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India (Wild in subhimalayan regions, cultivated throughout), Bangladesh, China, Indochina, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka. Introduced and cultivated elsewhere as per Synopsis of the Genus Ficus L. (Moraceae) in India Lal Babu Chaudhary*, Jana Venkata Sudhakar, Anoop Kumar, Omesh Bajpai, Rinkey Tiwari and G. V. S. Murthy-   Taiwania, 57(2): 193-216, 2012;
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Images by tspkumar

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FY-kus or FIK-us — from Latin for Ficus carica, an edible fig … Dave’s Botanary
re-lij-ee-OH-suh — sacred … Dave’s Botanary 
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commonly known asholy fig treepeepulsacred fig tree • Assameseআঁহত ahotপিপ্পল pippol • Bengaliঅশ্বত্থ asbattha • Gujaratiઅશ્વત્થ asvatthaપીપળો piplo • Hindi:अस्वत्थ aswatthaपीपल pipal • Kannadaಅರಳಿಮರ aralimaraಅಶ್ವತ್ಥಮರ asvatthamara • Kashmiriपिपल् pipal • Konkaniअश्वता रूकू ashvata rukuपिंपळ pimpal • Malayalam:അരയാൽ arayalപിപ്പലം pippalam • Manipuriসনা খোঙনাঙ sana khongnang • Marathiअश्वत्थ ashwatthaपिंपळ pimpala • Mizohmâwng • Nepaliपिपल pipal • Oriyaଓସ୍ତ osta • Paliअस्सत्थ assattha • Punjabiਪਿੱਪਲ pippal • Sanskritअश्वत्थ ashvatthaपिप्पल pippala • Tamilஅரசமரம் araca-maramபிப்பலம் pippalam • Teluguపిప్పలము pippalamuరాగిచెట్టు ragichettu • Tibetana sba dtha • Tuluಅತ್ತಸಮರ attasamara • Urduپيپل pipal 
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and more names, most of them derived from Sanskritpoplar leaved fig tree • Assameseঅশ্বত্থ ossotthoক্ষীৰদ্ৰুম khirdrumশুচিদ্ৰুম xusidrum • Hindiचलदल chal-dal,कृष्णवास krishnavasमातंग matangनागबन्धु nag-bandhuपादचत्वर pada-chatvarप्लक्ष plakshaप्लीहा pliha • Marathiदेवतरू devataruमुंज्या munjya • Oriyaବୃକ୍ଷାଦନ brukshadana,ଚଳଦଳ chaladalaଚଳପତ୍ର chalapatraଦେବାତ୍ମା debatmaଗଜଭକ୍ଷକ gajabjakshakaଗ୍ରାମଚୈତ୍ଯ gramachaityaଗୁହ୍ଯପୁଷ୍ପ guhyapushpaହରିବାସ haribasaୟାଜ୍ଞିକ jajnikaପବିତ୍ରକ pabitrakaପ୍ଳକ୍ଷ plakshaସେବ୍ଯ sebyaଶୁଭଦ shubhda • Sanskritअच्युतवास achyutavasaभगवद्द्रुम bhagavaddrumaचलदल chaladalaदेवभवन devabhavanaदेवात्मन् devatmanदेवावास devavasa,धनुर्वृक्ष dhanurvrksaद्विरदाशन dviradashanaगजभक्षक gajabhakshakaगुह्यपत्त्र guhyapattraगुह्यपुष्प guhyapushpaहरिवास harivasaहयमारण hayamaranaकपीतन kapitanaकरिभ karibhaकर्मज karmajaकेशवालय keshavalayaक्षीरद्रुम kshiradrumaकुञ्जराशन kunjarashanaमङ्गल्य mangalyaमहाद्रुम mahadrumaमातङ्ग matangaनागबन्धु nagabandhuनन्द्यावर्त nandyavartaपादचतुर padachaturaपादचत्वर padachatvaraपवित्रक pavitrakaप्लक्ष plakshaप्लीहारि plihariसेव्य sevyaशमीगर्भ shamigarbhaसिरापत्त्र sirapattraश्रीमत् shrimatश्रीवृक्ष shrivrkshaशुभद shubhadaशुचिद्रुम shuchidrumaश्यामल shyamalaतारायण tarayanaतत्पद tatpadaवादरङ्ग vadarangaवनस्था vanasthaविप्र vipra • Tamilஅசாகம் acakam,ஆச்சுவரி accuvariஅச்சுவத்தம் accuvattamஆசுணம் acunamஆள் alஆள்வணங்கி alvanankiஆராகவரியம் arakavariyamஆடலை atalaiஅத்திரா attira,அத்துகமானி attukamaniசலதளம் cala-talamசயிக்கர் cayikkarசித்திரரேகை cittira-rekaiசுசித்துருமம் cucitturumamசுபதம் cupatamசுவலை cuvalai,இலணை ilanaiகசாசனம் kacacanamகணவம் kanavamகருமசம் karuma-camகெசந்தாதி kecantatiகெச்சம் keccamகுஞ்சராசனம் kuncaracanam,மகாதுருமம் maka-turumamமலிசம் malicamமண்ணிலவேந்தன் mannila-ventanமராமரம் mara-maramமாதங்கம் matankamநாகபந்து naka-pantu,பனசயித்தி panacayittiபணை panaiபாதசத்துவரம் pata-cattuvaramபாதரோகணம் pata-rokanamதணவம் tanavamதேவாவாசம் tevavacam,தேவாத்துமா tevattumaதிண்டி tintiதிருமரம் tiru-maramதுடை tutaiவாணகந்தி vanakantiவாதரங்கம் vatarankamவிருக்கபாகம் virukka-pakam,விருட்சநாதம் virutca-natamவிருட்சராசன் virutca-racan • Teluguఅశ్వత్థము asvatthamuమంగళ్యము mangalyamu 
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There are two key features in the leaves to distinguish: Leaf base is cordate and tail at tip shorter than 2.5 cm in F. arnottiana. In F. religiosa the leaf base is rounded to slightly cuneate and tail at tip much longer, usually longer than 3 cm and contributing about one third of leaf length. The leaves may be undulate and variously thick in both, depending on age.
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F. rumphii is similar to F. religiosa in leaf base being truncate or rounded, although tail is 1.5-2.5 cm long like F. arnottiana.
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Another interesting feature worth comparison is that C. religiosa has three basal veins (one midrib, two lateral), F. rumphii has 5 and R. arnottiana 7, in both latter lowermost pair is very faint.
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Trunk of F. religiosa is darker with reddish brown with scales peeling off where as F. rumphii is much brighter with grey or whitish colour and most often comparatively smoother.
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Figs Of Bangalore – RA – Ficus religiosa – Peepal Tree:
Peepal is unrivalled for its antiquity and religious significance. No other tree is claimed to have such long life – one in Sri Lanka, said to have been planted in the year 288 B.C., still lives and flourishes.
The Prince Siddhartha is known to have sat in meditation under a Bo tree and there found enlightenment from which time he became known as the Buddha. So, from then on the tree was sacred to Buddhists. Hindus associate the tree with the three gods Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva, Vishnu being reputed to have been born under a Peepul, which is therefore Vishnu himself in the form of a tree.
A grand peepal tree is a perfect shade tree, and village meetings are often conducted under a peepal tree. 
It is a large deciduous tree with a pale stem often appearing fluted on account of the numerous roots which have fused with the stem. Leaves leathery 4-8 inches long by 3-5 inches wide, somewhat egg-shaped or rounded, tailed at the tip and heart-shaped at the base, or sometimes rounded. The young leaves are frequently pink, change to copper and finally to green. Flowers minute within the receptacle. Fruit is a fig.
Reference: Flowers of India

