Gymnema

Gymnema cuspidatum (Thunb.) Kuntze (Images by Anurag N Sharma (Id by Shrikant Ingalhalikar) (Inserted by J.M.Garg) (For more photos & complete details, click on the links))

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Gymnema decaisneanum Wight ?

              

Gymnema inodorum (Lour.) Decne. (Indian Subcontinent to S. China and Philippines: Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, Borneo, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Hainan, India, Jawa, Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya as per POWO)

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Gymnema latifolium Wall. ex Wight

(Images by Mangala Borkar  (Inserted by J.M.Garg) (For more photos & complete details, click on the links))

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Gymnema napalense Wall. (Himalaya to S. China: Assam, Bangladesh, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Hainan, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Tibet, Vietnam, West Himalaya as per POWO)

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Gymnema species in India (Link & Distribution as per BSI Flora of India Vol. 2):

  1. Gymnema acuminatum Wall. (Assam, Meghalaya, West Bengal)
  2. G. alterniflorum (Lour.) Merr. [synonym for Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) Schult.]
  3. G. cuspidatum (Thunb.) Kuntze (Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra)
  4. G. elegans Wight & Arn. (Kerala, Tamil Nadu)
  5. G. indicum (M.A.Rahman & Wilcock) Kartik. & Moorthy (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu)
  6. G. inodorum (Lour.) Decne. (Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Karnataka, Odisha, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, West Bengal)
  7. G. khandalense Santapau syn. Gymnema latifolium Wall. ex Wight
  8. G. kollimalayanum A.Ramach. & M.B.Viswan. syn. Gymnema latifolium Wall. ex Wight
  9. G. lactiferum (L.) R.Br. ex Schult. (S. India and Assam to W. Malesia as per POWO)
  10. G. latifolium Wall. ex Wight (Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Assam, Goa, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu)
  11. G. lushaiense M.A.Rahman & Wilcock (Assam, Mizoram)
  12. G. macranthum Hook.f. (Sikkim, West Bengal)
  13. G. mohanramii Karthik. & Moorthy (syn. of G. decaisneanum Wight (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal) as per POWO)
  14. G. montanum (Roxb.) Hook.f. (Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu)
  15. G. sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Schult. (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal)

References

  1. Karthikeyan, S., Sanjappa, M. and Moorthy, S. 2009. Flowering Plants of India, Dicotyledons, vol-I (Acanthaceae- Avicenniaceae). Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata. pp. 170-171.
  2. eFI page
  3.  BSI Flora of India Vol. 2

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A new species of Gymnema (Asclepiadaceae) from the Kollihills in Peninsular India– Ramachandran A. & Viswanathan M. B. 2009. — A new species of Gymnema (Asclepiadaceae) from the Kollihills in Peninsular India. Adansonia, sér. 3, 31 (2): 407-411.
ABSTRACT A new species of Asclepiadaceae, Gymnema kollimalayanum A. Ramachandran & M.B. Viswan., sp. nov. is described here from the Kollihills in the Eastern Ghats of Peninsular India. This species is allied to G. hirsutum Wight & Arn. by habit, woody stems, milky latex, umbellate cymose inflorescence, 5-merous flowers, calyx, corolla, anthers, follicles and comose seeds but differs by size and shape of leaves being elliptic or elliptic-rotund, subtruncate at base, abruptly acute at apex, longer petioles, arrangement of flowers, longer pedicels, shape and size of calyx, corolla, larger size of follicles, seeds and coma.

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Binomial Habit Notes Ref. Distrib.
Gymnema
alterniflorum (Lour.) Merr. [synonym for Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) Schult.]		 Climber Western Ghats,
Deciduous Forests		 Flora of Tamil
Nadu, VOL. II, 1987		 Madurai
Gymnema elegans Wight & Arn. Climber Dry
Evergreen to Dry Deciduous Forests		 Flora
of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987; Gamble 1957		 Salem,
Tirunelveli
Gymnema hirsutum Wight & Arn. (syn. of G. decaisneanum Wight as per POWO) Climber Western
Ghats, Evergreen Forests		 Flora
of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987		 Coimbatore,
Nilgiri, Theni
Gymnema lactiferum (L.) R. Br. ex. Schult. Straggler Dry
Evergreen to Dry Deciduous Forests		 Matthew,
1999		 Dindigul
Gymnema montanum (Roxb.) Hook.f. var. beddomei Hook.f. Creeper Western
Ghats, Evergreen Forests		 Gamble,
1957		 Coimbatore
Gymnema montanum (Roxb.) Hook.f. var. montanum Creeper Western
Ghats, Dry Deciduous Forests		 Flora
of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987		 Coimbatore,
Nilgiri, Theni
Gymnema montanum (Roxb.) Hook.f. var. pubiflora Hook.f. synonym for Gymnema indicum (M. A. Rahman & Wilcock) Karthik. & Moorthy Creeper Western
Ghats, Evergreen Forests		 Flora
of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987; Hook.f. 1883		 Nilgiri
Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Schultes Climber Dry
Evergreen to Dry Deciduous Forests		 Flora
of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987		 All
districts
Gymnema tingens (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. (syn. of Gymnema inodorum (Lour.) Decne. as per POWO) Climber Western
Ghats, Evergreen Forests		 Flora
of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987		 Coimbatore
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Botanical name Family Common name
Gymnema sylvestre Asclepiadaceae Gurmar

