Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides (Wall.) Deb & B.Krishna, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 24: 222 1982 publ. 1983. (Syn: Chassalia ambigua (Wight & Arn.) Alston; Chassalia ophioxyloides (Wall.) Craib; Psychotria ambigua Wight & Arn.; Psychotria ophioxyloides Wall.);
.
Indian Subcontinent to S. China and W. & Central Malesia: Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Hainan, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sumatera, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam as per POWO;
.
¿ chas-sah-LEE-ah ? — named in honour of D. Chasal (de Chazal) of Mauritius … Verba nominalia
kurv-ih-FLOR-a — curved flower … Dave’s Botanary
oh-fee-oh-zy-LOY-deez — resembles features of Ophioxylon spp. — ophis (snake), xylon (wood) … Google search
.
commonly known as
: curved flower chassaliaKannada: ಕಾಡು ಗರುಡಪಾತಾಳ kaadu garudapatala, ನಿರ್ವಿಷಿ nirvishiMalayalam: യമരി yamari, വെള്ളക്കുറിഞ്ഞി vellakurinji, കാട്ടു വെള്ളഅമൽപ്പൊരി kattu vellaamalppori, നീല അമൽപ്പൊരി nila amalpporiTulu: ಕಾಟ್ಟು ಪಾತಾಳಗರುಡೆ kaattu patalagarude
.
Native to: s & s-w China, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Indochina, Malesia
.
As per efi thread : Sarpagandha and Chasalia comes under the same family Rubiaceae. The inflorescence looks alike when in flower (except the size; flowers are smaller and straight in Sarpagandha). Sarpagandha plants are always smaller than Chasalia. Fruiting inflorescence of Sarpagandha is red whereas in Chasalia it is white.
.

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Rubiaceae Week :: Psychotria nigra at Coorg:
Psychotria nigra (Gaertn.) Alston
……………….
Mar 30, 2011 … at Abbi Falls, Coorg, Karnataka
…………………
more views: Mar 30, 2011 … at Abbi Falls, Coorg, Karnataka

Nice set of pictures!
But, I do not think this is Psychotria rather it looks like Chasalia curviflora to me.

The longer corolla tube, the bluish/purplish tinge of buds leaf texture (kind of feeling) and venation made me to think in this regard.
Psychotria nigra is a different plant
Please refer @ Biotik

Do you have picture of open flowers?
Or would you please send/share a picture of close up of inflorescence in which the sepals are clearly seen (you may crop the picture 5594301684_14a2af04aa.jpg). Further, could you see any (brown) hairs in between the buds?
Was it a woody or non woody shrub?
It would be hard to come to a conclusion unless we have pictures of open flowers the bluish tinge of the buds suggests that this may not be Psychotria and membranous leaves are not a character for Psychotria


Many many thanks for validating this ID, …
I am convinced with Chasalia curviflora.
Earlier had put this plant for ID at efi thread
Incomplete set of plant aspects must have led … to suggest Psychotria nigra … he was clear about a feature not seen in the picture : The flowers are not open to show the characteristic reddish brown hairs.
Attaching a cropped version of 5594301684_14a2af04aa.jpg for your perusal.
(The file name of the original-sized image is however different).


Undoubtedly, C.curviflora.
There would be brown/reddish brown hairs in between flower buds in case of P. nigra and for whatever species that come close to P.nigra as per key provided by Gamble. Inside the flower (for any Psychotria species) you could see only white hairs


Thank you very very much … for this ID.


FOI has further taken it as Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides as per link

This is definitely not Psychotria nigra. It is Chassalia curviflora var ophioxyloides as mentioned in FOI


.


DV :: 30MAR11 – 1228 :: near Abbi Falls:
A shrub standing about 1.5 m tall (not sure if it grows to become a tree) on slopes of evergreen forest.

Date/Time : March 30, 2011 at 12.28pm IST
Location Place : near Abbi Falls, Coorg, Karnataka … 12.458508, 75.718272 on
Google maps <http://goo.gl/maps/lDnI>
Altitude : 3413 ft (above mean sea level)


– This would be Psychotria nigra (Gaeartn.) Alst. syn P. thwaitesii Hook. The flowers are not open to show the characteristic reddish browwn hairs but you can see them at the base. Other features also tally.


Chasalia curviflora in view of discussions in another thread


FOI has further taken it as Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides as per link



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Identify the sp please.. : Attachments (2). 6 posts by 3 authors.
Shruby plant for ID. located by one of my friends in Karnataka in Udupi.


