Solanum villosum Mill., Gard. dict. ed. 8: Solanum no. 2. 1768 (Syn: Solanum aegyptiacum Forssk.; Solanum arenarium Schur; Solanum canescens Kit. ex Kanitz; Solanum carmanicum Schönb.-Tem.; Solanum cerinum Otto; Solanum erythraeum Dunal; Solanum flavum Kit. ex Schult.; Solanum flavum humile Bernh.; Solanum hildebrandtii A.Braun & C.D.Bouché; Solanum humile Bernh. ex Willd.; Solanum incanum Kit. ex Kanitz; Solanum incanum Kit. ex Schult.; Solanum incertum Dunal; Solanum kitaibelii Schult.; Solanum luteovirescens C.C.Gmel.; Solanum luteum Mill.; Solanum miniatum Bernh. ex Willd.; Solanum minutiflorum Dunal; Solanum nigrum aegyptiacum Lam. ex C.C.Gmel.; Solanum nigrum var. humile Fr.; Solanum nigrum subsp. luteovirescens (C.C.Gmel.) Kirschl.; Solanum nigrum subsp. luteum (Mill.) Kirschl.; Solanum nigrum subsp. puniceum Kirschl.; Solanum nigrum var. sancti-marini Pamp.; Solanum nigrum var. villosum L.; Solanum nilagiricum Schltdl.; Solanum ochroleucum Bastard; Solanum olgae Pojark.; Solanum patens Lowe.; Solanum plebeium A.Rich.; Solanum pseudovillosum Schur; Solanum puniceum C.C.Gmel.; Solanum purpureilineatum Sabnis & Bhatt; Solanum rubrum L.; Solanum sinaicum Boiss.; Solanum suffruticosum Schousb. ex Willd.; Solanum transcaucasicum Pojark.; Solanum villosum (L.) Willd.; Solanum villosum subsp. miniatum (Bernh. ex Willd.) J.M.Edmonds; Solanum villosum subsp. puniceum Edmonds; Solanum viridescens Rchb.; Solanum woronowii Pojark.; Solanum zelenetzkii Pojark.; Witheringia rubra (L.) Remy);
.
Macaronesia, N. Africa to Eritrea and Mozambique, Europe to China and Arabian Peninsula, Indian Subcontinent: Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Belarus, Bulgaria, Burundi, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Central European Rus, Chad, China North-Central, Corse, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Djibouti, East Aegean Is., East Himalaya, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Gulf States, Hungary, India, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kirgizstan, Kriti, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Madeira, Malawi, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Nigeria, North Caucasus, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Poland, Portugal, Qinghai, Romania, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, Sinai, Somalia, South European Russi, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tanzania, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Western Sahara, Xinjiang, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe as per POWO;
.
Solanum villosum (left), Solanum americanum (middle) & Solanum nigrum (right)

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Solanum americanum, solanum nigrum & Solanum villosum5 images.
Pictures were taken today from same place, these three species growing here as weeds. Earlier I thought we had only two, no S. americanum Mill., but the eFI and FoC KEY tells me otherwise.

.
The species is distinct from S. americanum and S. nigrum in distinctly sinuate dentate leaves, 3-5-fld inflorescence, shorter peduncle usually shorter than 10 mm in fruit, berries red, orange or green, globose or ovoid. The typiical S. villosum has villous stems, and our specimens belong to S. miniatum, sometimes named as S. villosum var. miniatum with glabrescent to slightly pubescent slightly angular stems. Kew Plant list, however, does not recognise it as a distinct variety, and treats S. mineatum as simple synonym of S. villosum..
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ommon name: Yellow Nightshade, Hairy Nightshade, Red-fruited nightshade • Sanskrit: कोविदारः Kovidaraha, रक्तकोविदारः Raktokovidaraha
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Solanaceae Week: Solanum villosum from Delhi:
Solanum villosum Mill., Gard. Dict. (ed. 8) no. 2 no. 2 1768.
Syn: Solanum humile Bernh. ex Willd.; Solanum miniatum Bernh. ex Willd.