 


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FICUS RELIGIOSA LEAVES:
NEW LEAVES OF PIPAL TREE PHOTOGRAPHED TODAY IN BANDHAVGARH.



https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-BjiXR8gNblg/T5rYSLbSdyI/AAAAAAAADyY/MTyrc2ox1JM/s1600/PEEPAL%2B%2528Ficus%2Breligiosa%2529%2Bon%2BNEEM%2B%2528Azadirachta%2Bindica%2529%2B04.jpghttps://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-AKL9N2ofVyw/T5rYHA9RekI/AAAAAAAADyY/T5hyM1KZRPc/s1600/DSCN0292.jpghttps://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-Kxb_EnKWPrw/T5rYIFWBBWI/AAAAAAAADyY/Z2U__7_x5Q0/s1600/DSCN0295.jpghttps://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-gW0Yo0-C0rY/T5rYKrpGynI/AAAAAAAADyY/TcDfRBmAMwc/s1600/PEEPAL%2B%2528Ficus%2Breligiosa%2529%2Bon%2BNEEM%2B%2528Azadirachta%2Bindica%2529%2B01.jpghttps://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-V8AxwZ_p6Zg/T5rYN1FpuNI/AAAAAAAADyY/V5jLQ79D0i0/s1600/PEEPAL%2B%2528Ficus%2Breligiosa%2529%2Bon%2BNEEM%2B%2528Azadirachta%2Bindica%2529%2B02.jpghttps://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-3s9bEBDhB-g/T5rYODXE03I/AAAAAAAADyY/w0T73UShEC8/s1600/PEEPAL%2B%2528Ficus%2Breligiosa%2529%2Bon%2BNEEM%2B%2528Azadirachta%2Bindica%2529%2B03.jpg

flora harmony to UshaDi from Hooghly:

Your beautiful comment in the HARITAKI post moved me and i think this is the right time i share these photo with my beloved friends here. This is a ASHATHWA tree growing on a NEEM tree! But i do not know which NEEM is this one. Is it Melia azedarach? I have only the leaf image to identify this NEEM tree.
Species : 1) Ficus religiosa 2) Melia azedarach ?
Habit & Habitat : tree, on railway station
Date : 28-02-2012 (tree) & 12-03-2012 (neem leaf)
Place : Kamarkundu Stn. (Hooghly), WB

The trees living in harmony, may be even interdependence … I call thes etrees married trees, .. for lack of anything more appropriate…
they live and sometimes die together.. but while alive they seem to support each other.. following hurricane Aila, KolBotG lost a couple of these married trees, they toppled over together …
(( this interdependece and living in harmony is quite different from the relationship of the strangler fig to its host… ))


I absolutely agree with you, yes, you have got the right word – married couple. Many thanks for pointing out the differences between the strangler and the married ones. The term ‘married’ itself explains it all.


Some people/passengers stood nearby and watched my action there. Some of them said that it was GHORA-NEEM. In my “Plan Groups” book i found that the scientific name given for the GHORANIM is Melia azedarach. That is the story behind my PAKAMO 🙂



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Ink Illustration : Ficus religiosa:
Would like to share ink illustration of Ficus religiosa.


Yes, Great work … Nice illustration of Ficus religiosa.



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Tree for ID 110913PK03 :  Attachments (1). 3 posts by 3 authors.
Help with the ID please. Clicked at Bangalore.

This looks like Pipal [Ficus religiosa].


The common Ficus religiosa to me.


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Fig Tree : 3 posts by 2 authors.
Thank you for accepting me to this group. It is often said that there is a great importance of the Fig Tree for understanding the health of any forest. Also as a social tree this has great importance. Prince Siddhartha had achieved his Nirvana under the Fig Tree and had become Gautama Buddha.
Can we please put together a strong document on the Fig Tree and her importance in Mother Earth, and help to promote the same for Buddha Jayanti, 14th May, 2014. Even if the group is not interested as a whole, but expert members who may volunteer to help with the same, I shall certainly be able to promote the same among the Buddhist Communities of Northeast, mainly the children and village folks.


