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Balanites roxburghii Planch., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. IV, 2: 258 1854. (syn: Agialid roxburghii (Planch.) Kuntze; Balanites aegyptiaca var. indica Voigt; Balanites aegyptiaca var. roxburghii (Planch.) Duthie; Balanites indica Tiegh.; Balanites jacquemontii Tiegh.; Balanites rigida Royle ex B.D.Jacks.; Coccocypselum herbaceum Royle);
. India as per POWO; . .
WCSP gives distribution of Balanites roxburghii Planch. only in India, but it does not give any distribution of Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile in India.
In view I am taking all posts so far in efi on Balanites from India as Balanites roxburghii Planch.
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Yes there is only one species of Balanites roxburghii Planch. in India. While describing this in FBI Vol. 1, Page 527 A. Bennett wrote “very nearly allied to, and perhaps only a variety of, the B. aegyptiaca of Northern and Tropical Africa”. BSI Flora of India, Vol. 4 also records only B. roxburghii differing from African B. aegyptiaca in petals being villous on inner surface, shorter petiolule and ovary not lengthening after flowering..
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Common name: Desert Date, Egyptian myrobalan, heglig, Jericho balsam, simple thorned torch tree, simple-thorned torchwood, soap berry tree • Hindi: हिंगोट hingot, हिंगन hingan, हिंगन का पेड़ hingan-ka-per, इंगुदी ingudi, हिंगोर hingor • Kannada: ingala, ingalarade, ingalare • Malayalam: namunta, nanchunta • Marathi: hingalbet, hingam • Sanskrit: तापसद्रुमः tapasadruma, angaravrksa, हिंगुपत्र hinguputra • Tamil: nanchundan, nancuntan • Telugu: gara, gara-chettu • Urdu: hingot
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23072011-BS-2- a shrub for ID from Kunjpura Karnal Haryana : 7 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (10).
pls id this Shrub
From Kunjpura Karnal road side area. Wild
About 5-6 ft high. no flowers could be seen. Leaves slightly leathery. Fruit about 2-3 cm long. Stem Thorny
Some of pics were taken at home as card was full there and i brought a twig of the plant at home to get more shots Balanites aegyptiaca ? Yes I think id provided by … is right. Toady (31.8.14) near Karnal we found a medium size tree of this sp with fruits. attaching images of that also Very nice, after you told us what it was I googled it… found this is a very interesting, all round tree all of its parts are useful… Yes … Important Medicinal Plant Today I tried to solve the puzzle and it appears that the attached plant is Balanites roxburghii. The plant was found in the area from where it was collected by Drummond in 1885. I am attaching the some pages from the following reference
The Desert Date and Its Relatives: A Revision of the Genus Balanites Author(s): Martin J. S. Sands Source: Kew Bulletin,Vol. 56, No. 1 (2001), pp. 1-128
Attachments (2)- 1 MB each.
Thanks, … Pages in the attachments are inverted. Is it possible to send them in normal position ? . TSPDEC2015-24-197:Images of Balanites roxburghii (Zygophyllaceae) : 2 posts by 1 author. Attachments (7)
It is my pleasure to share few images of Balanites roxburghii (Zygophyllaceae) Habit: Small tree Habitat: Scrub forest Sighting: Tumkur Date: 18-11-2014, 27-01-2015 and 15-03-2015 Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile, 1812
Syn. Ximenia aegyptiaca L. Picture taken near Jodhpur (Rajasthan) Balanites aegyptiaca is a species of tree, classified either as a member of the Zygophyllaceae or the Balanitaceae. This tree is native to much of Africa and parts of the Middle East. This is one of the most common trees in Senegal.
It can be found in many kinds of habitat, tolerating a wide variety of soil types, from sand to heavy clay, and climatic moisture levels, from arid to subhumid. It is relatively tolerant of flooding, livestock activity, and wildfire.
The yellow, single-seeded fruit is edible, but bitter. Many parts of the plant are used asfamine foods in Africa; the leaves are eaten raw or cooked, the oily seed is boiled to make it less bitter and eaten mixed with sorghum, and the flowers can be eaten.The tree is considered valuable in arid regions because it produces fruit even in dry times. The fruit can be fermented for alcoholic beverages. [Information compiled from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balanites_aegyptiaca]
23072011-BS-2- a shrub for ID from Kunjpura Karnal Haryana: Yes I think id provided by … is right. Toady near Karnal we found a medium size tree of this sp with fruits. attaching images of that also Very nice, after you told us what it was I googled it… found this is a very interesting, all round tree all of its parts are useful… Yes … Important Medicinal Plant
Id Please: 061111CR01: This is Balanites aegyptiaca.
