am able to analyse only to a certain limit 🙂 so I give up here.
… had validated my suggested ID at iNaturalist, as per her understanding.
Hello …, if you have any thoughts to justify the posted plant as Trichodesma zeylanicum, please let us know.

I think … might be right. The calyx is cordate here and not rounded.  A pity we don’t have more pictures with details.


I will revise my notes accordingly.


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SD0178 Trichodesma ID: 2 high res. images.
Kindly help with Trichodesma ID. Clicked in Jodhpur Aug 2023


Looks like Trichodesma indicum (L.) R.Br. Don’t you have a flower frontal image ?


No, …, I don’t. Thanks for ID help. Will try and get a flower frontal ID.


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Boraginaceae: Trichodesma indicum R.Br.: 1 image.
synonyms: Trichodesma indicum (L.) Lehm., Trichodesma amplexicaule Roth, Trichodesma indicum (L.) Sm.
location/date: Chikaldara, Melghat Tiger Reserve, Amravati Distr.,  Maharashtra, November 1994


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Regarding identification of the species collected from Dhenkanal Odisha on Feb 24: (mixed thread): 3 correct high res. images.


Trichodesma indicum (L.) Sm. !



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References:
NPGS / GRIN (Trichodesma indicum (L.) Sm. – (≡) Borago indica L. (basionym))