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Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob., 204 1970. (Syn. Eupatorium conyzoides Mill.; Eupatorium odoratum L.; ….);
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kroh-mo-LAY-na — Greek: chroma (color), laina (cloak) … Dave’s Botanary oh-dor-AY-tuh or oh-dor-AH-tuh — fragrant … Dave’s Botanary . commonly known as: common floss flower, Siam weed, triffid weed • Hindi: बाघ धोका bagh dhoka, तीव्र गंधा tivra gandha • Malayalam: കമ്മ്യുണിസ്റ്റ് പച്ച communist pacha . Native to: tropical America; naturalized widely . Differences: …. leaves (of Ageratina) much larger and broader than Chromolaena odorata. The inflorescence is also much different, an erect spreading panicle in Ageratina.
Ageratina: Phyllaries persistent, 8–30 in 2(–3) series, 0- or 2-nerved, lanceolate to linear, ± equal (herbaceous). Florets 10–60; corollas white or lavender, throats obconic to campanulate (lengths 1.5–2 times diams.); styles: bases sometimes enlarged, glabrous, branches linear, seldom distally dilated.
Chromolaena: Phyllaries usually readily falling (at least in fruit), 18–65+ in 4–6+ series, 3–5-nerved, ovate to oblong or lanceolate, unequal (papery or herbaceous), outer shorter. Florets [6–]15–40[–75]; corollas white or purple to blue, lavender, or reddish, throats cylindric (lengths 3–4 times diams.); styles: bases not enlarged, glabrous, branches linear to linear-clavate.
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from …:
Ageratina adenophora ALWAYS occurs in higher altitudes, whereas, Chromolaena odorata is usually found in plains (may be with some exceptions).
A.a. has purplish stems and petioles, while C.o. is generally green throughout. A. adenophora can also be distinguished by its leaves which as triangular (deltoid) in outline with a more or less truncate (straight) base (except subcuneate at petiole). xxxxxxxx .
Chromolaena odorata is a tropical species of flowering shrub in the sunflower family, Asteraceae. It is native to North America, from Florida and Texas to Mexico and the Caribbean,[1] and has been introduced to tropical Asia, west Africa, and parts of Australia.
Common names include Siam Weed, Christmas Bush, Devil Weed, Camfhur Grass and Common Floss Flower.[2]
Chromolaena odorata is a rapidly growing perennial herb. It is a multi-stemmed shrub to 2.5 m tall in open areas. It has soft stems but the base of the shrub is woody. In shady areas it becomes etiolated and behaves as a creeper, growing on other vegetation. It can then become up to 10 m tall. The plant is hairy and glandular and the leaves give off a pungent, aromatic odour when crushed. The leaves are opposite, triangular to elliptical with serrated edges. Leaves are 4–10 cms long by 1–5 cms wide. Leaf petioles are 1–4 cms long. The white to pale pink tubular flowers are in panicles of 10 to 35 flowers that form at the ends of branches. The seeds are achenes and are somewhat hairy. They are mostly spread by the wind, but can also cling to fur, clothes and machinery, enabling long distance dispersal. Seed production is about 80000 to 90000 per plant. Seeds need light to germinate. The plant can regenerate from the roots. In favorable conditions the plant can grow more than 3 cms. a day.[3]
Chromolaena odorata is considered invasive weed of field crops and natural environments in its introduced range.[5] It has been reported to be the most problematic invasive species within protected rainforests in Africa.[6] In Western Africa it prevents regeneration of tree species in areas of shifting cultivation. It affects species diversity in southern Africa. The plants flammability affects forest edges.[7] In Sri Lanka it is a major weed in disturbed areas and coconut plantations.[2] Biological control with a defoliating artiid was started in the 1970s but without success except for Sri Lanka and Guam. In Australia a systematic eradication programme with herbicide has been initiated.[8]
(From Wikipedia on 9.6.13)
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Ageratina adenophora from Tirupati: – Ageratina adenophora has much broader and thicker leaves – You are i think right after checking literature throughly i reached on this conclusion. Chromolaena odorata is a common weed there.
Comparative picture: Chromolaena odorata & Ageratina adenophora:
This post showing comparative pictures of Chromolaena odorata AND Ageratina adenophora. … hopefully will help to reduce any confusion between them. Here are some excerpts from earlier post of …[efi thread]
… it will further help in distinguishing them. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx from …:
…. leaves (of Ageratina) much larger and broader than Chromolaena odorata. The inflorescence is also much different, an erect spreading panicle in Ageratina.
Ageratina: Phyllaries persistent, 8–30 in 2(–3) series, 0- or 2-nerved, lanceolate to linear, ± equal (herbaceous). Florets 10–60; corollas white or lavender, throats obconic to campanulate (lengths 1.5–2 times diams.); styles: bases sometimes enlarged, glabrous, branches linear, seldom distally dilated.
Chromolaena: Phyllaries usually readily falling (at least in fruit), 18–65+ in 4–6+ series, 3–5-nerved, ovate to oblong or lanceolate, unequal (papery or herbaceous), outer shorter. Florets [6–]15–40[–75]; corollas white or purple to blue, lavender, or reddish, throats cylindric (lengths 3–4 times diams.); styles: bases not enlarged, glabrous, branches linear to linear-clavate.
xxxxxxxxxxxx
from …:
Ageratina adenophora ALWAYS occurs in higher altitudes, whereas, Chromolaena odorata is usually found in plains (may be with some exceptions).
A.a. has purplish stems and petioles, while C.o. is generally green throughout. A. adenophora can also be distinguished by its leaves which as triangular (deltoid) in outline with a more or less truncate (straight) base (except subcuneate at petiole). xxxxxxxxxxxxx – I also notice the stigmas of Chromolaena are much longer than in Ageratina. . SUJJEST TO CHECK WEEDS:
I AM FROM MAHARASHTRA. IN OUR AREA ORCHADS OF CASHEW AND MANGO ARE THERE. CLOMORENA ODORATA IS VERY VERY SERIOUS PROBLEM THERE. PLEASE SUGGEST ANY SOLUTION FOR CHEKING WEED OR ANY METHOD FOR UTILIZATION. you can mulch around your trees with leaves and other waste materials like coconut shells etc. This will hamper the growth of weeds like Clomorena odorata. This will also retain moisture and beneficial to soil. It will reduce the water loss from the soil, and improve soil structure. Need for watering is also reduced and soil fertility is improved. Please try. . identification no250412sn1: This looks like the Common Floss Flower [Chromolaena odorata].
Wild Weed for ID : Sri Lanka : 021111 : AK-2: … Can this also be Ageratum species?
Same as the one you identified earlier? Ageratum conyzoides?
Please validate. I hope Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob. Yes Chromolaena odorata of Asteraceae family for me too (Syn: Eupatorium odoratum) Agree with … A common weed here too in Pune . New name again: Yes the weeds are named after the party name as ‘Communist’ or ‘Congress plant’ in areas of Karnataka and also Kerala. Who said there was no humour in this business of plant nomenclature? This is a cute political quote to remember. In Kerala Eupatorium (Now Chromolaena odorata) is generally called ‘Communist pacha’. Pacha means green in Malayalam. I have heard as Parthenium as congress plant I have found those, are they genuine or is someone having fun at our expenses?
efloraindia: Eupatorium for confirmation: Chromolaena odorata Syn: Eupatorium odoratum
Hooghly Today : Eupatorium odoratum L. [Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.]: This is a wild herb found in waste place. “Bengal Plants” describes two species –
I think this is Eupatorium odoratum L. = Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
But, “Bengal Plants” also describes that both the above species are cultivated in Bengal. I wonder how once cultivated species becomes wild in course of time! wonder why did they cultivate it? any ideas? we need botanical historians???? According to wiki it is sometimes grown as medicinal and ornamental plant – http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromolaena_odorata
Pages of Bengal Plants & F. B. I.
Asteraceae Fortnight Part 2-Discoid heads:: Ageratum conyzoides SMP2 : Attachments (1). 3 posts by 3 authors.
Ageratum conyzoides It looks like Chromolaena odorata Yes Chromolaena odorata.
Asteraceae Week (Part II – Discoid heads) :: Chromolaena odorata in Thane :: DV13 : 3 images. 2 posts by 2 authors. Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob.
kroh-mo-LAY-na — Greek: chroma (color), laina (cloak) … Dave’s Botanary
oh-dor-AY-tuh or oh-dor-AH-tuh — fragrant … Dave’s Botanary commonly known as: common floss flower, Siam weed, triffid weed • Hindi: बाघ धोका bagh dhoka, तीव्र गंधा tivra gandha • Malayalam: കമ്മ്യുണിസ്റ്റ് പച്ച communist pacha Native to: tropical America; naturalized widely References: Flowers of India • PIER species info • Wikipedia in and around Thane at various dates Very good photographs.
ASTERACEAE Fortnight Part 2-Discoid heads: Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob. from Kamrup district, Assam_KD_1 : Attachments (5). 2 posts by 2 authors. Attached images are Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
Date :30.04.2013
Location: Kamrup district
Family : Asteraceae
Genus & species : Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
Habitat: Grows wild on roadside
Habit : Shrub
Inflorescence : Discoid head
Asteraceae Fortnight Part 2-Discoid heads : 060613 ARK-04 : Chromolaena odorata from Mumbai – March 2013 : Attachments (2). 3 posts by 2 authors.