Looks to be any Rauvolfia sp.


Thanks for reply.
But going thoroughly It may be the ‘Chassalia curviflora’ an undershrub, mostly found in western ghats.
Quite confusing with Rauvolfia sp. But all the characters differs.
So all of you, pl make your judgements and with your observations confirm the same.


efi pages are at Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides


As per Flora of Eastern Ghats: Hill Ranges of South East India, Volume 3 By T. Pullaiah, K. Sri Ramamurthy (2007- Chassalia ophioxyloides (Wall.) Craib), ‘Chassalia curviflora’ is restyricted only to Malay peninsula & Siam., we should take it as Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides, if Id is correct.  



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Chasalia curviflora_19-02-12_GK_01: (15 images).
Chasalia curviflora of Rubiaceae family.
The first set (up to GIB 4847) are from a shaded place and the rest (the last 4 pictures) are from open area.

Most beautiful shots / closeups. A new introduction. Thanks … for sharing the photographs.


Very nice, …  pic 4852 somehow reminds me of Sarpagandha, I wonder why?


Sarpagandha and Chasalia comes under the same family Rubiaceae. The inflorescence looks alike when in flower (except the size; flowers are smaller and straight in Sarpagandha). Sarpagandha plants are always smaller than Chasalia. Fruiting inflorescence of Sarpagandha is red whereas in Chasalia it is white.


I can understand … thoughts. Very true. … has replied positively ..Good thoughtful interaction.



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Chassalia curviflora : Attachments (1). 3 posts by 3 authors.

Chassalia curviflora
Goa. July 2013.


Nice photograh … Do have photograph of habitat and complete plant…


Nice photographs. The plant belongs to family Rubiaceae.


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Fwd: [efloraofindia:175591] Please help for identification BT 1 : 3 posts by 3 authors.
Please help for identification


… could it be species of Chassalia ?


Yes, it may be Chassalia curviflora.


Fwd: [efloraofindia:175591] Please help for identification BT 1 :  Attachments (1).  4 posts by 4 authors.
Please help for identification

… could it be species of Chassalia ?


Yes, it may be Chassalia curviflora.


Please look at revision of Chassalia published by D, B, Deb long back in JETB



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Chassalia curviflora (Wall.) Thwaites SN Sep25, : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (2).
Chassalia curviflora (Wall.) Thwaites (= Chassalia ophioxyloides (Wall.) Craib),
Rubiaceous shrub from Hebri (Udupi dt) area of Karnataka


ANDEC79 Chassalia curviflora : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (9)

Agumbe, Karnataka
26th December 2014



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Agumbe :: Chassalia curviflora :: DVJAN64 : 4 posts by 3 authors. 4 images.
Agumbe Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka
Date: 26 DEC 2014 Altitude: about 700 m asl
Chassalia curviflora (Wall.) Thwaites … (family: Rubiaceae)

I think Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides (Pl. see details inside).


I agree with you about the identification of the plant uploaded


Thank you very much … for pointing to correct ID. Will correct my notes in flickr soon.
Thank you very much … for validating the ID,



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ANMAR46/68 Chassalia curviflora :  2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (8)

Family: Rubiaceae
Date: 21st March 2015
Place: Aralam WLS, Kerala

Habit: Shrub


Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides


 


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MS April, 2016/20 Shrub for ID : 5 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (2)

Location : Lungkulh, Mizoram
Date : 13/04/2016
Habit : Shrub
Habitat : Wild


I think chassalia curviflora. A rubiaceae member


It may be a species of Mycetia (Rubiaceae). I have not seen such plant.


Thanks, …, for the Id. I think it matches with Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides


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76-TSP-ID-07JUN2016-3:Shrub @ Vanagur for ID : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (4)

Kindly identify this shrub……..an Ixora sp….??? 

Habit: Shrub 

Habitat: Wild, Evergreen Forest. 

Sighting: Vanagur, Sakaleshpur, Karnataka, about 1000 msl 

Date: 28-04-2016




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Lauraceae Litsea sp : 5 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (2)
Location Rajnagar Kumarghat Unakoti district Tripura\r\nPlease identify

This is Rubiaceae member
Possibly Chasalia sp.


I think matches with images at Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides


.


Please help me with the name kaattusirukaapipatchillai in native script, the name for Psychotria ophioxyloides (Wall. ex Roxb) Thw. … synonym of Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides (Wall.) Deb & B.Krishna.
Reference: Ethnobotanical Leaflets 11: 280-290. 2007.