This will be a great opportunity to receive details about fig tree, specially the good contributions, and promote the plantation of the same among Buddhist communities. Also, start with a demand to declare the same as ‘The Tree of Happiness”.



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2015april_sk31/31 : Ficus religiosa L. : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (2)
This is not fruiting time to this tree too.


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Names of Plants in India :: Ficus religiosa L. : 5 posts by 4 authors. 1 image.

via Species » F » Ficus religiosa L. … family: Moraceae
Flowers of India Discussions at efloraofindia more views in flickr more views on Google Earth
FY-kus or FIK-us — from Latin for Ficus carica, an edible fig … Dave’s Botanary
re-lij-ee-OH-suh — sacred … Dave’s Botanary 
commonly known asholy fig treepeepulsacred fig tree • Assameseআঁহত ahotপিপ্পল pippol • Bengaliঅশ্বত্থ asbattha • Gujaratiઅશ્વત્થ asvatthaપીપળો piplo • Hindi:अस्वत्थ aswatthaपीपल pipal • Kannadaಅರಳಿಮರ aralimaraಅಶ್ವತ್ಥಮರ asvatthamara • Kashmiriपिपल् pipal • Konkaniअश्वता रूकू ashvata rukuपिंपळ pimpal • Malayalam:അരയാൽ arayalപിപ്പലം pippalam • Manipuriসনা খোঙনাঙ sana khongnang • Marathiअश्वत्थ ashwatthaपिंपळ pimpala • Mizohmâwng • Nepaliपिपल pipal • Oriyaଓସ୍ତ osta • Paliअस्सत्थ assattha • Punjabiਪਿੱਪਲ pippal • Sanskritअश्वत्थ ashvatthaपिप्पल pippala • Tamilஅரசமரம் araca-maramபிப்பலம் pippalam • Teluguపిప్పలము pippalamuరాగిచెట్టు ragichettu • Tibetana sba dtha • Tuluಅತ್ತಸಮರ attasamara • Urduپيپل pipal 
and more names, most of them derived from Sanskritpoplar leaved fig tree • Assameseঅশ্বত্থ ossotthoক্ষীৰদ্ৰুম khirdrumশুচিদ্ৰুম xusidrum • Hindiचलदल chal-dal,कृष्णवास krishnavasमातंग matangनागबन्धु nag-bandhuपादचत्वर pada-chatvarप्लक्ष plakshaप्लीहा pliha • Marathiदेवतरू devataruमुंज्या munjya • Oriyaବୃକ୍ଷାଦନ brukshadana,ଚଳଦଳ chaladalaଚଳପତ୍ର chalapatraଦେବାତ୍ମା debatmaଗଜଭକ୍ଷକ gajabjakshakaଗ୍ରାମଚୈତ୍ଯ gramachaityaଗୁହ୍ଯପୁଷ୍ପ guhyapushpaହରିବାସ haribasaୟାଜ୍ଞିକ jajnikaପବିତ୍ରକ pabitrakaପ୍ଳକ୍ଷ plakshaସେବ୍ଯ sebyaଶୁଭଦ shubhda • Sanskritअच्युतवास achyutavasaभगवद्द्रुम bhagavaddrumaचलदल chaladalaदेवभवन devabhavanaदेवात्मन् devatmanदेवावास devavasa,धनुर्वृक्ष dhanurvrksaद्विरदाशन dviradashanaगजभक्षक gajabhakshakaगुह्यपत्त्र guhyapattraगुह्यपुष्प guhyapushpaहरिवास harivasaहयमारण hayamaranaकपीतन kapitanaकरिभ karibhaकर्मज karmajaकेशवालय keshavalayaक्षीरद्रुम kshiradrumaकुञ्जराशन kunjarashanaमङ्गल्य mangalyaमहाद्रुम mahadrumaमातङ्ग matangaनागबन्धु nagabandhuनन्द्यावर्त nandyavartaपादचतुर padachaturaपादचत्वर padachatvaraपवित्रक pavitrakaप्लक्ष plakshaप्लीहारि plihariसेव्य sevyaशमीगर्भ shamigarbhaसिरापत्त्र sirapattraश्रीमत् shrimatश्रीवृक्ष shrivrkshaशुभद shubhadaशुचिद्रुम shuchidrumaश्यामल shyamalaतारायण tarayanaतत्पद tatpadaवादरङ्ग vadarangaवनस्था vanasthaविप्र vipra • Tamilஅசாகம் acakam,ஆச்சுவரி accuvariஅச்சுவத்தம் accuvattamஆசுணம் acunamஆள் alஆள்வணங்கி alvanankiஆராகவரியம் arakavariyamஆடலை atalaiஅத்திரா attira,அத்துகமானி attukamaniசலதளம் cala-talamசயிக்கர் cayikkarசித்திரரேகை cittira-rekaiசுசித்துருமம் cucitturumamசுபதம் cupatamசுவலை cuvalai,இலணை ilanaiகசாசனம் kacacanamகணவம் kanavamகருமசம் karuma-camகெசந்தாதி kecantatiகெச்சம் keccamகுஞ்சராசனம் kuncaracanam,மகாதுருமம் maka-turumamமலிசம் malicamமண்ணிலவேந்தன் mannila-ventanமராமரம் mara-maramமாதங்கம் matankamநாகபந்து naka-pantu,பனசயித்தி panacayittiபணை panaiபாதசத்துவரம் pata-cattuvaramபாதரோகணம் pata-rokanamதணவம் tanavamதேவாவாசம் tevavacam,தேவாத்துமா tevattumaதிண்டி tintiதிருமரம் tiru-maramதுடை tutaiவாணகந்தி vanakantiவாதரங்கம் vatarankamவிருக்கபாகம் virukka-pakam,விருட்சநாதம் virutca-natamவிருட்சராசன் virutca-racan • Teluguఅశ్వత్థము asvatthamuమంగళ్యము mangalyamu 
The Bodhi Tree
The Bodhi Tree … was a large and very old sacred fig tree located in Bodh Gaya, India, under which Siddhartha Gautama, the spiritual teacher later known as Gautama Buddha, is said to have attained enlightenment, or Bodhi. … The term “Bodhi Tree” is also widely applied to currently existing trees, particularly the Sacred Fig growing at the Mahabodhi Temple in Bodh Gaya, which is a direct descendant planted in 288 BC from the original specimen. … Wikipedia
… also Wisdom Tree, OR tree of wisdom (literal translation) … Spoken Sanskrit
… in various languages » Bengaliবোধিবৃক্ষ bodhibrksa • Gujaratiબોધિવૃક્ષ bodhivrksa • Hindiबोधि वृक्ष bodhi vrksa • Kannadaಬೋಧಿ ವೃಕ್ಷ bodhi vrksa • Marathi:बोधिवृक्ष bodhivrksh • Oriyaବୋଧି bodhi • Paliबोधि bodhi • Punjabiਬੋਧੀ ਰੁੱਖ bodhi rukha • Sanskritबोधितरु bodhitaru • Tamilபோதி poti • Teluguబోధిద్రుమము bodhi-drumamu
botanical namesFicus religiosa L. … synonymsUrostigma religiosum (L.) Gasp. … and more at The Plants List (2013). Version 1.1.
Peepal is the State Tree of three states of India — BiharHaryana, and Orissa … (peepal, Hindi: पीपल • ashwattha, Oriya: ଅଶ୍ୱତ୍ଥ)