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Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R. Br. ex Schult. (Nepal (W); China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Vietnam; Africa)
Gymnema tingens (Roxb.) Spreng. (Subtropical Himalaya (Kumaun to Sikkim), Assam, W. & S. China) (syn. of Gymnema inodorum (Lour.) Decne. as per POWO)

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Gymnema inodorum (Loureiro) Decaisne in A. de Candolle [India, Nepal, Philippines, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam] 
Gymnema latifolium Wallich ex Wight [India, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam]
Gymnema sylvestre (Retzius) Schultes in Roemer & Schultes  [India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Vietnam; Africa]

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Antidiabetic Plants in India and Herbal Based Antidiabetic Research By T. Pullaiah, K. Chandrasekhar Naidu (2003)- Details-
Gymnema sylvestre

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Indigenous Drugs Of India By Chopra R N, I.C. Chopra (1933)- Details-
Gymnema sylvestre

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1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants By Kerry Scott Walter, Harriet J. Gillett, World Conservation Monitoring Centre-
Gymnema elegans Wight & Arn.– Rare- Tamilnadu
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Gymnema tingens (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. (syn. of Gymnema inodorum (Lour.) Decne. as per POWO)
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Encyclopaedia of World Medicinal Plants, Volume 1 By T. Pullaiah (2006)- Details-

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An Excursion Flora of Central Tamilnadu, India By K. M. Matthew (1995)- Details with keys–
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Flora of Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India By T. Pullaiah (2000)- Details-
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World Spice Plants: Economic Usage, Botany, Taxonomy By Johannes Seidemann (2005)- Details-
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Flora of Davanagere District, Karnataka, India By B. K. Manjunatha, V. Krishna, T. Pullaiah (2004)- Details-
Gymnema sylvestre

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Flora of Medak District, Andhra Pradesh, India By T. Pullaiah, Chintala Prabhakar, B. Ravi Prasad Rao (1998)- Details-
Gymnema sylvestre

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Gymnema acuminatum Wall. (East Bengal) 
Gymnema hirsutum Wight & Arn. (syn. of G. decaisneanum Wight as per POWO)
Gymnema pergularioides (Thwaites) Hook.f. synonym for Gymnema cuspidatum (Thunb.) Kuntze
Gymnema thomsonii Hook.f. synonym for Gongronema thomsonii (Hook. fil.) K. M. Matthew
Gymnema tingens (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. (syn. of Gymnema inodorum (Lour.) Decne. as per POWO)
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Gymnema ‎(Apocynaceae) : 2 posts by 1 author.

I have updated eFI (efloraofindia) page on Gymnema (Pl. click).

Attempts have been made to incorporate most of the species available in India & nearby areas with details & keys directly or through links as far as possible. It’s quite possible that there may be some discrepancy in the accepted names & synonyms taken from other links.

Species discussed so far in efloraofindia are given at the bottom of the page in the form of links against Subpages. On clicking them one can see all the details.

If someone can provide complete list of Indian species with source references it will be wonderful.

Any comments/ corrections are welcome.

I have added the list of species.

Thanks, … Now list should be complete.

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Pl. go through Gymnema (‎‎Apocynaceae) page with images of species (done by me) in efloraofindia.

If you find any mis-identification, pl. let us know. If anybody can send images of other species of this genera (for incorporation in the website), if any, it will be really nice.

Also, if anybody is interested to take up the activity of inserting images on efloraofindia pages from efloraofindia posts, pl. let us know.