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Drypetes assamica (Hook.f.) Pax & K.Hoffm. (India: Moist evergreen forests, primary forests, deciduous forests, subtropical forests, up to 1400 m altitude. Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Assam, Nagaland, Tripura, Mizoram, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Andaman Islands; Bhutan, Bangladesh, Thailand and Indo-China as per BSI Flora of India)
Drypetes oblongifolia (Bedd.) Airy Shaw (SW. India, Sri Lanka as per WCSP)
Drypetes venusta (Wight) Pax & K.Hoffm. (SW. India as per POWO) . . Drypetes assamica (Hook.f.) Pax & K.Hoffm. (India: Moist evergreen forests, primary forests, deciduous forests, subtropical forests, up to 1400 m altitude. Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Assam, Nagaland, Tripura, Mizoram, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Andaman Islands; Bhutan, Bangladesh, Thailand and Indo-China)
Drypetes bhattacharyae Chakrab. (India: Littoral forests to inland forests along streamsides, on sandy or clayey soil; at low altitudes. Andaman & Nicobar Islands) Drypetes confertiflora (Hook.f.) Pax & K.Hoffm. (India: Evergreen rain forests, at low altitudes, very rare. Maharashtra and Karnataka (Coorg and N. Kanara Districts)) Drypetes eglandulosa (Roxb.) Pax & K.Hoffm. (India: Very rare. Assam and Tripura) Drypetes ellisii S.P.Mathew & Chakrab. (India: Inland hill forests, at about 200 m altitude, rare. Andaman Islands) Drypetes gardneri (Thwaites) Pax & K.Hoffm. (India: Evergreen forests of southern parts of Western Ghats, at about 300 m altitude, rare. Tamil Nadu and Kerala; Sri Lanka) Drypetes indica (Müll.Arg.) Pax & K.Hoffm. (India: Primary forests or tropical forests, up to 1650 m altitude; scarce. West Bengal, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh and Meghalaya; Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, China and Taiwan) Drypetes leiocarpa (Kurz) Pax & K.Hoffm. in Engl.
Drypetes jaintensis (C.B.Clarke ex Brandis) Pax & K.Hoffm. (India: Primary forests, between 650 – 1100 m altitudes, very rare. Meghalaya) Drypetes longifolia (Blume) Pax & K.Hoffm. (India: Inland evergreen forests, sandy loam, up to 100 m altitude. Andaman & Nicobar Islands; (?)Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand and throughout Malesia)
Drypetes malabarica (Bedd.) Airy Shaw (India: Evergreen forests of southern Western Ghats, at 900 – 1500 m altitude, very rare. Kerala and Tamil Nadu (Tirunelveli District)) Drypetes microphylla (Merr.) Pax & K.Hoffm. (India: Inland forests, at sea level, common. Nicobar Islands; Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo and Philippines) Drypetes oblongifolia (Bedd.) Airy Shaw (India: Evergreen forests of Western Ghats, often along streams and riverbanks, at 200 – 1500 m altitudes, scarce. Karnataka (Coorg), Kerala and Tamil Nadu; Borneo) Drypetes porteri (Gamble) Pax & K.Hoffm. (India: Primary forests, at 600 – 1750 m altitudes, very rare. Tamil Nadu) Drypetes sepiaria (Wight & Arn.) Pax & K.Hoffm. (India: Evergreen forests, up to 1000 m altitude, common. Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu; Sri Lanka) Drypetes subsessilis (Kurz) Pax & K.Hoffm. (In moist tropical and subtropical forests, at 500 – 1200 m altitude. (?)Assam, West Bengal (Gamble 6644A in K), Orissa (Gamble 2422B in K), ?Tamil Nadu (Indira Gandhi Wild Life Sanctuary in Anamalai hills, Coimbatore Dist. – see Ayyappan & Parthasarathy, l. c.) and Andaman Islands (Parkinson 408 in K); Bhutan, Myanmar and Thailand) Drypetes sumatrana (Miq.) Pax & K.Hoffm. (India: Inland forests, at sea level, common. Nicobar Islands; Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Cambodia, Thailand and Sumatra) Drypetes ugandensis (Rendle) Hutch. (Cultivated)
Drypetes venusta (Wight) Pax & K.Hoffm. (India: Evergreen forests between 550 – 1500 m altitudes; common. Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu)
Drypetes wightii (Hook.f.) Pax & K.Hoffm. (India: Evergreen forests, between 900 – 1550 m altitudes, rare. Kerala and Tamil Nadu (noted to be very common at or near Kodaikanal))
Keys:
1 a. Styles 2 – 3 mm long 8. D. indica (India: Primary forests or tropical forests, up to 1650 m altitude; scarce. West Bengal, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh and Meghalaya; Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, China and Taiwan)