Attached are pictures of Chromolaena odorata captured at Mumbai in March 2013
Requested to please confirm ID. Yes …, Chromolaena odorata (L.) King & Robins. for sure
Asteraceae Fortnight Part 2-Discoid heads-Ageratina (NSJ-04) : Attachments (1). 3 posts by 2 authors. Looks more like Chromolaena odorata. I also had mistaken this plant earlier.. Thank you Sir for correcting me.
SYMBIOSIS : 466 : Attachments (1). 1 post by 1 author.
SYMBIOSIS 467 : Attachments (1). 1 post by 1 author.
SYMBIOSIS : 469 : Attachments (1). 1 post by 1 author.
Attaching an image of a Peacock Pansy butterfly on the flowers of Chromolaena odorata.
SYMBIOSIS : 479 : Attachments (1). 1 post by 1 author.
Attaching an image of Red base Jezebel and Red spot Jezebel on the flowers of Chromolaena odorata
SYMBIOSIS : 780 : Attachments (1). 1 post by 1 author.
Attaching an image of a Chocolate Albatross butterfly (male) on the flowers of Chromolaena odorata.
identification no130414sn1 : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (3).
Kindly help in id. Chromolaena odorata? date/time:dec12
location: ambyvalley rd., lonavala, pune
habitat: wild
plant habit: Shrub?
height: 5-7 ft. Seems to be so.
Goa, May 2014 :: Requesting ID of this shrub :: 24JUN14 :: ARK-44 : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (3). Asteraceae
Chromolaena odorata I think Thank you … The name was there at the back of my mind, but refused to come forward 🙂
SYMBIOSIS : 668 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
SYMBIOSIS : 669 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
Attaching an image of a Mottled Emigrant butterfly on the flowers of Chromolaena odorata (FLOSS FLOWER). It is of interest that I have seen at least 15 species of butterfly on a small bush of this plant species.
SYMBIOSIS : 671 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
Attaching an image of an Orange Awlet butterfly on the flowers of Chromolaena odorata. This is the first time I saw this species of butterfly at this place.
SYMBIOSIS : 672 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
Attaching an image of Chromolaena odorata flowers on which there are a Rice Swift and a Common Grass Yellow butterfly.
SYMBIOSIS : 673 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
Attaching an image of a Common Emigrant butterfly on the flowers of Chromolaena odorata.
SYMBIOSIS : 675 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1).
Attaching an image of a Common Crow butterfly on the flowers of Chromolaena odorata. . SYMBIOSIS : 674 : 5 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (1).
Attaching an image of a Painted Jezebel butterfly on the flowers of Chromolaena odorata. i see a koel and your pic labelled as koel You are right … There was a mix up. Attaching the correct image. thanks i saw this in another thread Nice pic. But where is the butterfly? A wrong image was posted. Attaching the correct one
SYMBIOSIS : 688 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1).
Attaching an image of a Dark Palm Dart on the flowers of Chromolaena odorata.
SYMBIOSIS : 690 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
Attaching an image of a Slate Flash butterfly on the flowers of Chromolaena odorata.
SYMBIOSIS : 692 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
Attaching an image of a Common Leopard butterfly on the flowers of Chromolaena odorata.
SYMBIOSIS : 704 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
Attaching an image of a moth on the flowers of Chromolaena odorata. It will be appreciated if some friend can identify the moth species.
Flower for Id-ID05022015SH3 : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (1)
Flowers for Id pl.
Location – Vasai (Maharashtra). Date- 15.12.2013 Habitat –Wild Chromolaena odorata, Asteraceae
SYMBIOSIS : 734 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
SYMBIOSIS SPECIAL ( CHROMOLAENA ODORATA ) : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
Attaching a collage in which 23 species of butterfly visiting flowers of Chromolaena odorata.
Attaching an image of a Blue Pansy butterfly, visiting flowers of Chromolaena odorata. This butterfly is not very common at this place. I saw it only twice in last 10 years.
I have deleted all the conversations in my mail inbox as the storage was full.
Hoping to start as fresh. It is difficult to check all the missed unread mails too which are in thousands
Sorry for not being able to interact much last few months.
Hope to get time to interact again.
It is difficult to find new plants now as I have posted most plants earlier so I have decided to post some plants again which I might have posted earlier.
Hope It is not boring
Sending a photograph of a nasty weed which has invaded in most parts of open areas all over India
Hope the name is correct
Chromolaena odorata
Vetal Tekdi Pune yes the spelling is correct but for a plant that has 43 synonyms, does that matter?
Its native to southern states of north america (fl, tx, ) and country : mexico per wiki and is among 100 most noxious weeds of the world , displacing native plants and yet is popularly known by many as siam weed… as if blaming siam for its origin… injustice in naming… anyway one of the papers (abstract) only suggests that this is harmful because soil ph is reduced and available phosphorus in soil decreased. and is a fire hazard killing off plantations this last link is a well written essay on its problem. thanks for getting me to read up on this.
i am searching any ethnobotanical uses that may have been discovered by villagers the world over, since no lifie form without some redeeming feature … if anybody knows or hears of them among our members it would be very welcome
Wild Plant for ID : Nasik : 120116 : AK-1 : 01/01 : 3 posts by 2 authors.