Sir, Find kaattusirukaapipatchillai in Tamil script
காட்டுசிறுகாப்பி பச்சிலை

The name kaattusirukaapipatchillai may be transcribed in Tamil as காட்டு சிறு காப்பி பச்சிலை.



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via Species‎ > ‎C‎ > Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides (Wall.) Deb & B.Krishna … family: Rubiaceae

Flowers of India Discussions at efloraofindia more views in flickr more views on Google Earth
¿ chas-sah-LEE-ah ? — named in honour of D. Chasal (de Chazal) of MauritiusVerba nominalia
kurv-ih-FLOR-a — curved flower … Dave’s Botanary
oh-fee-oh-zy-LOY-deez — resembles features of Ophioxylon spp. — ophis (snake), xylon (wood)Google search
commonly known as: curved flower chassaliaKannada: ಕಾಡು ಗರುಡಪಾತಾಳ kaadu garudapatala, ನಿರ್ವಿಷಿ nirvishiMalayalam: യമരി yamari, വെള്ളക്കുറിഞ്ഞി vellakurinji, കാട്ടു വെള്ളഅമൽപ്പൊരി kattu vellaamalppori, നീല അമൽപ്പൊരി nila amalpporiTulu: ಕಾಟ್ಟು ಪಾತಾಳಗರುಡೆ kaattu patalagarude
botanical names: Chassalia* curviflora var. ophioxyloides (Wall.) Deb & B.Krishna … synonyms: Chassalia ophioxyloides (Wall.) Craib • Psychotria ambigua Wight & Arn. • Psychotria ophioxyloides Wall. … The Plants List (2013). Version 1.1.
* incorrect orthographic variants often seen in literature: Chasalia, Chasallia, or ChazaliaFlora of Thailand
March 30, 2011 … Abbi Falls, Coorg


¿ chas-sah-LEE-ah ? — named in honour of D. Chasal (de Chazal) of Mauritius … Verba nominalia • Wikipedia
kurv-ih-FLOR-a — curved flower … Dave’s Botanary
oh-fee-oh-zy-LOY-deez — resembles features of genus Ophioxylonophis (snake), xylon (wood) … Google search

commonly known as: curved flower woody chassalia • Kannada: ಕಾಡು ಗರುಡಪಾತಾಳ kaadu garudapathala, ನಿರ್ವಿಷಿ nirvishi • Malayalam: കാട്ടു വെള്ളഅമൽപ്പൊരി kattu vellaamalppori, നീല അമൽപ്പൊരി nila amalppori, വെള്ളക്കുറിഞ്ഞി vellakurinji, യമരി yamari • Mizo: hmuamsen, khummurmu • Tulu: ಕಾಟ್ಟು ಪಾತಾಳಗರುಡೆ kaattu patalagarude

botanical namesChassalia curviflora (Wall.) Thwaites … synonymsChassalia ambigua (Wight & Arn.) Alston • Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides (Wall.) Deb & B.Krishna • Chassalia ophioxyloides (Wall.) Craib • Psychotria ambigua Wight & Arn. • Psychotria curviflora Wall. • Psychotria ophioxyloides Wall. … and many more synonyms listed at POWO