The species is distinct from S. americanum (syn: S. nigrum) in distinctly sinuate dentate leaves, 3-5-fld inflorescence, shorter peduncle usually shorter than 10 mm in fruit, berries red, orange or green, globose or ovoid. The typiical S. villosum has villous stems, and our specimens belong to S. miniatum, sometimes named as S. villosum var. miniatum with glabrescent to slightly pubescent slightly angular stems. 
Kew Plant list, however, does not recognise it as a distinct variety, and treats S. mineatum as simple synonym of S. villosum..


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Flora of Haryana: Solanum nigrum var villosum from CCS HAU Farms Hisar:
Solanum nigrum var. villosum L., Sp. Pl. 186. 1753. from CCS HAU Hisar

Some confusion::?????????
The plant list not have Solanum nigrum var. villosum L in their listing but list Solanum villosum Mill. as an accepted name with following synonyms
Solanum humile Bernh. ex Willd.
Solanum miniatum Bernh. ex Willd.
Solanum nigrum var. humile (Bernh. ex Willd.) C.Y. Wu & S.C. Huang
eflora of Pakistan list following synonyms of Solanum nigrum var. villosum L
Solanum alatum Moench.
Solanum luteum Miller
Solanum luteum ssp. alatum (Moench) Dostal
Solanum miniatum Bernh. ex. Willd.
Solanum villosum (L.) Moench
http://plants.usda.gov have following information (http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=SOVI8)
Solanum villosum (L.) Mill. with synonyms
SOAL11 Solanum alatum Moench
SOLU9 Solanum luteum Mill.
SOLUA2 Solanum luteum Mill. ssp. alatum (Moench) Dostál
SONIV4 Solanum nigrum L. var. villosum L.
ikon.altervista.org/biologia/flora-af/
this site list Solanum luteum Mill. as accepted name
calflora this site list Solanum villosum Mill. as accepted name with following synonyms
Solanum alatum
Solanum luteum ssp. alatum
Solanum luteum
Solanum nigrum var. villosum
And Also see the link from KEW

Accepted name: Solanum villosum Mill.

Synonyms: Solanum villosum Mill. subsp. villosum, Solanum luteum Mill. subsp. luteum,Solanum luteum Mill., Solanum nigrum var. villosum L., Solanum villosum Moench, Solanum nigrum subsp. villosum (L.) Ball
Can Anyone Clarify the Situation please


It is reasonable to treat it as Solanum villosum. Our plant is Solanum villosum subsp. miniatum. It was discussed during Solanaceae week
Here is important publication on this
underutilized-species.pdf

Seems it grows here in the lower gangetic plains too…


Yes … common in North Indian Plains


 


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Herb for Id : 290912 RV 1: Please help to id this Solanum plant…..picture taken in Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Borivali Mumbai on 25th Sep,12.


I hope Solanum villosum subsp. miniatum


Yes Sir Solanum villosum subsp. miniatum



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Solanum sp. ID-01 25/02/2012 Hooghly (WB) SK : Attachments (5).  5 posts by 3 authors.

Posting images of Solanum nigrum. Please confirm the ID.
Species : Solanum sp.
Date : 02-Feb-2012, 12.36 P.M.

Place : Nalikul (Hooghly), West Bengal


Solanum villosum i think


Yes Solanum villosum


 


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Solanum villosum from Delhi : Attachments (6).  3 posts by 2 authors.

Solanum villosum Mill. from Delhi, distinct from S. nigrum in orange to red fruits, peduncle shorter peduncle (usually less than 1 cm long) and smaller shining fruit (6-8 mm), frequently confused and identified with S. nigrum but now treated as a distinct species (previously also treated as S. luteum or S. alatum).


Nice detailed catch of the plant



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Solanum sp. ID-03 25/02/2012 Hooghly (WB) SK :  Attachments (6). 5 posts by 3 authors.