b. Styles obsolete 2 2 a. Ovary and fruits 1-locular (unknown in D. porteri); leaves usually smaller (up to 16 cm long) 3 b. Ovary and fruits 2-locular; leaves various, often larger 10 3 a. Leaves stiffly coriaceous, broadly rounded or obtuse or retuse at apex; minor nerves bullately impressed; fruits globose or fusiform, 6 – 8 mm in diam., fleshy 16. D. sepiaria (India: Evergreen forests, up to 1000 m altitude, common. Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu; Sri Lanka) b. Leaves chartaceous to thinly coriaceous, acuminate or at least narrowing towards apex; minor nerves not bullately impressed; fruits not as above 4 4 a. Leaves crenulate-serrulate or denticulate along margins 5 b. Leaves entire along margins 7 5 a. Endocarp of fruits sculptured with strong spiniform outgrowths 18. D. sumatrana (India: Inland forests, at sea level, common. Nicobar Islands; Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Cambodia, Thailand and Sumatra) b. Endocarp of fruits not sculptured 6 6 a. Fruits large, 16 – 18 x 10 – 13 mm, not flattened 1. D. andamanica (India: Semi evergreen or secondary forests, at low altitudes. Andaman Islands; Myanmar) b. Fruits small, ca 10 x 7 – 8 mm, often somewhat flattened 7. D. gardneri (India: Evergreen forests of southern parts of Western Ghats, at about 300 m altitude, rare. Tamil Nadu and Kerala; Sri Lanka) 7 a. Minor nerves of leaves finely reticulate, forming polygonal areoles, never branching into veins of higher order 8
b. Minor nerves of leaves not so finely reticulate, forming more or less squarish or rectangular areoles, often branching into veins of higher order 9 8 a. Leaves 11 – 16.5 cm long, glossy; petioles 3 – 6 mm long, pulvinate at apex, mostly geniculate 6. D. ellisii (India: Inland hill forests, at about 200 m altitude, rare. Andaman Islands) b. Leaves 5 – 9 cm long, not glossy; petioles 9 – 11 mm long, pulvinate at apex, mostly geniculate 15. D. porteri (India: Primary forests, at 600 – 1750 m altitudes, very rare. Tamil Nadu) 9 a. Lateral nerves of leaves 6 – 9 pairs; male disc entire; female pedicels 4 – 5 mm long; fruiting pedicels 10 – 12 mm long; fruits mostly ovoid to ellipsoid, 1.7 – 2 cm long 20. D. wightii (India: Evergreen forests, between 900 – 1550 m altitudes, rare. Kerala and Tamil Nadu (noted to be very common at or near Kodaikanal)) b. Lateral nerves of leaves 7 – 16 pairs; male disc lobulate; female pedicels 8 – 15 mm long; fruiting pedicels 20 – 26 mm long; fruits obovoid, 2 – 2.5 cm long 19. D. venusta (India: Evergreen forests between 550 – 1500 m altitudes; common. Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu) 10 a. Inflorescences (at least partly) cauliflorous, on old wood 11 b. Inflorescences strictly axillary, on main leafy shoots 14 11 a. Midrib on upper surface of leaves clearly channeled or impressed 11. D. longifolia (India: Inland evergreen forests, sandy loam, up to 100 m altitude. Andaman & Nicobar Islands; (?)Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand and throughout Malesia) b. Midrib on upper surface of leaves flat 12 12 a. Branchlets and leaves pubescent; leaves entire; fruits small (2 – 2.5 cm in diam.), on 10 – 12 mm long pedicels 12. D. malabarica (India: Evergreen forests of southern Western Ghats, at 900 – 1500 m altitude, very rare. Kerala and Tamil Nadu (Tirunelveli District)) b. Branchlets and leaves glabrous or glabrescent; leaves obscurely to prominently denticulate or serrulate along margins; fruits large (2.5 – 5 cm in diam.), sessile to subsessile 13 13 a. Glomerules of flowers coralliform; stamens 15 – 20; male disc shortly cupular and ribbed, with thin raised margins 4. D. confertiflora (India: Evergreen rain forests, at low altitudes, very rare. Maharashtra and Karnataka (Coorg and N. Kanara Districts)) b. Glomerules of flowers not coralliform; stamens 30 – 40; male disc disciform, not ribbed 14. D. oblongifolia (India: Evergreen forests of Western Ghats, often along streams and riverbanks, at 200 – 1500 m altitudes, scarce. Karnataka (Coorg), Kerala and Tamil Nadu; Borneo) 14 a. Leaves serrulate or denticulate along margins 15 b. Leaves entire along margins 16 15 a. Leaves 13 – 15 x 4 – 5 cm, chartaceous; midrib flat above; fruits ovoid-ellipsoid, thin-walled 9. D. jaintensis (India: Primary forests, between 650 – 1100 m altitudes, very rare. Meghalaya) b. Leaves (10-) 15 – 35 x 4.5 – 8 cm, coriaceous; midrib often slightly incised above; fruits oblong ellipsoid to globose or transverse, thick-walled 17. D. subsessilis (p. p.) (In moist tropical