Citrus × microcarpa

Citrus × microcarpa Bunge, Enum. Pl. China Bor.: 10 (1833) (syn: × Citrofortunella microcarpa (Bunge) Wijnands; × Citrofortunella mitis (Blanco) J.W.Ingram & H.E.Moore ; Citrus × mitis Blanco ; Citrus × mitis f. gekkitsu Hayata ; Citrus × mitis f. shikikitsu Hayata );
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Artificial cross is C. japonica × C. reticulata as per POWO;

As per efi thread:
fruits of C. japonica would have fruits smaller than 1.5 cm, 3-4 chambered with 3-4 seeded mature fruit, skin smooth shining.
C. x microcarpa Bunge on the other hand has larger fruits 2-4 cm, more look of mandarin, especially when young (because it is hybrid between mandarin-Citrus reticulata and C. japonica: that is why size is larger than japonica and smaller than mandarin. more important fruit is more than 5 chambered and more than 6 seeds (see my cut fruit),

Comparative fruit differences
Citrus japonica, Kumquat
Citrus microcarpa, Calamansi, Calamondin

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Kumquat – California – 281113 – RK : Attachments (7). 1 post by 1 author.
Citrus japonica – Rutaceae http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumquat Los Altos – last of US plant series – May-June 2013 – pic of fruit taken – 08/07/13 – & the rest 18/07/13. Late morning. Had thought i would not be present when flowers had opened satisfactorily – decided to try my luck just 1/2 an hr before departure for airport – was delighted to see quite a load of flowers:) The fruit is just over an inch in diameter & can be eaten whole – rind & all!


This I suppose is C. x microcarpa



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Citrus Fruits for ID : Lalbagh, Bangalore : 180518 : AK-12 : 20 posts by 6 authors. Attachments (6)
All the fruits were small in size, not getting bigger.
Could be Atalantia Species?

Pl. also check Atalantia species in efi site with images.

yes it looks like Atalantia monophylla


Was lucky to see a couple of ripe fruits on the same plant yesterday.
Attachments (3)


Net images showing different fruit images.

could not this  be just the run of the mill nagpur santara. i just bought some and they thay this same fluffy looking wrinkled skin and the knobby distal end


yes I agree with …, not Atalantia or Pamburus


I was also thinking it to be oranges.

Thank you all for the feedback.
The fruits were very tiny, approx half an inch.
The pictures have been taken using a zoom.
The unripe ones posted earlier in the same post were the size of a pea.


Noted. citruses of same sp can be many sizes, unless its commercially grown, where nurseries do most likely mass production in tissue explants etc


Pl. check tiny orange like fruits of ×Citrofortunella microcarpa


Since it is a cultivated plant it may be kumquat fruit; Citrus japonica


Thanks, … What id the difference between Citrus japonica and ×Citrofortunella microcarpa ?


Synonyms according to most databases, though not very clear
Catalogue of life considers Citrus microcarpa Bunge an accepted name with Citrofortunella microcarpa (Bunge) D. O. Wijnands as synonym

At the same time Citrus microcarpa A. Bunge ambiguous synonym of C. japonica Thunb.
World Flora online considers C. x microcarpa Bunge as ambiguous with Citrofortunella microcarpa (Bunge) D. O. Wijnands  as synonym
C. microcarpa Bunge as synonym of C. japonica Thunb
Kew Database considers C. x microcarpa Bunge as unplaced with Citrofortunella microcarpa (Bunge) D. O. Wijnands as synonym, does not list C. japonica

As of today C. x microcarpa Bunge is accepted name according to POWO and COL


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Please tell me the name of this Rutaceae (??) : 7 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (3)
Clicked in Delhi last week.


Could be a species of Atalantia. But not sure in the absence of flowers


I think Citrus mitis Blanco (Chinese orange), an ornamental plant….


I express my sincere thanks to you for kindly telling the name.


It is Citrus japonica Thunb. as per images and details herein.


This also looks C. x microcarpa.



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Rutaceae Week : Tree for ID : Delhi : 080512 : AK-3:
A small cultivated tree, hardly 5 feet in height.

Picture taken on the 11th of Feb,12 in Delhi.
Very few flowers seen, more of tiny Orange like fruits.
Kindly id.

x Citrofortunella microcarpa


It is Citrus japonica Thunb. as per images and details herein.


Fortunella japonica….. Round Kumquat.


Citrus x microcarpa Bunge according to me.


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Citrus For ID : Jim Corbett,Uttarakhand : 230614 : AK-42 : 4 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (4).
Citrus plant seen in the resort where we were staying.
A cultivated plant, around 3 feet in height seen on 21/5/14.
Species id please.

Look like Calamondin [ x Citrofortunella microcarpa (Bunge) Wijnands]- an intergeneric hybrid of  Citrus reticulata and Fortunella japonica, known only in cultivation.


Thanks to you and … for the id. I had posted one from Delhi earlier which was identified as the same.