Posting images of Solanum villosum. Or, is it also S.nigrum?
I took these photographs on 12th and 23rd this month at two different places in Hooghly.
Please confirm the ID.
Species : Solanum sp.
Date : 12-Feb-2012, 12.08 P.M. & 23-Feb-2012, 8.59 a.m.

Place : Hooghly, West Bengal


Solanum villosum I hope


Yes Solanum villosum



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Solanum ID from Bangladesh SM096 : 8 posts by 4 authors. Attachments (1).

Habit: Shrub
Habitat: Wild
Location: Dhaka City


I hope it is Solanum americanum Mill. (Syn. S. nigrum L.).


Solanum americanum has small shining black fruits. This has orange yellow, Solanum villosum subsp. miniatum. Moreover, S. nigrum (large dull black fruits, larger flowers) and S. american (smaller shining black fruits, smaller fruits) are two distinct species.


S. villosum, fruit is orange red when ripe

 


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Jan2015sk07 – Solanum villosum Mill. : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (4)

Another 1.5 ft wild herb recorded today (15.1.15). No ripe fruit seen yet. Didn’t scale. Flowers and fruit about same size as in S. nigrum L., uploaded a little while ago. This should be S. villosum Mill.



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Herb for ID, Rajasthan NAW-JAN15-07 : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (5).
Kindly identify this herb with white flowers, photographed in Ajmer district, Rajasthan in December 2014.

Height of herb about 40-50 cm. Spherical green berries about 5 mm diameter.


I hope Solanum villosum subsp. mineatum.



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Solanaceae Fortnight: Solanum villosum from Delhi-GSFEB01/03 : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (6)
Solanum villosum Mill., Gard. Dict. (ed. 8) no. 2 no. 2 1768.
Syn: Solanum humile Bernh. ex Willd.; Solanum miniatum Bernh. ex Willd.

The species is distinct from S. americanum and S. nigrum in distinctly sinuate dentate leaves, 3-5-fld inflorescence, shorter peduncle usually shorter than 10 mm in fruit, berries red, orange or green, globose or ovoid. The typiical S. villosum has villous stems, and our specimens belong to S. miniatum, sometimes named as S. villosum var. miniatum with glabrescent to slightly pubescent slightly angular stems. Kew Plant list, however, does not recognise it as a distinct variety, and treats S. mineatum as simple synonym of S. villosum..


These pictures clarifies my doubts regarding ID of plants growing here in Pantnagar. This species blooms in winters and spring here.



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Solanaceae Fortnight: Feb2015sk02/19: Solanum villosum Mill. : 5 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (1)

This is another common wild herb here. My earlier post


Yes …, I agree..


To me it looks like Solanum indicum (Orange fruited type).-

Berries are sweet in taste. Near roadsides & Village Habitations around Shimla.


As per Flora of British India, Solanum indicum L. is prickly undershrub, but my plant is not prickly. I am not sure if it can be Solanum indicum.



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These pics are largely recorded from district Kaithal of Haryana, but this herb is quite frequent elsewhere also, grows in dense patches, sometimes mingled with those of S. americanum Mill.
Here the berries are orange red on ripening, flowers larger, stems purple, villous..

Solanum villosum Mill.


Please also compare size and tinge of flowers of Solanum americanum Mill. (left) and Solanum villosum Mill. (right)

Attachments (1)



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This herb is surely a representative of “Solanum nigrum complex”..

Please suggest id for this, I suspect it closer to S. villosum, than any of other two, was recorded from margin of LBG, Darjeeling..


I think S. villosum subsp. mineatum.