Shrub for ID: SPC-021 : 23-09-12 : Baroda: Could this be an important ayurvedic plant called akantaka .. It is indeed Balanites aegyptiaca. Thanks again. Yes Balanites aegyptiaca
Balanites aegyptiaca Del : Attachments (1). 2 posts by 2 authors. Marsur near Chandapura, Bengaluru Urban, Karnataka
small tree near railway track
Fruit used in medicine
Hingote Thanks … this is occasional in our area, several times found in fruiting condition, yet to find flowers which are very beautiful..
It somewhat looks like Balanites aegyptiaca (?) I agree with … Thanks a lot …. Now a problem. I got B. roxburghii as suggestion on Indian Flora Facebook. The Plant List treats B. aegyptiaca and B. roxburghii as two distinct species. It would be interesting to know differences. Some sources treat them synonyms. Thanks, …, for this important issue.
Pl. see CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants: Common Names … By Umberto Quattrocchi (2012).
More details at Balanites Thanks …. This is what I could gather from this book Balanites aegyptiaca: Evergreen tree, fluted trunk, slow growing rounded crown; long straight green spines spirally arranged on branches; smooth bark fissured, leaves with two grey-green leaflets; flowers yellow-green in clusters; fruits yellow, date-like; seed very hard, pointed, surrounded by bittersweet flesh; ripe fruit edible, young leaves and tender shoots used as vegetable. Indian names: Akantaka, hanchadi, garacheti, hingot, hingora
B. roxburghii: shrub with stout axillary spines; alternate leaves; small greenish white flowers. Indian
names: Dirghakanta, hingoloro, hingaata, hinganbet
Perhaps … known where we had photographed this to confirm whether it was a tree or shrub and colour of flowers
  ARJUL38 Spiny Shrub for ID : 9 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (2). This looks like a species of Balanites. A guess…Balanites?? Yes … sir. Forgot to reply. This is a Balanites. only species in efi so far Balanites aegyptiaca
The Plant List treats B. aegyptiaca and B. roxburghii as two distinct species. It would be interesting to know differences. Some sources treat them synonyms.
Thanks, …, for this important issue. Pl. see CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants: Common Names … By Umberto Quattrocchi (2012).
More details at Balanites
Balanites aegyptiaca: Evergreen tree, fluted trunk, slow growing rounded crown; long straight green spines spirally arranged on branches; smooth bark fissured, leaves with two grey-green leaflets; flowers yellow-green in clusters; fruits yellow, date-like; seed very hard, pointed, surrounded by bittersweet flesh; ripe fruit edible, young leaves and tender shoots used as vegetable. Indian names: Akantaka, hanchadi, garacheti, hingot, hingora
B. roxburghii: shrub with stout axillary spines; alternate leaves; small greenish white flowers. Indian names: Dirghakanta, hingoloro, hingaata, hinganbet
I think as per these keys, it should be Balanites aegyptiaca only. Yes, thank you very much Pl. see Balanites roxburghii in … posting with published literature in another thread.
ANMAR23/44 Balanites aegyptiaca : 4 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (9)
Family: Zygophyllaceae Looking nice with fresh flowers
Need id assistance for JNU plant 170415SP1-4: 6 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (4)
I need id assistance for following images collected from JNU New campus
Date: 17/04/2015 Locality: JNU New Campus Habit: Shrub, scandent beset with spines throughout stem Balanites sp. Balanites species in efi so far: Balanites aegyptiaca & Balanites roxburghii Yes it is Balanites aegyptiaca only, the bifoliate leaves prove the identity.
It is my pleasure to share few images of Balanites roxburghii (Zygophyllaceae) Habit: Small tree Habitat: Srcub forest Sighting: Tumkur Date: 18-11-2014, 27-01-2015 and 15-03-2015 Ref: http://florakarnataka.ces.iisc.ernet.in/hjcb2/herbsheet.php?id=4230&cat=1 The Plant List treats B. aegyptiaca and B. roxburghii as two distinct species. It would be interesting to know differences. Some sources treat them synonyms.
Thanks, …, for this important issue. Pl. see CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants: Common Names … By Umberto Quattrocchi (2012).
More details at Balanites
Balanites aegyptiaca: Evergreen tree, fluted trunk, slow growing rounded crown; long straight green spines spirally arranged on branches; smooth bark fissured, leaves with two grey-green leaflets; flowers yellow-green in clusters; fruits yellow, date-like; seed very hard, pointed, surrounded by bittersweet flesh; ripe fruit edible, young leaves and tender shoots used as vegetable. Indian names: Akantaka, hanchadi, garacheti, hingot, hingora
B. roxburghii: shrub with stout axillary spines; alternate leaves; small greenish white flowers. Indian names: Dirghakanta, hingoloro, hingaata, hinganbet Yes .The description matches with that of B.roxburghii (B. roxburghii: shrub with stout axillary spines; alternate leaves; small greenish white flowers. Indian names: Dirghakanta, hingoloro, hingaata, hinganbet ). In my opinion B.roxburghii is distinct from B.aegyptiaca. I have relied upon the description of B.roxburghii contained in the Digital Flora of Karnataka, Moreover, the uploaded specimen was sighted in exactly the same locality as that is reported in the DFK
Ref: http://florakarnataka.ces.iisc.ernet.in/hjcb2/herbsheet.php?id=4230&cat=1 There is only one link which gives differences between the two i.e. CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants: Common Names … (I don’t know how reliable these are ?)
It is possible that both species are the same. WCSP gives distribution of Balanites roxburghii Planch. only in India, but it does not give any distribution of Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile in India.
In view I am taking all posts so far in efi on Balanites from India as Balanites roxburghii Planch. That would be fine … Yes there is only one species of Balanites roxburghii Planch. in India. While describing this in FBI Vol. 1, Page 527 A. Bennett wrote “very nearly allied to, and perhaps only a variety of, the B. aegyptiaca of Northern and Tropical Africa”. BSI Flora of India, Vol. 4 also records only B. roxburghii differing from African B. aegyptiaca in petals being villous on inner surface, shorter petiolule and ovary not lengthening after flowering.
ID request 04122017CP1 : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (3)
Kindly identify this tree growing in JNU campus, New Delhi. It flowers in May.
Balanites roxburghii. Hingot Thanks, … Done.
. JP240312 Balanites sp: Should we not shift under B. roxburghii only along with images. . Balanites roxburghii : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (2)- around 905 kb each.
Saplings in Auroville Botanical Garden TN.   Balanites roxburghii: 2 images. Found in Auroville Botanical Garden TN in July. This is Balanites (Zygophyllaceae). . Balanites aegyptiaca in FOI: Also see discussions at TSPDEC2015-24-197:Images of Balanites roxburghii (Zygophyllaceae) Corrected. . Zygophyllaceae: Balanites aegyptiacus Delile: 1 image. This is Balanites roxburghii as per distribution given in POWO for both the species as below: The correct name should have been Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile – it does occur in India. See: Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile (gbif.org)
In my new book, the distribution of the species, derived from a number of sources, reads like this:
Distribution and Habitat Native to the Old World tropics from northeastern Africa and Arabia to the semi-arid and dry deciduous forest regions of the Indian subcontinent to Myanmar. Found from western Rajasthan and southeastern Punjab to West Bengal and Sikkim, and throughout the drier parts of Peninsular India to Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. This species is characteristic of black cotton soils in Peninsular India and is also common on open sandy plains. There has been a lot of confusion as different sources say different things.
GBIF (based on Catalogue of Life) states them as the same.
But POWO (treating the two as different) and BSI Flora of India do not agree with this.
See more details and discussions at
https://efloraofindia.com/2014/09/11/balanites-roxburghii/ https://efloraofindia.com/2011/02/08/balanites/ Thanks for this additional information. These taxonomic disputes are not uncommon, as you well know. When in doubt, I have let GBIF have the “last word “. GBIF follows taxonomy as per Catalogue of Life.
Most of our Experts find POWO is better than Catalogue of Life.
Particularly as far as Flora of India is concerned as it was documented by the British taxonomists initially.
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