Could you look into this as well?
Look like Calamondin [ x Citrofortunella microcarpa (Bunge) Wijnands]- an intergeneric hybrid of  Citrus reticulata and Fortunella japonica, known only in cultivation.

Fruit size when mature ?


I found only the flowers and green fruits during our short stay at Corbett. No idea about the size of the ripe ones. It was a small plant, barely 2-3 feet. Not a tree.


It is Citrus japonica Thunb. as per images and details herein.


But there is a difference in both the flowers, these and the ones seen in Delhi.
Both identified as the same Species.


Citrus x microcarpa according to me.


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Citrus japonica from Delhi-GS29102025-1: 7 high res. images

Citrus japonica Thunb., Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal., ser. 2, 3: 208 (1780)
Syn: Citrus madurensis Lour., Citrus x aurantium subsp. japonica (Thunb.) Engl.
  Common Name: Round Kumquat,
Small shrub or small tree barely 2-3 m tall. Leaves  with very narrowly winged petiole less than 1 cm long, obovate, elliptic to broadly ovate, obtuse with crenulate margin. Flower usually solitary or up to 3 in a fascicle, subsessile, petals about 5 mm long, fruit usually less than 3 cm, globose with thin rind, 4-6 chambered, orange yellow when ripe.
Clicked from Vikas Puri, Delhi

It would be interesting to know whether this plant is round Kumquat (Citrus japonica Lour.) or Calamondin, Calamansi (Citrus x microcarpa Bunge).
eFlora of Pakistan treats Citrus microcarpa Bunge as synonym of C. madurensis Lour, with fruits 30 x 27 mm. eFlora of China however, treats C. madurensis Lour. as synonym of C. japonica Thunb. (also followed by POWO) but records fruit size 9-10 mm.
In our plant fruits are mostly 25 to 40 mm in size.
Please help in resolving. The tree is still is fruit, so I can verify any feature.


I am now convinced it is Citrus x microcarpa
https://www.gardenia.net/plant/citrus-microcarpa
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calamansi
and not Citrus japonica
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumquat


One more confirmation
Today Dr Vijay Sulladmath Retired Principal Scientist, Fruit Crops, identified it as Citrus x mitis Blanco
Luckily for me, it is synonym of C. x microcarpa according to POWO.



Fresh images today (27.12.25)
4 images.


What about other observations at
https://efloraofindia.com/efi/citrus-japonica/?


I have given my comments on all posts on that page
I have been working on this small tree growing just below our flat. Initially I also thought it as C. japonica. My description resembled Citrus madurensis Lour as described in eFlora of Pakistan (Fruit size 3 cm x 2.7 cm), with C. microcarpa Bunge as its synonym. eFlora of China considered C. madurensis as synonym of C. japonica Thunb. (but silent on C. microcarpa). that led me to my earlier identification as japonica.
Now after a lot of studies I have concluded that fruits of C. japonica would have fruits smaller than 1.5 cm, 3-4 chambered with 3-4 seeded mature fruit, skin smooth shining.

C. x microcarpa Bunge on the other hand has larger fruits 2-4 cm, more look of mandarin, especially when young (because it is hybrid between mandarin-Citrus reticulata and C. japonica: that is why size is larger than japonica and smaller than mandarin. more important fruit is more than 5 chambered and more than 6 seeds (see my cut fruit), young fruit and mature fruit for comparison.



Comparative fruit differences
Citrus japonica, Kumquat
Citrus microcarpa, Calamansi, Calamondin


The small tree of C. x microcarpa with ripe fruits now.
1 high res. image.



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Ornamental Oranges for ID : 180711 : AK-1:
Taken at a private terrace garden in Pune, Maharashtra on 24/12/2005.
Didn’t taste them….but I’m told they are sour.


I had this miniature orange plant bought from a vendor from Darjeeling. The fruit is very sour even when ripe. The young fruits are used to make achar. I am also waiting for ID.


Could be Fortunella japonica (Citrus japonica / Citrus fortunella)


yes, these are commonly called chinese oranges and are very bitter and sour. but they make a wonderful bitter marmalade and pickle. They are also preserved whole in a brandy and sugar syrup to make delicious liqueur.


I got one of these too last year and though mine is a small plant it already has about 5 fruits on it. I have been looking for it’s ID too and I thought it might be the Calamondin orange. Not sure though.


This should also be C. microcarpa Bunge




Citrus japonica Thunb. : 5 posts by 1 author. 5 images- 6 to 7 mb each.
Location : Gyaneswor, Kathmandu, Nepal
Elevation : 1300 m.
Date : 22 April 2020
Habitat : Cultivated
Syn : Fortunella japonica (Thunb.) Swingle
Nepali Name : मुन्तला  Muntalaa

Looks Citrus x microcarpa Bunge

fruit size is 2-4 cm

C. japonica would have fruits around 1cm, oblong (typical japonica) or round kumquat (formerly separate species but now C. japonica)


My ID is correct.



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References:
POWO

Updated on February 2, 2026

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