I would like to use this thread to record what I have observed about Solanum nigrum complex around our region. I have uploaded 3 members which have been identified as villosum, nigrum and americanum. But, my nigrum species received a question mark in a personal mail and I have addressed it during last fortnight. The points of doubt were – 1) S. nigrum is uncommon species, 2) flowers after spring 3) nigrum is almost similar to villosum (?).
  • all 3 I have recorded so far are still flowering and fruiting. Flowering season depends on climatic and soil condition of a place. What month(s) suits in HP for a given species may not be same in WB, and we will have to take care of elevation too
  • description of the 3 species in FoC is similar to the pdf at bioversityinternational.pdf
  • nowhere I could find any document saying villosum fruits can be black or purple
Assuming my nigrum species has been correctly identified I would like to record my observation of this plant –
  1. S. nigrum has almost entire leaf, different looking than the villosum I have, one or two bears similarity to villosum to some extent
  2. the leaf size of well built (which has been not disturbed to grow) nigrum is rather bigger than the sizes mentioned in FoC or in pdf. Leaf at base can have lamina of more than 10 cm long.
  3. nigrum fruits here have both strongly reflexed sepals and not so recflexed ones. Usually they are reflexed
  4. on one occasion I have seen a few flowers on a plant have light purplish petals but other flowers on the same individual were white
I think my nigrum rather shows feature of Solanum scabrum Mill. or have a tendency toward it!

I didn’t find any S. villosum with entire leaf.



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Hooghly-skMAY12/13 Solanum villosum Mill. : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (4)

It is also flowering+fruiting in summer



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Flora of Madh: Solanum nigrum L. : VG-JUL-04 : 3 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (2)
Sharing some images of the flowers & the leaves of Solanum nigrum, a small herb (the photographed specimen was about 9 inches tall). Flower size is 8 – 9 mm across. Mature fruits not seen.
Strangely, S. nigrum is said to be a synonym of S. americanum in The Plant List!

Photographed in March 2015.


Beautiful pics …

And this seems to be Solanum villosum instead, neither S. nigrum nor S. americanum

which are both distinct taxa..


Many thanks … I’ll keep a watch for the fruits.



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Solanum villosum ABJUN01/14 : 14 posts by 5 authors. 5 images.
This small plant grows on the ground and on stone walls here. The fruit is a tomato-coloured small berry. I think this is Solanum villosum. Please advise.
Solanum villosumRed-fruited Nightshade
Above Mcleodganj, Dharamshala, HP
1800m
29-30 June 2016

Yes … Very good photographs.

Always nice to see.


I forgot to ask if it is safe to eat the fruit. Please advise.


Nice pics …, the berries can be safely consumed, they are good in taste…


We used to eat them in our childhood.


Thank you … I picked one after this message and it was indeed tasty.


Thank you … I will collect these more often.


Yes …, we used to eat ripe ones of both S. nigrum and S. villosum in our childhood, but not unripe green berries considered toxic.


Thank you … I will make sure to pick only the ripe ones.


all those foraging in the wild classes I have attended and lived off of in weekends has always said to learn to distinguish between the nightshades. Please learn to differentiate them. this one you are showing is indded. edible, berries when ripe.

NOT leaves. nor the unripe ones.

The one to be BEWARE of is the nightshade named but rally the
Atropa belladona:

Please look up all the guides and the internet for the distinguishing features.  FOR a quick reference.
==

just as an side…. There is a good book, i have perused it though not bought it myself called the Black nightshades

i cant find it to buy

may be better horticulture or botany libriries in INdia will have one.


Thank you …. I wouldn’t have eaten the ripe berries of this plant had … not confirmed. I will do the same with other plants.



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Re: Solanum species from Kalimpong : 3 posts by 3 authors. 2 correct images.
May I know the name of this Solanum species ?

I hope this is Solanum villosum

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Solanum villosum Mill from Assam KD 10 Mar. 2020 : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (5)- around 800 kb each.

Attached images are Solanum villosum Mill from Assam.
Date : 25.03. 2020
Location: Assam

Family : Solanaceae
Genus & species : Solanum villosum Mill
Habit :  Herb  
Fruits : colour orange 


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Solanum sp. from Assam KD 01 April 2020 : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (4)
Attached images may be Solanum villosum Mill.. Please validate.
Date :.10.01.2015
Location: Tejpur (Assam)

Family : Solanaceae
Genus & species : Solanum villosum Mil
Habitat: Grows wild on home garden
Habit :  Herb

Flower : White
Fruits : Not mature

Looks good !


