 Keys from the “Bengal Plants”:
i) leaflets 4-6 jugate, quite entire ——– S. mangifera (Syn. of S. pinnata)
(ii) leaflets 6-8 jugate, crenate-serrate ——- S. dulcis
Spondias dulcis Sol. ex Parkinson (Introduced)
(Native to: Christmas I., Malaya, Maluku, Santa Cruz Is., Solomon Is.; Introduced into: Andaman Is., Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Brazil North, Brazil Southeast, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cayman Is., Central African Repu, Colombia, Cook Is., Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Fiji, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Laos, Leeward Is., Mauritius, New Caledonia, Nicaragua, Niue, Panamá, Peru, Puerto Rico, Samoa, Seychelles, Society Is., Sri Lanka, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Vietnam, Wallis-Futuna Is., Zaïre as per POWO)
Spondias pinnata (L. f.) Kurz (China (S-Yunnan, S-Guangxi, Hainan), Cambodia, India (Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu), Bangladesh, Sikkim, Pakistan (Salt Range, Pakistani Punjab), Myanmar [Burma], Philippines (Luzon, Catanduanes, Mindoro, Culion, Panay, Mindanao), Vietnam, Laos, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Java, Taiwan (I), trop. Africa (I), peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Langkawi Isl.), Micronesia (I) (Pohnpei (I)), Palau Isl. (I) (Babeldaob (I), Koror (I), Ngarakabesang (I)), Oman (Mascat & Oman), Andaman Isl. (North Andaman Isl., Middle Andaman Isl., South Andaman Isl., Little Andaman Isl.), Nicobar Isl. (Central Nicobar Isl.), Nepal as per Catalogue of life)
As per efi page : Differences:
From
Species with description &
Spondias pinnata (L. f.) Kurz.
The Cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia …, Volume 5 By Edward Balfour (1873)- Details-
Spondias acuminata Roxb. is a synonym of Spondias pinnata
The Encyclopedia of Fruit and Nuts edited by Jules Janick, Robert E. Paull (2008)- Great details-
Mansfeld’s Encyclopedia of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: (Except … edited by Peter Hanelt, Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, W. Kilian (2001)- Details-
Spondias cytherea Sonn. = Spondias dulcis
World Spice Plants: Economic Usage, Botany, Taxonomy By Johannes Seidemann (2005)- details-
Spondias amara Lam. = Spondias pinnata
Minor Fruit Crops of India: Tropical and Subtropical By Bibhas Chandra Mazumdar (2004)- Details-
Flora of Davanagere District, Karnataka, India By B. K. Manjunatha, V. Krishna, T. Pullaiah (2004)- Details-
Flora of Eastern Ghats: Hill Ranges of South East India, Volume 1 By T. Pullaiah, D. Muralidhara Rao, K. Sri Ramamurthy (2002)- Details-
Postharvest Biology and Technology of Tropical and Subtropical Fruits … edited by E Yahia (2011)- Great details-
Biodiversity in India, Volume 4 edited by T. Pullaiah (2006)- Details-
Encyclopaedia of world medicinal plants, Volume 1 By T. Pullaiah (2006)- Details-
Spondias cytherea Sonn. = Spondias dulcis
Forest Plants of Eastern India By Amal Bhusan Chaudhuri (1983)- Details-
Ayurvedic Drugs and Their Plant Sources By V. V. Sivarajan, Indira Balachandran (1994)- Details-
Spondias (Anacardiaceae) : 1 post by 1 author.
I have updated eFI (efloraofindia) page on Spondias (Pl. click this link in blue colour to see the details). Attempts have been made to incorporate most of the species available in India & nearby areas with details & keys directly or through links as far as possible. It’s quite possible that there may be some discrepancy in the accepted names & synonyms taken from other links. Species discussed so far in efloraofindia are given at the bottom of the page in the form of links against Subpages. On clicking them one can see all the details. If someone can provide complete list of Indian species with source references it will be wonderful. Any comments/ corrections are welcome. All lit. (Hooker, Roxburgh, Prain, Haines) I have and FoC + FoP infrom – Spondias have imparipinnate leaves. So does ‘anacardiaceae.org‘.
eFI also seems to echo that, except the one where Raman Ji informs Spondias bipinnata has paripinnate leaves. KEW herbarium http://apps.kew.org/herbcat/getImage.do?imageBarcode=K000894999 shows imparipinnate leaves.
Can anybody help with info from latest lit.?
Spondias (Anacardiaceae) page with images of species in efloraofindia : 1 post by 1 author.
Pl. go through Spondias (Anacardiaceae) page with images of species (done by me) in efloraofindia. If you find any mis-identification, pl. let us know. If anybody can send images of other species of this genera (for incorporation in the website), if any, it will be really nice. Also, if anybody is interested to take up the activity of inserting images on efloraofindia pages from efloraofindia posts, pl. let us know. |
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