Great. nice compilation of names. exhaustive work. greatly appreciated now and forever


FY-kus or FIK-us — from Latin for Ficus carica, an edible fig … Dave’s Botanary
re-lij-ee-OH-suh — sacred … Dave’s Botanary

commonly known asBodhi tree, holy fig tree, peepul, poplar-leaved fig tree, sacred fig tree, tree of wisdom • Adi: siirot • Assamese: আঁহত ahot, ক্ষীৰদ্ৰুম khirdrum, অশ্বত্থ ossottho, পিপ্পল pippol, শুচিদ্ৰুম xusidrum • Bengali: অশ্বত্থ asbattha, বোধিবৃক্ষ bodhibrksa, পিপল pipal • Bodo: फाख्रि बिफां phakhri bephang • Gujarati: અશ્વત્થ asvattha, બોધિવૃક્ષ bodhivrksa, પીપળો piplo • Hajong: khudi bor • Hindi: अस्वत्थ aswattha, बोधि वृक्ष bodhi vrksa, कृष्णवास krishnavas, मातंग matang, नागबन्धु nag-bandhu, पादचत्वर pada-chatvar, पीपल pipal, प्लक्ष plaksha, प्लीहा pliha • Kannada: ಅರಳಿಮರ aralimara, ಅಶ್ವತ್ಥಮರ asvatthamara, ಬೋಧಿ ವೃಕ್ಷ bodhi vrksa, ಬ್ರಹ್ಮದಾರು brahmadaru • Kashmiri: पिपल् pipal • Konkani: अश्वता रूकू ashvata ruku, पिंपळ pimpal • Malayalam: അരയാൽ arayal, പിപ്പലം pippalam • Manipuri: সনা খোঙনাঙ ꯁꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥꯡ sana khongnang • Marathi: अश्वत्थ ashwattha, बोधिवृक्ष bodhivrksh, देवतरू devataru, मुंज्या munjya, पिंपळ pimpala • Mizo: hmâwng • Nepali: पिपल pipal • Nyishi: sirek sin, tabeari • Odia: ଅଶ୍ୱତ୍ଥ ashwattha, ବୋଧି bodhi, ବୃକ୍ଷାଦନ brukshadana, ଚଳଦଳ chaladala, ଚଳପତ୍ର chalapatra, ଦେବାତ୍ମା debatma, ଗଜଭକ୍ଷକ gajabjakshaka, ଗ୍ରାମଚୈତ୍ୟ gramachaitya, ଗୁହ୍ୟପୁଷ୍ପ guhyapushpa, ହରିବାସ haribasa, ଯାଜ୍ଞିକ jajnika, ଓସ୍ତ osta, ପବିତ୍ରକ pabitraka, ପ୍ଳକ୍ଷ plaksha, ସେବ୍ୟ sebya, ଶୁଭଦ shubhda • Pali: अस्सत्थ assattha, बोधि bodhi • Punjabi: ਬੋਧੀ ਰੁੱਖ bodhi rukha, ਪਿੱਪਲ pippal • Rajasthani: पीपल pipal • Sanskrit: अच्युतवास achyutavasa, अश्वत्थ ashvattha, भगवद्द्रुम bhagavaddruma, बोधितरु bodhitaru, चलदल chaladala, देवभवन devabhavana, देवात्मन् devatman, देवावास devavasa, धनुर्वृक्ष dhanurvrksa, द्विरदाशन dviradashana, गजभक्षक gajabhakshaka, गुह्यपत्त्र guhyapattra, गुह्यपुष्प guhyapushpa, हरिवास harivasa, हयमारण hayamarana, कपीतन kapitana, करिभ karibha, कर्मज karmaja, केशवालय keshavalaya, क्षीरद्रुम kshiradruma, कुञ्जराशन kunjarashana, मङ्गल्य mangalya, महाद्रुम mahadruma, मातङ्ग matanga, नागबन्धु nagabandhu, नन्द्यावर्त nandyavarta, पादचतुर padachatura, पादचत्वर padachatvara, पवित्रक pavitraka, पिप्पल pippala, प्लक्ष plaksha, प्लीहारि plihari, सेव्य sevya, शमीगर्भ shamigarbha, सिरापत्त्र sirapattra, श्रीमत् shrimat, श्रीवृक्ष shrivrksha, शुभद shubhada, शुचिद्रुम shucidruma, श्यामल shyamala, तारायण tarayana, तत्पद tatpada, वादरङ्ग vadaranga, वनस्था vanastha, विप्र vipra • Tamil: அசாகம் acakam, ஆச்சுவரி accuvari, அச்சுவத்தம் accuvattam, ஆசுணம் acunam, ஆள் al, ஆள்வணங்கி alvananki, அரசமரம் araca-maram, ஆராகவரியம் arakavariyam, ஆடலை atalai, அத்திரா attira, அத்துகமானி attukamani, சலதளம் cala-talam, சயிக்கர் cayikkar, சித்திரரேகை cittira-rekai, சுசித்துருமம் cucitturumam, சுபதம் cupatam, சுவலை cuvalai, இலணை ilanai, கசாசனம் kacacanam, கணவம் kanavam, கருமசம் karuma-cam, கெசந்தாதி kecantati, கெச்சம் keccam, குஞ்சராசனம் kuncaracanam, மகாதுருமம் maka-turumam, மலிசம் malicam, மண்ணிலவேந்தன் mannila-ventan, மராமரம் mara-maram, மாதங்கம் matankam, நாகபந்து naka-pantu, பனசயித்தி panacayitti, பணை panai, பாதசத்துவரம் pata-cattuvaram, பாதரோகணம் pata-rokanam, பிப்பலம் pippalam, போதி poti, தணவம் tanavam, தேவாவாசம் tevavacam, தேவாத்துமா tevattuma, திண்டி tinti, திருமரம் tiru-maram, துடை tutai, வாணகந்தி vanakanti, வாதரங்கம் vatarankam, விருக்கபாகம் virukka-pakam, விருட்சநாதம் virutca-natam, விருட்சராசன் virutca-racan • Telugu: అశ్వత్థము asvatthamu, బోధి bodhi, చలదళము chaladalamu, మంగళ్యము mangalyamu, పిప్పలము pippalamu, రాగిచెట్టు ragichettu • Tibetan: བོ་དེ་ཙ bo-de-tsa, ཚོས tshos • Tulu: ಅತ್ತಸಮರ attasamara • Urdu: اسوتهہ aswattha, پيپل pipal, ماتنگ matang, پلکش plaksha, پليہا pliha