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Identification required for this Solanum sp from Rajouri j and k: (mixed thread): 2 high res. images.
Habit : Herb
Date:21-05-2021


Solanum villosum Mill.


Not S.xanthocarpum now known as S. virginianum, which is densely covered with long spines
This seems S. villosum only as suggested by … Some woody stems seem to be mixed up.


.


Forwarding for identification: 2 high res. images.
Please have a look on this Solanum sp from Rajouri, j and k


Solanum diphyllum


I do not think this is S. diphyllum, …


sir is this Solanum torvum??


I don’t think so.


Looks belonging to Solanum nigrum complex, but leaves look different. May be this paper helps.


You are right …
Link


I agree with … observation.


Based on ripe fruit colour it is S. villosum


It is Solanum villosum


But leaves shape is different sir


I agree with …




Solanum sp?: 1 high res. image.
I’d requested

Location: RAJOURI JANDK
Date: 23-05-2021
Habit: Herb

Solanum diphyllum


I am doubt as per images at Solanum diphyllum


May I request you to pl. post an image showing a complete plant.


Looks different from S. diphyllum !


I agree with …


This appears close to images at Solanum villosum Mill.
May I request you to pl. post an image showing a complete plant.




Pl id sp of white flower of solanum : 4 posts by 3 authors. Attachments (1)- 1 high res. image.
Plz help in identifying solanum sp. location lonar, jalna, February


Solanaceae ?


Yes, may be some Solanum species.


Resembles Solanum villosum


Yes, appears close to images at Solanum villosum Mill., as suggested by …


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Dholpur, January 2022 :: Solanum for ID :: ARK2022-054: 4 high res. images.
This was clicked near Dholpur, Rajasthan on the banks of the Chambal river in January 2022
Requested to please ID.


As and when time permits, I will take up Solanum for comparative images, which will help in quick ids.


Solanum americanum Mill.??


I think it is more closer to the images at Solanum villosum Mill.



SK162OCT24-2016:ID : 5 posts by 3 authors. 3 correct high res. images.
Sharing some pictures for ID shot at Chitwan National Park , Nepal on 13 january 2013 at 600 ft.
Some Solanum sp. ??

Solanum species in eFloraofindia (with details/ keys from published papers/ regional floras/ FRLHT/ FOI/ Biotik/ efloras/ books etc., where ever available on net)


Lycianthes biflora (Loureiro) Bitter  ??


I do not think matches with images at Lycianthes lysimachioides


Any indication ?


To me appears close to images at Solanum villosum Mill.


POWO has mentioned distribution in Nepal but images show more hairy. COL has listed S.villosum subsp. villosum and S. villosum subsp. miniatum (Bernh. ex Wild.) Edmonds.



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Solanaceae Fortnight : Solanum For ID : Muscat : 22FEB15 : AK-15 : 2 posts by 2 authors. Attachments (3)
A plant seen growing wild on 28/9/2012.

Appears close to images at Solanum villosum Mill.


.


Kindly identify PD:004: 3 images- 1 high res.
Date: 20th April 2023
Place: Vasant Kunj, Delhi


Solanum nigrum L.


Solanum nigrum L


It is
https://efloraofindia.com/2011/03/26/solanum-villosum/
It is different from
https://efloraofindia.com/2011/03/26/solanum-nigrum/


Yes …  This plant is growing in my garden as a weed at present.


.


Regarding identification of the species collected from Bodhgaya Bihar: 3 high res. images.


Solanum villosum Mill.!


.


Plant ID request: 2 images.

Need help with this plant ID.
Bhopal. Black soil.
22/02/2024


Solanum villosum Mill.



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References: