Magnolia

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Images by Nidhan Singh, (inserted by Bhagyashri Ranade)

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Magnolia kisopa (Buch.-Ham. ex DC.) Figlar (Nepal to Vietnam: East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Tibet as per POWO)

  

Magnolia liliifera (L.) Baill. (Cultivated)

Images by Raman Arunachalam, (Mahadeswara Swamy – Id by Shrikant Ingalhalikar), (Aarti Khale – Validation by Raman Arunachalam) & Aarti Khale, (inserted by Bhagyashri Ranade)

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Images by Vijayasankar Raman, Gurcharan Singh, Aarti Khale, (Alka Khare – Id by Gurcharan Singh), (inserted by Bhagyashri Ranade)

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Images by Santhan P, B.Rathinasabapathy & Santhan P, (inserted by Bhagyashri Ranade)

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A synopsis on distribution and endemism of Magnoliaceae s.l. in Indian Subcontinent by SUBIR RANJAN KUNDU Thaiszia – J. Bot., Košice, 19: 47-60, 2009 (pdf- 14 pages) :
Species as per this:

Magnolia andamanica (King) Raju & Nayar in Indian J. Bot. 3(2): 171. 1980. India, Myanmar. (synonym of Magnolia liliifera (L.) Baill.)
Magnolia cambellii Hook.f. & Thoms., Fl. Ind. 1: 77. 1855. India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, China.
Magnolia cathcartii (Hook.f. & Thoms.) Noot. in Blumea 31(1): 88. 1985. India, Bhutan, Myanmar, China, Vietnam.
Magnolia caveana (Hook.f. & Thoms.) Raju & Nayar in Indian J. Bot. 3(2): 171. 1980. India.
Magnolia denundata Desr. in Lam. Ency. Meth. 3: 675. 1972. Pakistan, China.
Magnolia globosa Hook. f. & Thoms., Fl. Ind. 1: 77. 1855. India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, China.
Magnolia grandiflora L. Syst. ed. 10: 1082. 1759. India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, China, (widely cultivated), N. America.
Magnolia griffithii Hook. f. & Thoms., Fl. Ind. 1: 77. 1855. India, Bangladesh, Myanmar.
Magnolia gustavii King in Ann. R. Bot. Gard. Calc. 3(2): 209. t.61. 1891. India.
Magnolia henryi Dunn, in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 35: 484. 1903. Myanmar, China, Thailand, Laos.
Magnolia hodgsonii (Hook. f. & Thoms.) H. Keng in Gard. Bull. Singapore 31(2): 129. 1978. India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, China, Thailand.
Magnolia hookeri (Cubitt & W.W. Smith) Raju & Nayar in Indian J. Bot. 3 (2): 171. 1980. India, Myanmar, China.
Magnolia insignis Wall., Tent. Fl. Nep. 3t. 1. 1824. India, Nepal, Myanmar, China. (=Manglietia insignis (Wall.) Blume)
Magnolia pteocarpa Roxb. in Pl. Corom. 3: 62, t. 266. 1820. India, Bhutan, Myanmar. M. rabaniana (Hook. f. & Thoms.) Raju & Nayar in Indian J. Bot. 3(2): 171. 1980. India.
Magnolia rostrata W. W. Smith, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 12: 213. 1920. Myanmar, China.

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A synopsis on distribution and endemism of Magnoliaceae s.l. in Indian Subcontinent by SUBIR RANJAN KUNDU Thaiszia – J. Bot., Košice, 19: 47-60, 2009 (pdf- 14 pages):
Species as per this:

Michelia baillonii (Pierre) Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52(Mem.1(4): 46. 1906. India, Myanmar, Indo-China. (Michelia baillonii (Pierre) Finet & Gagnep. is a synonym of Magnolia baillonii Pierre)
Michelia champaca L. var. champaca Sp. Pl. 1: 536. 1753. India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan (Cultivated), Myanmar, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, China, Taiwan, Malaysia. (now syn. of Magnolia champaca)
Michelia doltsopa Buch.-Ham. ex DC. Syst. Nat. (Candolle) 1: 448. 1817. India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, China. (= Magnolia doltsopa (Buch.-Ham. ex DC.) Figlar)
Michelia figo (Lour.) Spreng. Syst. (ed. 16) 2: 643. 1825. Nepal (cultivated), China, N. America. (= Magnolia figo (Lour.) DC.)
Michelia floribunda Finet & Gagnep. Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52(Mem. 4(1)): 46. 1906. Myanmar, China. (Michelia floribunda Finet & Gagnep. is a synonym of Magnolia floribunda (Finet & Gagnep.) Figlar)
Michelia glabra P. Parm. Bull. Sci. France Belgique 27: 213, 282, 1896. India, Bhutan, Bangladesh. (Michelia glabra P.Parm. is a synonym of Magnolia kingii (Dandy) Figlar)
Michelia kisopa Buch.-Ham. ex DC. Syst. Nat. (Candolle) 1: 448. 1817. India, Nepal, Bhutan. (Michelia kisopa Buch.-Ham. ex DC. is a synonym of Magnolia kisopa (Buch.-Ham. ex DC.) Figlar )
Michelia mannii King in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 3(2): 218., t.70, 1891. India, Bangladesh. (Michelia mannii King is a synonym of Magnolia mannii (King) Figla)
Michelia nilagirica Zenk. var. nilagirica Fl. Ind. 1: 82. 1855.  India, Sri Lanka. (= Magnolia nilagirica (Zenker) Figlar)
Michelia nilagirica Zenk. var. walkeri Hook. f. & Thoms., Fl. Ind. 1: 82. 1855. Sri Lanka. (Michelia nilagirica var. walkeri (Wight) Hook.f. & Thomson is a synonym of Magnolia nilagirica (Zenker) Figlar)
Michelia oblonga Wall. ex Hook. f. & Thoms. Fl. Ind. 1: 81, 1855. India, Bangladesh. (Michelia oblonga Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thomson is a synonym of Magnolia oblonga (Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thomson) Figlar )
Michelia punduana Hook. f. & Thoms. Fl. Ind. 1: 81. 1855. India, Bhutan, Bangladesh. (Michelia punduana Hook.f. & Thomson is a synonym of Magnolia punduana (Hook.f. & Thomson) Figlar)
M. velutina DC. Prodr. (DC.) 1: 79. 1824. India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, China, Vietnam. (= Magnolia lanuginosa (Wall.) Figlar & Noot.)
Michelia wardii Dandy in J. Bot. 65: 222. 1929. India, China. (Michelia wardii Dandy is a synonym of Magnolia doltsopa (Buch.-Ham. ex DC.) Figlar)

Binomial Habit Notes Ref. Distrib.
Magnolia campbellii Hook. f. & Thoms. Tree Western Ghats,
Cultivated, Native of  Himalayas		 Flora of Tamil
Nadu, VOL. I, 1983		 Nilgiri             
Magnolia grandiflora L. Tree Western
Ghats, Cultivated, Native of Temperate America 		 Flora
of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983		 Dindigul,
Nilgiri 
Magnolia liliflora Desr. Shrub Western
Ghats, Cultivated, Native of East
Asiatic  Region		 Flora
of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983		 Dindigul,
Nilgiri
Magnolia x alba DC. Tree Western
Ghats, Cultivated, Native of  Malaysian
Region		 Matthew,
1999		 Dindigul
Binomial Habit Notes Ref. Distr.
Michelia champaca L. = Magnolia champaca (L.) Baill. ex Pierre Tree Western Ghats & Eastern Ghats, Moist Deciduous Forests, Cultivated in Plains Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983 All districts
Michelia nilagirica Zenk. = Magnolia nilagirica (Zenker) Figlar Tree Western Ghats, Evergreen Forests Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983 Coimbatore, Dindigul, Nilgiri, Theni, Tirunelveli  
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Botanical name Synonyms Family Common name
Magnolia campbelli Magnoliaceae Campbell’s Magnolia
Magnolia champaca Michelia champaca Magnoliaceae Champa
Magnolia champaca Michelia champaca Magnoliaceae Golden Champa
Magnolia coco Magnoliaceae Dwarf Magnolia
Magnolia doltsopa Michelia doltsopa, Magnolia excelsa, Michelia manipurensis Magnoliaceae Temple Magnolia
Magnolia figo Magnolia annonifolia, Michelia figo, Liriodendron figo Magnoliaceae Banana Shrub
Magnolia grandiflora Magnoliaceae Magnolia
Magnolia liliifera Talauma candollei Magnoliaceae Egg Magnolia
Magnolia liliiflora Magnolia lilliflora Magnoliaceae Lily Magnolia
Magnolia x soulangiana Magnoliaceae Saucer Magnolia

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From Biotik:
Michelia champaca L.  = Magnolia champaca (L.) Baill. ex Pierre
Michelia nilagirica Zenk. = Magnolia nilagirica (Zenker) Figlar

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1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants edited by Kerry Scott Walter, Harriet J. Gillett-
Magnolia griffithii Hook. f. & Thoms.- Indeterminate- Assam
Magnolia gustavii King- Indeterminate- Assam
1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants edited by Kerry Scott Walter, Harriet J. Gillett
Michelia punduana Hook.f. & Thomson is a synonym of Magnolia punduana (Hook.f. & Thomson) Figlar– Rare- Meghalaya & Nagaland

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Floriculture in India By Gurcharan Singh Randhawa, Amitabha Mukhopadhyay (1986)- Brief details-
Magnolia fuscata Andrews is a synonym of Magnolia figo (Lour.) DC.
Magnolia mutabilis (Blume) H.J.Chowdhery & P.Daniel is a synonym of Magnolia liliifera (L.) Baill.
Magnolia pumila Andrews is a synonym of Magnolia liliifera (L.) Baill.
Floriculture in India By Gurcharan Singh Randhawa, Amitabha Mukhopadhyay (1986)- Brief details-
Michelia × alba = Magnolia ×alba (DC.) Figlar
Michelia champaca  = Magnolia champaca (L.) Baill. ex Pierre