botanical namesFicus religiosa L. … homotypic synonymsUrostigma religiosum (L.) Gasp. … heterotypic synonymsFicus caudata Stokes • Ficus peepul Griff. • Ficus rhynchophylla Steud. • Ficus superstitiosa Link • Urostigma affine Miq. … POWO

Bibliography / etymology

~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~

Bodhi tree
  • Wikipedia – The Free Encyclopedia … The Bodhi tree (tree of awakening) … was a large and very old sacred fig tree located in Bodh Gaya, India, under which Siddhartha Gautama, the spiritual teacher later known as Gautama Buddha, is said to have attained enlightenment, or Bodhi. … The term “Bodhi Tree” is also widely applied to currently existing trees, particularly the Sacred Fig growing at the Mahabodhi Temple in Bodh Gaya, which is a direct descendant planted in 288 BC from the original specimen.
holy fig tree
peepul
  • FRLHT’s ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants
  • derived from Sanskrit, this name is popular in almost all languages of India; various spelling variants: peepalpipalpipul
poplar-leaved fig tree
sacred fig tree
tree of wisdom
  • the literal translation of Bodhi tree … Wisdom Tree
~~~~~ ADI (Arunachal Pradesh) ~~~~~
siirot
~~~~~ ASSAMESE ~~~~~
আঁহত ahot (or আঁহত গছ ahot gos), ক্ষীৰদ্ৰুম khirdrum, অশ্বত্থ ossottho, পিপ্পল pippol, শুচিদ্ৰুম xusidrum
  • XOBDO – A descriptive multilingual dictionary by the people, for the people and of the people of north-east India
~~~~~ BENGALI ~~~~~
অশ্বত্থ asbattha, পিপল pipal
বোধিবৃক্ষ bodhibrksa
~~~~~ BODO ~~~~~
फाख्रि बिफां phakhri bephang
  • XOBDO – A descriptive multilingual dictionary by the people, for the people and of the people of north-east India
~~~~~ GUJARATI ~~~~~
અશ્વત્થ asvattha
બોધિવૃક્ષ bodhivrksa
પીપળો piplo
~~~~~ HAJONG (Assam) ~~~~~
khudi bor
~~~~~ HINDI ~~~~~
अस्वत्थ aswattha, पीपल pipal (also पिप्पल pippal), कृष्णवास krishnavas, मातंग matang, नागबन्धु nag-bandhu, पादचत्वर pada-chatvar, प्लक्ष plaksha, प्लीहा pliha
बोधि वृक्ष bodhi vrksa
~~~~~ KANNADA ~~~~~
ಅರಳಿಮರ aralimara, ಅಶ್ವತ್ಥಮರ asvatthamara
ಬೋಧಿ ವೃಕ್ಷ bodhi vrksa
ಬ್ರಹ್ಮದಾರು brahmadaru
  • Alar – an authoritative Kannada-English dictionary corpus created by V. Krishna
~~~~~ KASHMIRI ~~~~~
पिपल् pipal
~~~~~ KONKANI ~~~~~
अश्वता रूकू ashvata ruku
पिंपळ pimpal
  • my mother tongue
~~~~~ MALAYALAM ~~~~~
അരയാൽ arayal
പിപ്പലം pippalam
~~~~~ MANIPURI ~~~~~
সনা খোঙনাঙ ꯁꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥꯡ sana khongnang
~~~~~ MARATHI ~~~~~
अश्वत्थ ashwattha
बोधिवृक्ष bodhivrksh
देवतरू devataru
मुंज्या munjya
पिंपळ pimpala
~~~~~ MIZO ~~~~~
hmâwng
~~~~~ NEPALI ~~~~~
पिपल pipal
~~~~~ NYISHI (Arunachal Pradesh) ~~~~~
sirek sin, tabeari
~~~~~ ODIA ~~~~~
ଅଶ୍ୱତ୍ଥ ashwattha, ବୋଧି bodhi, ବୃକ୍ଷାଦନ brukshadana, ଚଳଦଳ chaladala, ଚଳପତ୍ର chalapatra, ଦେବାତ୍ମା debatma, ଗଜଭକ୍ଷକ gajabjakshaka, ଗ୍ରାମଚୈତ୍ୟ gramachaitya, ଗୁହ୍ୟପୁଷ୍ପ guhyapushpa, ହରିବାସ haribasa, ଯାଜ୍ଞିକ jajnika, ଓସ୍ତ osta, ପବିତ୍ରକ pabitraka, ପ୍ଳକ୍ଷ plaksha, ସେବ୍ୟ sebya, ଶୁଭଦ shubhda
~~~~~ PALI ~~~~~
अस्सत्थ assattha, बोधि bodhi (also बोधिपादप bodhipadapa, बोधिरुक्ख bodhirukkha)
~~~~~ PUNJABI ~~~~~
ਬੋਧੀ ਰੁੱਖ bodhi rukha
ਪਿੱਪਲ pippal
~~~~~ RAJASTHANI ~~~~~
पीपल pipal
~~~~~ SANSKRIT ~~~~~
अच्युतवास achyutavasa, अश्वत्थ ashvattha, भगवद्द्रुम bhagavaddruma, चलदल chaladala, देवभवन devabhavana, देवात्मन् devatman, देवावास devavasa, धनुर्वृक्ष dhanurvrksa, द्विरदाशन dviradashana, गजभक्षक gajabhakshaka, गुह्यपत्त्र guhyapattra, हरिवास harivasa, हयमारण hayamarana, कपीतन kapitana, करिभ karibha, कर्मज karmaja, केशवालय keshavalaya, क्षीरद्रुम kshiradruma, कुञ्जराशन kunjarashana, मङ्गल्य mangalya, महाद्रुम mahadruma, मातङ्ग matanga, नागबन्धु nagabandhu, नन्द्यावर्त nandyavarta, पादचतुर padachatura, पादचत्वर padachatvara, पवित्रक pavitraka, पिप्पल pippala, प्लक्ष plaksha, प्लीहारि plihari, सेव्य sevya, शमीगर्भ shamigarbha, सिरापत्त्र sirapattra, श्रीमत् shrimat, श्रीवृक्ष shrivrksha, शुभद shubhada, शुचिद्रुम shuchidruma, श्यामल shyamala, तारायण tarayana, तत्पद tatpada, वादरङ्ग vadaranga (or वातरङ्ग vataranga), वनस्था vanastha, विप्र vipra
  • Learn Sanskrit – पठत संस्कृतम् – शब्दकोशः
गुह्यपुष्प guhyapushpa
~~~~~ SANTALI ~~~~~
ᱦᱮᱸᱥᱟᱜ hesak, ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ pipol
Many thanks to Prasanta Hembram for help with these names … efloraofindia

~~~~~ SINDHI ~~~~~
پِپِرُ pipiru