Wild plant with tiny flowers seen on 26th Dec,15.
Is this Chromolaena odorata as per the following link in FOI?
FOI Chromolaena odorata, Asteraceae
Plant For ID : Bangalore : 31JAN17 : AK-24 : 5 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (1)
Seen in the first week of Jan, near a lake. … looks like Eupatorium odoratum
Asteraceae Fortnight Part 2-Discoid heads – Cyanthillium cinereum (NSJ-05) : Attachments (3). 1 post by 1 author.
Cyanthillium cinereum (ash fleabane) from Satara Does not matches with images at Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H.Rob. Appears close to images at Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob. Yes It looks like Chromolaena odorata; while posting an image please add some information like habit, leaf size, shape, etc., then only it is possible for any one to identify the plant correctly.
SK543 06 JUN-2017:ID : 6 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (9)
Location: Relli River,Kalimpong, India
Date: 24 May 2017
Altitude: 2000 ft.
Ageratum conyzoides L. ???
Eupatorium odoratum Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. King & H. Rob. ???
Eupatorium odoratum L. ( Syn )
Nepali Name : औले बनमारा Aule Banamaaraa / बनमासुवा Banamaasuwaa
SK804 16 OCT-2017:ID : 11 posts by 5 authors. Attachments (8)
Location: Dolakha, Nepal
Date : 5 September, 2017
Elevation : 5600 ft.
Nice images. Any idea about the family? Thank you …! No idea sir !
Quite interesting… can this be from Asteraceae..?? Check Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
Check Chromolaena…
Sorry ! I did not get it matched !
I also think matches with images at Chromolaena odorata Thank you …!
Fwd: SYMBIOSIS : 1061 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
Attaching a collage of Blue Tiger visiting flowers of Chromolaena odorata.
Fwd: SYMBIOSIS : 1062 : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (1)
Attaching a collage of Striped Albatross (male), visiting flowers of Chrolaena odorata.
Crimson Tip (Colotis danae) on Chromolaena odorata (Common floss flower) – efloraofindia | Google Groups
Asteraceae Week Part I-Radiate heads:: Ageratum conyzoides Pune SMP 29 : 1 image. 1 post by 1 author. 130719AB2 ID : 5 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (2)
Identification, please. Unfortunately, no flower related information available.
Date/Time- November 8, 2017; 09:41 hrs. Location- Place, Altitude, GPS- Eastern Melghat Habitat- Garden/ Urban/ Wild/ Type- Wild Plant Habit- Tree/ Shrub/ Climber/ Herb- Herb Height/Length- 2′ Elevation- 700m Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob. ??
Syn : Eupatorium odoratum L.
Yes, … is correct. . FLOWER PREFERENCE OF BUTTERFLY ( STRIPED TIGER ) : AN OBSERVATION : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (2)
There days Chromolaena odorata in bloom. And many species of butterflies, moths and wasps a having a great time. I have recorded some 50 species of butterflies visiting this flowers. This includes Striped Tiger also. But other day I observed a Striped Tiger was visiting only the flowers of a Sida species which was next to Chromolaena odorata plants. I observed it for sometime but it never visited flowers of Chromolaena odorata, where all other species were visiting. May be butterflies have their preference. I am not a botanist or an entomologist. Only expert can comment. . Wild Plant for ID : Bangalore : 05SEP20 : AK-04 : 8 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (2)
Plant is seen growing wild today. No flowers.
Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob. A very common weed in my place found all around the open field. . Related to Ageratum sp. ??
. Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. King & H. Rob.: 7 very high res. images. Location: Pharping, Kathmandu, Nepal
Altitude: 1593m.
Date: 20 December 2022
Habit : Wild The plant is a weed. Plenty around my house (wasteland). Yes, appears close to images at . Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob. :: Waghbil, Thane :: Dec 15, 2007 · JUN23 DV305: 2 images. Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
Waghbil, Thane :: Dec 15, 2007 · 3:44 PM IST :: about 3 m (10 ft) asl
Very common weed here and hundreds of plants start growing after rains. Yes, a very tough invasive plant in scrub forests. It has escaped into many forests too. . Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob. :: Waghbil, Thane :: Jan 6, 2007 · JUN23 DV371: 1 image. Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
Waghbil, Thane :: Jan 6, 2007 · 3:03 PM IST :: about 3 m (10 ft) asl
Many thanks to Radha Veach for validating the ID at iNaturalist .
Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.: 2 high res. images.
Location: Taplejung, East Nepal
Habit : Wild Images sent by Mr. Sajan Subedi ! . References:
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