Bibliography / etymology

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~
curved flower woody chassalia (or curved flower snake chassalia)
  • for synonym Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides (Wall.) Deb & B.Krishna … Flowers of India
  • the epithet curviflora = curved flower; the variety epithet ophioxyloides is ophis (snake) + xylon (wood)
~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~
ಕಾಡು ಗರುಡಪಾತಾಳ kaadu garudapathala
  • for synonym Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides (Wall.) Deb & B.Krishna … Shodhganga – Medicinal plants of Tulunadu … ಕಾಡು ಗರುಡಪಾತಾಳ kaadu garudapathala (wild rauvolfia ) – from its close resemblance to Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz
ನಿರ್ವಿಷಿ nirvishi
~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~
കാട്ടു വെള്ളഅമൽപ്പൊരി kattu vellaamalppori, വെള്ളക്കുറിഞ്ഞി vellakurinji, യമരി yamari
  • for synonym Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides (Wall.) Deb & B.Krishna … Shodhganga – Medicinal plants of Tulunadu
  • Many thanks to Haneesh Km for help with these names … facebook
നീല അമൽപ്പൊരി nila amalppori
~~~~~ MIZO ~~~~~
hmuamsen
  • for synonym Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides (Wall.) Deb & B.Krishna … WISDOM LIBRARY – the greatest source of ancient and modern knowledge
khummurmu
~~~~~ TULU ~~~~~
ಕಾಟ್ಟು ಪಾತಾಳಗರುಡೆ kaattu patalagarude
  • for synonym Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides (Wall.) Deb & B.Krishna … Shodhganga – Medicinal plants of Tulunadu … ಕಾಟ್ಟು ಪಾತಾಳಗರುಡೆ kaattu patalagarude (wild rauvolfia ) – from its close resemblance to Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz
~~~~~ x ~~~~~

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Chassia curviflora var. ophioxyloides : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (8)
Chassia curviflora var. ophioxyloides
it was seen growing around Thattekkad, near Kothamangalam
First week of October 2018


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Chassalia curviflora : 2 posts by 2 authors. 1 image.

Attaching a photograph of a shrub.
Seen at Mangalore, Karnataka on 25th Dec 2019
I think it is Chassalia curviflora, please confirm.

May be Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides (Wall.) Deb & B.Krishna as per images and details herein.



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Chasalia sp. for ID (Family : Rubiaceae) : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (1).
Place : Zo-ngaw, Mizoram. Date : 29-05-2014.
Habit :Shrub. Habitat : Growing wild in the tree forest.


Is it Curved Flower Snake Chassalia (Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides) as per FOI or Chassalia curviflora var. curviflora as per FOC illustration ?


Chassalia curviflora (Wall.) Thwaites ??


May I request you to pl. post a high resolution image.


I find it a bit different from other images at Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides


2 high resolution images


Yes, matches as per images at Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides


 


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Chassalia sp. for ID : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (1).
Place : Dampui, Mizoram. Date : 29-05-2014.
Habit : shrub. Habitat : growing wild in tree forest.

Pl. click Chassalia – some‎ species in India & eFI with some keys


Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides (Wall.) Deb & B.Krishna ??


May I request you for a high resolution image.
What are the species listed in your area?


Chasalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides and C.lushaiensis are listed in Mizoram


I require a high resolution image to see the details and keys. I only found one specimen of Chassalia lushaiensis in GBIF from Lushai Hills, Assam.


May I request you to pl. post the keys and description.



Thanks, … As it is not a tree, it may be C.curviflora only. Also C.lushaiensis is reported from type locality.


.


Chassalia curviflora: 1 high res. image.
Chassalia curviflora
Behali Reserve Forest, Biswanath, Assam, India


.


Chassalia species for validation and identification:
04/05/2022, 9.58 am
Location- – Kottakkal, Malappuram District, Kerala
Habitat- Observed in both unoccupied plots and also backyards as invasive species in urban settings
Plant Habit- – Shrub
Height/Length- 1-1.5 metrer height


Pl. check images at
https://efloraofindia.com/2013/02/01/chassalia-curviflora/


Surely the plant must be Chassalia curviflora (Wall.) Thwaites,
https://powo.science.kew.org/names:746289-1

.


MS,May, 2023/03 Chassalia sp. for id.:
Location : Sihphir (Rescue Centre), Mizoram

Altitude : ca.1,000 m
Date : 05-05-2022
Habit : Undershrub
Habitat : Wild

https://www.sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/species/m—z/r/rubiaceae/chassalia/chassalia-curviflora
Please check whether this is the plant.


Please check Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides (Wall.) Deb & B.Krishna


Yes, appears close to images at Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides


.


MS, May, 2023/12 Chassalia sp.? for id: 2 images.
Location : Hmuifang, Mizoram

Altitude : ca.1,380 m
Date : 30-05-2023
Habit : Undershrub
Habitat : Wild

Yes from me.  Looks more like the suggested  genera.

Yes.


Appears close to images at
https://efloraofindia.com/2013/02/01/chassalia-curviflora-var-ophioxyloides/



.

References:
POWO  The Plant List  Flora of China 
Chassalia curviflora « The Total Vascular Flora of Singapore Online  Flowers of India  Illustration

Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides – Encyclopedia of Life 

Encyclopaedia of World Medicinal Plants, Volume 2 By T. Pullaiah 

Flora of Eastern Ghats: Hill Ranges of South East India, Volume 3 By T. Pullaiah, K. Sri Ramamurthy (2007- Chassalia ophioxyloides (Wall.) Craib)

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