~~~~~ TAMIL ~~~~~

அசாகம் acakam, ஆச்சுவரி accuvari, அச்சுவத்தம் accuvattam, ஆசுணம் acunam, ஆள் al, ஆள்வணங்கி alvananki, அரசமரம் araca-maram (also அரசானம் aracanam, அரசு aracu), ஆராகவரியம் arakavariyam, ஆடலை atalai, அத்திரா attira, அத்துகமானி attukamani, சலதளம் cala-talam, சயிக்கர் cayikkar, சித்திரரேகை cittira-rekai, சுசித்துருமம் cucitturumam, சுபதம் cupatam, சுவலை cuvalai, இலணை ilanai, கசாசனம் kacacanam, கணவம் kanavam, கருமசம் karuma-cam, கெசந்தாதி kecantati, கெச்சம் keccam, குஞ்சராசனம் kuncaracanam, மகாதுருமம் maka-turumam, மலிசம் malicam, மண்ணிலவேந்தன் mannila-ventan, மராமரம் mara-maram, மாதங்கம் matankam, நாகபந்து naka-pantu, பனசயித்தி panacayitti, பணை panai, பாதசத்துவரம் pata-cattuvaram, பாதரோகணம் pata-rokanam, தணவம் tanavam, தேவாவாசம் tevavacam, தேவாத்துமா tevattuma, திண்டி tinti, திருமரம் tiru-maram, துடை tutai, வாணகந்தி vanakanti, வாதரங்கம் vatarankam, விருக்கபாகம் virukka-pakam, விருட்சநாதம் virutca-natam, விருட்சராசன் virutca-racan
~~~~~ TELUGU ~~~~~
అశ్వత్థము asvatthamu, బోధి bodhi (or బోధిద్రుమము bodhi-drumamu, బోధివృక్షం bodhivrksham), చలదళము chaladalamu, పిప్పలము pippalamu (or పిప్పలి pippali), రాగిచెట్టు ragichettu (or రావిచెట్టు ravichettu)
మంగళ్యము mangalyamu
~~~~~ TULU ~~~~~
ಅತ್ತಸಮರ attasamara
~~~~~ TIBETAN ~~~~~
བོ་དེ་ཙ bo-de-tsa, ཚོས tshos
~~~~~ URDU ~~~~~
اسوتهہ aswattha, پيپل pipal (also پپل pippal), ماتنگ matang, پلکش plaksha, پليہا pliha
~~~~~ x ~~~~~


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TSP-DEC2015-59-232: Images of Ficus religiosa (Moraceae) : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (6)

It is my pleasure to share few images of Ficus religiosa (Moraceae 

Habit: Large, evergreen tree. 

Habitat: By a temple and other places 

Sighting: Chikmagalur, Karnataka, about 1000 msl 

Date: 24-03-2014, 18-05-2014, 31-05-2014 and 07-06-2014


very nice indeed


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SYMBIOSIS :848 : 3 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (1)
Attaching a collage where fruits of Ficus religiosa are eaten by ASIATIC PIED STARLING/ BLACK-HOODED ORIOLE/ KOEL-M/ JUNGLE MYNA/ CRIMSON BREASTED BARBET/ RED-VENTED BULBUL.

 


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Which species Of Ficus? : 3 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (1)
Place: Mohali, Punjab
Date: 14/06/17
Habitat: Found close to Dactylon spp.

Most probably Ficus religiosa


Thanks, …  Common name – Peepal



https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-qOWCu2lPp78/WgACzu3cxHI/AAAAAAAAE1g/h5Z_0Myd60gXBWzi7kapjzVNafdE1aJEwCLcBGAs/s1600/IMG_20170929_103501.jpg
Ficus religiosa leaves : 3 posts by 3 authors. 1 image.
What is happening to the Ficus religiosa leaves ?

It is an insect gall



Tree ID- tall tree behind my apartment:

Date:01/04/2012
Location: Cox Town, Bangalore
Had seen this tree while I was passing by couple of weeks back- it was completely bare, with only some pale white flowers- as these were quite high and the tree was a bit far away- am not 100% sure. Armed with my camera I went to see the tree again today- was surprised to see that it was full of leaves and the flowers were not be seen any more. What tree is this?

Think you missed that he has mentioned pale white flowers. The description is not adequate ,but it could be the Chinese Tallow tree [Sapium sebiferum].


I checked a couple of sources on sapium sebiferum- one indicated that the tree grows to about 6 m. The one I spotted is over 12 m I think. Also, does the Chinese tallow shed all it’s leaves and go completely bare?
I will try to see if I can get clearer, larger pictures and share in the next few weeks.


Ficus arnottiana is my guess. The tips of branchlets bear long stipules (?); and fig-like (?) paired sessile structures found in the lower axils. Leaf tips seem to be caudate-acuminate (as seen in the bottom-right corner of the 2nd pic). Sapium has terminal inflorescence.


Think you like … also missed that it was mentioned that the tree had ‘pale white flowers’.


Thanks …, I may be wrong. But … has also mentioned that he was “…not 100% sure”. So, my guess was based only on the available picture 🙂
Details of flowers and close-up pictures should help.


The plant in this thread is not arnottiana. But it is not Sapium either. It has to be as simple as Ficus religiosa.


Here is a much clearer snap I took just now- hope this helps to do the ID. Sorry if I imagined the white flowers and threw everyone off track…Does ficus religiosa completely shed all its leaves during some part of the year- tree was completely bare in mid March.


May i humbly paste here the links of images of Ficus religiosa that i recorded in 2009. It is very common plant in West Bengal and from my old records (also seen at the top-right coloumn of the image page) i see that this tree is completely bare by 9th March (Picasa).
By March 21 it has some foliage – Picasa
…and by 6th April it is covered with mature canopy = Picasa

The tree also looks like Hura crepitans, the sand box tree. The tree looks exactly similar to Ficus religiosa as the the leaves are almost look alike of Ficus religiosa. But the distinguishing features are the stems, flowers and fruits . The bole has spine like structures. Please check the stem and report whether you have big spines and also watch for the flowers and fruits.


Thanks … for sharing the snaps of Ficus Religiosa. I have truly been blind and ignorant all these years- now I know that it sheds its leaves, and will be on the lookout.
Thanks … for your inputs. I will observe this tree carefully. As it is in a private apartment space, I have to check if I can get permission to enter the premises to have a closer look. I have enclosed a zoomed up portion of the bark in case it offers any further clues- I could not see any obvious spines.


I am familiar with the Ficus religiosa but not that expert that i could identify a plant or tree by its bark!
In fact it is so common here and revered by all Hindu as representative of Lord Shiva
(1. Wiki
2. http://www.thecolorsofindia.com/peepal/origin-of-peepal-tree.html) that i never paid attention to this magnificent tree.
As far as i can remeber i took a picture of a blue-throated barbet, sometimes in 2009, perched on this peepal tree. Attaching the same pic (the original – http://www.biolib.cz/en/taxonimage/id102515/?taxonid=23312). But, again i am not sure if it was a F. religiosa or some other tree!

The link of PEEPAL & Lord SHIVA is – Wiki


… may be on the correct tract… that this is Hura crepitans..
the new pic that Vishnu submitted seems to have parallel veins that arise from the central main vein…. and seem to go all the way to the edge…
I have skeletonized peepul leaves… I looked at them today … veins are not exactly parallel and they get thinner as they travel to the periphery of the leaf…
and the veins in Hura arise at less acute angle ( some leaves may even sport these veins at almost right angle to the main vein) than they do in ficus…( almost 60 degrees to the main vein) …


Never heard of Hura crepitans. Can you please confirm if this H. crepitans is a deciduous or a evergreen one?
Wiki says it is evergreen – http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hura_crepitans
This one says deciduous – http://www.esac.pt/abelho/cv/abelho_etal2005_biotropica.pdf
yet, this one says, “….. classified as deciduous, but some leaves seem to be present all year….” – Book link

Yes Ficus religiosa can shed the leaves completely if it is not near a water body.


By the way on the contrary Hura crepitans is an evergreen tree!!


I would stand for Hura crepitans of Euphorbiaceae family.


FICUS RELIGIOSA


Taking it as Ficus religiosa L.
Does not match with images at Hura crepitans

To me too it looks like Ficus religious



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29-03-2010 /12:50 PM- Jaigad Fort near (Ganapatipule- Ratnagiri); Black-hooded Oriole (Oriolus xanthornus) eating Peepal (Ficus religiosa) fig – indiantreepix | Google Groups Fwd: Peepal Tree – indiantreepix | Google Groups Ficus religiosa-Peepul and Ficus benghalensis-Banyan – indiantreepix | Google Groups
Peepal (Ficus religiosa) strangling Bishopwood (Bischofia javanica) – indiantreepix | Google Groups Three Peepal trees – named after the Hindu trinity of gods – indiantreepix | Google Groups ????? – Ficus religiosa – indiantreepix | Google Groups Crowned night heron colony – indiantreepix | Google Groups
a Ficus sp – indiantreepix | Google Groups Fwd: 1.Sunday article: Peepal – the tree of life 2. From micro to macro cosmos – indiantreepix | Google Groups Ashta – ????? – indiantreepix | Google Groups Is this Ashta? – indiantreepix | Google Groups ID(dkb-11) – efloraofindia | Google Groups


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VALMIKI : OBSERVER OF NATURE:
Ashvatha has been mentioned by Valmiki in his Ramayan. This is commonly known as Pipal. Scientific name of this tree is Ficus religiosa.



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efloraofindia:”Id 27082011MR3’’ Peepal tree Pune:
I would like to share the picture of this Peepal tree which has grown on the terrace of my home.
I have worshiped it as a holy tree since childhood. Some people say it is dangerous to have this tree growing as ghosts live on this tree. I do not know a single person who has seen a ghost. I do not feel like uprooting it. Yes and if I uproot it I am sure it will grow again. I have always wondered about these trees (i have seen banyan tree grow in the similar fashion) whether they grow from the soil and go through the walls upto the terrace or do they grow on the terrace itself due to some bird dropping a seed. I love the color of the new leaves of Peepal tree its shimmering faint red but never seen the flowers or fruits. Will appreciate if any one has the pictures to share


In most of the Ficus seeds are dispersed through birds after defecation. So seeds can grow anywhere they fall in normal condition, but usually they grow as epiphytes or lithophytes or on the cracks in the buildings. .
Attaching one article on the similar issue. It talks about dispersal by bird followed by ants, which is very interesting.


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Fwd: SYMBIOSIS : 1127 : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (1)
Attaching a collage of Blue throated barbet feeding on fruits of Ficus religiosa (ASHWATHA)

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For ID22102019RK3-please help in identification : 7 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (5)
Please help in identification of this. It’s a leafy vegetable consumed in Jharkhand.
Local name-Pakkedi ghasi
Date-13th May, 2018
Place-Village chewo, Godda, Jharkhand

Ficus religiosa !


I didn’t know tender leaves of F. religiosa are consumed as leafy veg.
On the other hand I do know leaf-buds of F. virens being used to make pickles and other things, in spring.
Posted tree and branclet is definitely F. religiosa, it being leafy vegetable is difficult to digest.
I shall enquire.


It came as a surprise for me as well !

‘Ficus religiosa Linn./ RHT66326
Tender leaves, buds Boiled, water squeezed out, then cooked as vegetable.  
Menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, blood dysentery, bleeding piles, haematuria, haemorrhages, laxative (Khare, 2007), colic, dysentery, (Kumari and Kumar, 2000)’
Academia
There are other links as well.

Thank you Sir , for bringing out this surprise in open !!


yes. its full of tannins. helps stop bleeding. so it would be logical in case of gut luminal, mucosal bleeding. but in menorrhagia etc…? doubtful. thanks … for digging out the ref


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Tree for Id -ID10022021SH1: 3 images.

Tree for Id pl.
Location – Taljai Hills,Pune
Date – January 2021

Ficus religiosa L. !


Oh ! Peepal Tree !!! How did I miss it 🙂 🙂


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Ficus seed dispersal by frugivore birds on age-old railway bridge columns…:
Ficus seed dispersal by frugivore birds on age-old railway bridge columns…
The meter gauge railway bridge column over river Cauvery stays abandoned since 1997 when a new broad gauge track came into existence in the Mysore Hassan route. Common myna parakeets,  starlings and other birds have dispersed ficus seeds on top of railway columns.
I am witnessing these old plants survive the harsh summer heat and still stay green during the monsoon months. Almost all columns have a stunt ficus plant, banyan or peepal piercing its root firmly on the column crevices, stay straight and have and have managed to reach heights up to 3 meters.
What amazes me is…I see these strangular figs at places coil huge trees, strangulate, turn them black, drop down dead over long years,  take over and assert its dominance…. have failed here to topple these railway columns built during British times and 103 years old.


Yes, Very interesting


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Santali name(s) of Ficus religiosa L.:

Please help with the name(s) of Ficus religiosa L. in Ol Chiki script …
hesak
… listed in A Santali-English dictionary by A. Campbell, of the Santal mission
ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱴᱨᱤ
ᱦᱮᱸᱥᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ
…listed in Wikipedia … please transcribe to Roman characters

hesak transcription shall be ᱦᱮᱸᱥᱟᱜ
ᱫᱚᱨᱮ means tree so only ᱦᱮᱸᱥᱟᱜ shall be the common name for Santali.
ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱴᱨᱤ  = Pipol tree
ᱦᱮᱸᱥᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ = Hesag Dare

So, I will consider following names:
ᱦᱮᱸᱥᱟᱜ hesag … omitting ᱫᱟᱨᱮ dare (meaning tree)
ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ pipol … omitting  ᱴᱨᱤ tree

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Ficus religiosa L. :: Thane, Maharashtra :: Mar 17, 2007 · JUN23 DV483: 3 images.

Ficus religiosa L.
Thane, Maharashtra :: Mar 17, 2007 · 12:32 PM IST :: about 11 m (36 ft) asl
Many thanks to Radha VeachBharat Godambe and Omkar S Damle for validating the ID at iNaturalist

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Moraceae: Ficus religiosa L.: 1 image.
location/date: Tropical Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, October 1994



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References:

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