and subtropical forests, at 500 – 1200 m altitude. (?)Assam, West Bengal (Gamble 6644A in K), Orissa (Gamble 2422B in K), ?Tamil Nadu (Indira Gandhi Wild Life Sanctuary in Anamalai hills, Coimbatore Dist. – see Ayyappan & Parthasarathy, l. c.) and Andaman Islands (Parkinson 408 in K); Bhutan, Myanmar and Thailand) 16 a. Female and fruiting pedicels (fruits unknown in D. eglandulosa) longer, 5 – 15 mm long 17 b. Female (unknown in D. leiocarpa) and fruiting pedicels shorter, 0.5 – 5 mm long 19 17 a. Leaves larger, 7 – 28 cm long, glossy; female and fruiting pedicels 5 – 10 mm long; fruits subcubical 3. D. bhattacharyae (India: Littoral forests to inland forests along streamsides, on sandy or clayey soil; at low altitudes. Andaman & Nicobar Islands) b. Leaves smaller, 5 – 10 cm long, not glossy; female and fruiting pedicels 10 – 15 mm long; fruits not sub-cubical 18 18 a. Leaves brownish when dry; nerves and nervules prominent on the upper surface; fruits unknown (N E. India to Myanmar) 5. D. eglandulosa (India: Very rare. Assam and Tripura) b. Leaves blackish when dry; nerves and nervules obscure or faint on the upper surface; fruits globose, 1.6 – 2 cm in diam., thick-walled (Nicobar Islands) 13. D. microphylla (India: Inland forests, at sea level, common. Nicobar Islands; Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo and Philippines) 19 a. Fruits glabrous, globose 10. D. leiocarpa (India: Nicobar Islands (Kamorta Island)) b. Fruits pubescent, of various shapes 20 20 a. Leaves often obscurely serrulate; midrib often slightly incised on the upper surface; male flowers 4 – 5 mm in diam.; stamens 3 – 4; female pedicels 0 – 2.5 (-5) mm long; fruits oblongellipsoid to globose or occasionally transverse 17. D. subsessilis (p. p.) (In moist tropical and subtropical forests, at 500 – 1200 m altitude. (?)Assam, West Bengal (Gamble 6644A in K), Orissa (Gamble 2422B in K), ?Tamil Nadu (Indira Gandhi Wild Life Sanctuary in Anamalai hills, Coimbatore Dist. – see Ayyappan & Parthasarathy, l. c.) and Andaman Islands (Parkinson 408 in K); Bhutan, Myanmar and Thailand) b. Leaves always entire; midrib flat on the upper surface; male flowers ca 10 mm in diam.; stamens (6-) 8 – 15; female and fruiting pedicels 2 – 4 (-5) mm long; fruits subcubical or often transverse 2. D. assamica (India: Moist evergreen forests, primary forests, deciduous forests, subtropical forests, up to 1400 m altitude. Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Assam, Nagaland, Tripura, Mizoram, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Andaman Islands; Bhutan, Bangladesh, Thailand and Indo-China) . Species as per Flora of Peninsular India: Drypetes roxburghii syn. of Putranjiva roxburghii . Some Indian Species with description from Flora of China : . Forest Plants of Eastern India By Amal Bhusan Chaudhuri (1993- Distribution-
Drypetes assamica (Hook.f.) Pax & K.Hoffm.,
Drypetes lancifolia (Hook.f.) Pax & K.Hoffm. synonym of Drypetes indica (Müll.Arg.) Pax & K.Hoffm. &
Drypetes subsessilis (Kurz) Pax & K.Hoffm. ) . Flora of Ranga Reddi District Andhra Pradesh, India By T. Pullaiah, M. Silar Mohammed (2000)- description- . Forest trees of South India: Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry, Andhra Pradesh and neighbouring states like Maharashtra by S. G. Neginhal (2004)-
Drypetes travancorica (Bourd.) Santapau & S.K.Jain synonym of Drypetes gardneri (Thwaites) Pax & K.Hoffm.,
Drypetes malabarica (Bedd.) Airy Shaw,
Drypetes oblongifolia (Bedd.) Airy Shaw,
Drypetes porteri (Gamble) Pax & K.Hoffm., Drypetes roxburghii (Wall.) Hurus. synonym of Putranjiva roxburghii Wall.,
. Floristic Diversity and Conservation Strategies in India: Angiosperms (selested groups) and ethnobotany by V. Mudgal, P. K. Hajra (2001)-
Drypetes ellisii S.P.Mathew & Chakrab.,
. Atlas of endemics of the Western Ghats (India): distribution of tree species in the evergreen and semi-evergreen forests by B. R. Ramesh, J. P. Pascal, C. Nouguier (1997)-
Drypetes travancorica (Bourd.) Santapau & S.K.Jain synonym of Drypetes gardneri (Thwaites) Pax & K.Hoffm.,
Drypetes malabarica (Bedd.) Airy Shaw,
Drypetes oblongifolia (Bedd.) Airy Shaw,
Drypetes porteri (Gamble) Pax & K.Hoffm.,
Drypetes roxburghii (Wall.) Hurus. synonym of Putranjiva roxburghii Wall.,
Drypetes elata (Bedd.) Pax & K.Hoffm. synonym of Drypetes venusta (Wight) Pax & K.Hoffm.,
Drypetes wightii (Hook.f.) Pax & K.Hoffm.
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