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Gardening in India By George Marshall Woodrow, G Marshall (1999)- Brief Details-
Michelia champaca L. is a synonym of Magnolia champaca
Magnolia pumila Andrews is a synonym of Magnolia liliifera (L.) Baill.
Magnolia yulan Desf. is a synonym of Magnolia denudata Desr.
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Forest Plants of Eastern India By Amal Bhusan Chaudhuri (1993)-
Magnolia pterocarpa                                  

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Forest Plants of Eastern India By Amal Bhusan Chaudhuri (1993)- Brief details-
Michelia cathcartii Hook.f. & Thomson is a synonym of Magnolia cathcartii (Hook.f. & Thomson) Noot.
Michelia champaca  = Magnolia champaca (L.) Baill. ex Pierre
Michelia doltsopa = Magnolia doltsopa (Buch.-Ham. ex DC.) Figlar
Michelia excelsa (Wall.) Blume is a synonym of Magnolia doltsopa (Buch.-Ham. ex DC.) Figlar
Michelia kingii Dandy is a synonym of Magnolia kingii (Dandy) Figlar
Michelia lanuginosa Wall. is a synonym of Magnolia lanuginosa (Wall.) Figlar & Noot.
Michelia manipurensis Watt ex Brandis is a synonym of Magnolia doltsopa (Buch.-Ham. ex DC.) Figlar
Michelia oblonga Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thomson is a synonym of Magnolia oblonga (Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thomson) Figlar
Michelia punduana Hook.f. & Thomson is a synonym of Magnolia punduana (Hook.f. & Thomson) Figlar
Michelia velutina = Magnolia lanuginosa (Wall.) Figlar & Noot.
Michelia champaca  = Magnolia champaca (L.) Baill. ex Pierre
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Michelia cathcartii Hook.f. & Thomson is a synonym of Magnolia cathcartii (Hook.f. & Thomson) Noot.
Michelia champaca  = Magnolia champaca (L.) Baill. ex Pierre
Michelia lanuginosa Wall. is a synonym of Magnolia lanuginosa (Wall.) Figlar & Noot.

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Flora of Eastern Ghats: Hill Ranges of South East India, Volume 1 By T. Pullaiah, D. Muralidhara Rao, K. Sri Ramamurthy (2002)-
Michelia champaca  = Magnolia champaca (L.) Baill. ex Pierre

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Magnolia : 2 posts by 1 author.

I have updated eFI (efloraofindia) page on

Attempts have been made to incorporate most of the species available in India & nearby areas with details & keys directly or through links as far as possible. It’s quite possible that there may be some discrepancy in the accepted names & synonyms taken from other links.

Species discussed so far in efloraofindia are given at the bottom of the page in the form of links against Subpages. On clicking them one can see all the details.

If someone can provide complete list of Indian species with source references it will be wonderful.

Any comments/ corrections are welcome.

Genus Michelia has been merged in Magnolia as per GRIN, WCSP & The Plant List

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Magnolia & Rhododendron differences : 2 posts by 2 authors. we recently visited Bhutan, and while I thought I was very clear about what magnolias looked like, and what rhododendrons look like, I am ashamed to say that I got thoroughly confused between both the ‘whites’! The leaves should have helped….but they just didn’t seem starkly different enough. Even the flowers got confusing!So can anyone help with a few clear indicators of what I should look at?

Magnolia and Rhododendron are so distinct that there is little scope for confusion. Anyhow this should help

1. Flowers of Magnolia are solitary, often in clusters in Rhododendron
2. Flowers of Magnolia have undifferentiated calyx and corolla, all (perianth) members are similar, large, free, usually in multiples of 3, Rhododendron has distinct green calyx with small lobes and large corolla lobes, united at base into a tube
3. The central portion of flower in Magnolia is large with numerous spirally arranged stamens and several free carpels. Rhododendron has 5-10 smaller stamens in one or two whorls, carpels are united.
4. Fruit in Magnolia consists of a collection of several fruits (follicles), whereas there is a single fruit capsule in Rhododendron, opening by 5-10 valves.
5. Seeds in Magnolia are large, longer than 5 mm, one to two in each fruit, suspended by long threads, in Rhododendron seeds are numerous, hardly 1-2 mm long

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Magnolia sp. : 3 posts by 2 authors.
Can anyone please guide me as to which species of Magnolia are found in India except Magnolia grandiflora and Michelia champaca?

Pl. see Magnolia

Thank you very much … the information more than i can digest. Thank you very much once again.

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Re: completed insertion of images of Magnolia species : 1 post by 1 author.
Some species were already done by … Also I have not inserted images for species not found in India
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Pl. go through ‎Magnolia (‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎Magnoliaceae) page with images of species (mainly done by …) in efloraofindia.

If you find any incorrect identification, pl. let us know. If anybody can send images of other species of this genera (for incorporation in the website), if any, it will be really nice.