Hedyotis neesiana Arn. (Bangladesh; India; Malaya; Myanmar; Sri Lanka; Sumatera; Thailand as per Catalogue of Life)
Hedyotis purpurascens Hook.f. (India (Tamil Nadu, Kerala) as per WCSP)
Debia ovatifolia (Cav.) Neupane & N.Wikstr. (Assam; Bangladesh; China South-Central; East Himalaya; Hainan; India; Jawa; Malaya; Myanmar; Nepal; Pakistan; Philippines; Sri Lanka; Taiwan; Thailand; Vietnam; West Himalaya as per Catalogue of Life)
Dimetia scandens (Roxb.) R.J.Wang (Central Himalaya to China (Yunnan) and Indo-China: Assam, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China South-Central, East Himalaya, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam as per POWO)
Exallage ulmifolia (Wall.) Bremek.
Leptopetalum biflorum (L.) Neupane & N.Wikstr. (Trop. & Subtrop. Asia to W. Pacific as per WCSP)
Leptopetalum pteritum (Blume) Neupane & N.Wikstr. (China Southeast; India; Jawa; Lesser Sunda Is.; Malaya; Myanmar; Nicobar Is.; Philippines; Sulawesi; Thailand; Vietnam as per Catalogue of Life)
Oldenlandia umbellata L. (Cambodia; Hainan; India; Jawa; Laccadive Is.; Maldives; Myanmar; Pakistan; Sri Lanka; Sulawesi; Vietnam as per Catalogue of Life)
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. . The Hedyotis-Oldenlandia complex (Rubiaceae: Spermacoceae) in Asia and the Pacific: Phylogeny revisited with new generic delimitations (pdf)- Suman Neupane, Steven Dessein, Niklas Wikström, Paul O. Lewis, Chunlin Long, Birgitta Bremer & Timothy J. Motley- TAXON 64 (2) April 2015: 299–322 (Abstract- Hedyotis and related genera (here called the Hedyotis-Oldenlandia complex) are highly debated groups in the Rubiaceae family with no consensus to date on their generic delimitations. The present study focuses on Asian-Pacific taxa from these groups and aims at resolving taxonomic inconsistencies by describing monophyletic genera within the complex. The generic circumscriptions presented in our study are based on the phylogenetic trees of nuclear (ITS, ETS) and plastid (petD, rps16) sequence data inferred using Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods. Morphological key features of the group such as habit, fruit type, seed form, and pollen type are studied and compared with the phylogeny to characterize the clades. Based on these results, the Asian-Pacific members are placed in 14 monophyletic groups across the Hedyotis-Oldenlandia complex. Of these, we accept and circumscribe 13 monophyletic genera: Debia, Dentella, Dimetia, Edrastima, Exallage, Hedyotis, Involucrella, Kadua, Kohautia, Leptopetalum, Neanotis, Oldenlandia, and Scleromitrion. Two of these, Debia and Involucrella, are here described as new genera)
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Keys as per Flora of Pakistan:
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. Hedyotis affinis (syn. of Oldenlandia affinis (Roem. & Schult.) DC.),
Hedyotis aspera (syn. of Kohautia aspera (B.Heyne ex Roth) Bremek.),
Hedyotis auricularia synonym for Exallage auricularia (L.) Bremek.,
Hedyotis biflora synonym for Leptopetalum biflorum (L.) Neupane & N.Wikstr.,
Hedyotis brachiata (syn. of Oldenlandia attenuata (Willd.) M.R.Almeida),
Hedyotis caerulea (syn. of Hedyotis cyanantha Kurz),
Hedyotis corymbosa (syn. of Oldenlandia corymbosa L.),
Hedyotis diffusa synonym for Scleromitrion diffusum (Willd.) R.J.Wang,
Hedyotis gracilis (syn. of Kohautia gracilis (Wall.) DC.),
Hedyotis graminifolia (syn. of Oldenlandia stricta L.),
Hedyotis herbacea (syn. of Oldenlandia herbacea (L.) Roxb.),
Hedyotis nitida (syn. of Hedyotis neesiana Arn.),
Hedyotis pinifolia synonym for Scleromitrion pinifolium (Wall. ex G.Don) R.J.Wang,
Hedyotis puberula (syn. of Oldenlandia umbellata L.) &
Hedyotis pumila (syn. of Oldenlandia pumila (L.f.) DC.) . From Floral Database of Tamilnadu :
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. Species with description & keys from Flora of Pakistan (Distribution): . Species with description & keys from Flora of Pakistan (Distribution): Oldenlandia nudicaulis Roth (Indo-Malaya, lava, Assam and Pakistan) synonym for Debia ovatifolia (Cav.) Neupane & N.Wikstr. Oldenlandia umbellata L. (India, Ceylon, Burma, Pakistan (Sind) and west Tropical Africa) . Species with distribution in annotated checklist of Flowering plants of Nepal (Distribution): Hedyotis auricularia L. (900-1700 m; Himalaya (Nepal to Assam), India, Burma, east to S. China, Malaysia, Australia, Tropical Africa (probably introduced)) synonym for Exallage auricularia (L.) Bremek. Hedyotis biflora (L.) Lam. (200-1600 m; Himalaya, India, east to China and S. Japan, Malaysia, Polynesia) synonym for Leptopetalum biflorum (L.) Neupane & N.Wikstr. Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lam. (200-2400 m; Himalaya, India, Ceylon, all tropical Asia, Africa, America) synonym for Oldenlandia corymbosa L. Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (600-1000 m; Tropical and subtropical eastern Asia, India, S. China, Japan, Malaysia) synonym for Scleromitrion diffusum (Willd.) R.J.Wang Hedyotis lineata Roxb. (1000-1800 m; Himalaya (Nepal, Sikkim), Bengal, Burma) synonym for Exallage ulmifolia (Wall.) Bremek. Hedyotis ovatifolia Cav. (200-1200 m; Himalaya (Kumaun to Sikkim), India, Thailand, Indo-China, Taiwan, Malaysia) synonym for Debia ovatifolia (Cav.) Neupane & N.Wikstr. Hedyotis pinifolia Wall. ex G. Don (550 m; Himalaya, India, Thailand, Indo-China, Malaysia) synonym for Scleromitrion pinifolium (Wall. ex G.Don) R.J.Wang Hedyotis scandens Roxb. (400-1800 m; Himalaya (Nepal to Bhutan), Khasia, Burma, Indo-China) synonym for Dimetia scandens (Roxb.) R.J.Wang Hedyotis verticillata (L.) Lam. (200-800 m; Himalaya, India, Thailand, Indo-China, Ryukyu, Malaysia, Micronesia) synonym for Scleromitrion verticillatum (L.) R.J.Wang . Some species found in India with description & keys from Flora of China [Distribution other than China]: Hedyotis auricularia Linnaeus [India, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia] synonym for Exallage auricularia (L.) Bremek. Hedyotis biflora (Linnaeus) Lamarck [[India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Vietnam; SE Asia to Pacific islands] synonym for Leptopetalum biflorum (L.) Neupane & N.Wikstr. Hedyotis brachypoda (Candolle) Sivarajan & Biju [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia (Malacca), Nepal, Philippines, Vietnam] is a synonym of Oldenlandia brachypoda DC. Hedyotis brevicalyx Sivarajan [India, Indonesia (Java), N Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Vietnam] synonym for Oldenlandia umbellata L. Hedyotis capitellata Wallich ex G. Don [India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam] synonym for Dimetia capitellata (Wall. ex G.Don) Neupane & N.Wikstr. Hedyotis corymbosa (Linnaeus) Lamarck [Africa and tropical Asia; widely adventive in the Americas and the Pacific region]. synonym for Oldenlandia corymbosa L. Hedyotis diffusa Willdenow [Bangladesh, Bhutan, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand] synonym for Scleromitrion diffusum (Willd.) R.J.Wang Hedyotis herbacea Linnaeus [widespread in tropical Africa and Asia] = Oldenlandia herbacea (L.) Roxb. Hedyotis hermanniana R. M. Dutta [India, Sri Lanka]. Hedyotis lineata Roxburgh [Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal] synonym for Exallage ulmifolia (Wall.) Bremek. Hedyotis merguensis Bentham & J. D. Hooker [India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam] synonym for Involucrella coronaria (Kurz) Neupane & N.Wikstr. Hedyotis ovatifolia Cavanilles [India, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand] synonym for Debia ovatifolia (Cav.) Neupane & N.Wikstr. Hedyotis pinifolia Wallich ex G. Don [India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam] synonym for Scleromitrion pinifolium (Wall. ex G.Don) R.J.Wang Hedyotis prostrata Blume [India, Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam]. Hedyotis pterita Blume [India, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam] synonym for Leptopetalum pteritum (Blume) Neupane & N.Wikstr. Hedyotis scandens Roxburgh [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Vietnam] synonym for Dimetia scandens (Roxb.) R.J.Wang Hedyotis tenelliflora Blume [India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia, Melanesia] synonym for Scleromitrion tenelliflorum (Blume) Korth. Hedyotis trinervia (Retzius) Roemer & Schultes [India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, N Vietnam] synonym for Edrastima trinervia (Retz.) Neupane & N.Wikstr. Hedyotis uncinella Hooker & Arnott [India, Myanmar]. Hedyotis verticillata (Linnaeus) Lamarck [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam] synonym for Scleromitrion verticillatum (L.) R.J.Wang Hedyotis vestita R. Brown ex G. Don [India, Indochina, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand] (Syn. of Exallage costata (Roxb.) Bremek.) . Hedyotis & Oldenlandia : 1 post by 1 author.
I have updated eFI (efloraofindia) page on Oldenlandia & Hedyotis Attempts have been made to incorporate most of the species available in India & nearby areas with details & keys directly or through links as far as possible. It’s quite possible that there may be some discrepancy in the accepted names & synonyms taken from other databases. Species discussed so far in efloraofindia are given at the bottom of the page in the form of links against Subpages. On clicking them one can see all the details. Any comments are welcome. . Old Hedyotis complex (Debia, Exallage, Hedyotis, Leptopetalum, Oldenlandia & Scleromitrion) page with images of species in efloraofindia : 1 post by 1 author.
Pl. go through Old Hedyotis complex (Debia, Exallage, Hedyotis, Leptopetalum, Oldenlandia & Scleromitrion) page with images of species in efloraofindia. If you find any incorrect identification, pl. let us know. If anybody can send images of other species of this genus (for incorporation in the website) to indiantreepix@googlegroups.com, it will be really nice. |
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