Indigofera arrecta Hochst. ex A.Rich. (India (I): Arunachal Pradesh; Bihar; Karnataka; Orissa; Uttar Pradesh; West Bengal and other countries as per ILDIS) (Indigofera arrecta is a East African species introduced into India and cultivated largely in British times as its other major source of commercial Indigo along with Indigofera tinctoria. Both these species are very closely related however I. arrecta can be distinguished based on characters having comparitively more number of leaflets, grooved branches, much taller plants (7-8 feets), longer racemes (upto 4cm) and ferrugino-pubescent calyx and standard petal/banner.) Indigofera coerulea var. monosperma (Santapau) Santapau (India (N): Gujarat; Rajasthan as per ILDIS) Indigofera cylindracea Baker ? (Himalaya to Tibet and N. Indo-China: Assam, East Himalaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Tibet, West Himalaya as per POWO)
Indigofera is a big genus in India and thoroughly studies by Dr M.Sanjappa. I have compiled the list of species based on Sanjappa (1995), Chauhan et al. 2013 and The Plant List 2013.
It may be incorporated in eFI database. Indigofera species in India:
Indigofera angulosa Edgew.
Indigofera argentea Burm.f. Indigofera arrecta A.Rich. Indigofera aspalathoides DC. Indigofera astragalina DC. Indigofera atropurpurea Hornem. Indigofera barberi Gamble Indigofera bracteata Baker [var. bracteata, var. khasiana Sanjappa] Indigofera cassioides DC. Indigofera cedrorum Dunn Indigofera coerulea Roxb. [var. coerulea, var. monosperma (Santapau) Santapau] Indigofera colutea (Burm.f.) Merr. Indigofera constricta (Thwaites) Trimen Indigofera cordifolia Roth Indigofera cylindracea Baker Indigofera dalzellii T.Cooke Indigofera deccanensis Sanjappa Indigofera dosua D.Don [var. dosua, var. simlensis (Ali) Sanjappa] Indigofera emmae de Kort & Thijsse Indigofera exilis Grierson & D.G.Long Indigofera galegoides DC. Indigofera gangetica Sanjappa Indigofera glabra L. Indigofera glandulosa Wendl. [var. glandulosa, var. sykesii Griffith ex Baker] Indigofera hamiltonii Duthie & Prain Indigofera habepetala Baker [var. habepetala, var. glabra Ali] Indigofera heterantha Brandis Indigofera himachalensis V.Chauhan & A.K.Pandey Indigofera himalayensis Ali Indigofera hirsuta L. Indigofera hochstetteri Baker Indigofera karnatakana Sanjappa Indigofera karuppiana Pallith. Indigofera lacei Craib Indigofera linifolia (L.f.) Retz. Indigofera linnaei Ali Indigofera longiracemosa Baill. Indigofera mysorensis DC. Indigofera nigrescens King & Prain Indigofera nummulariifolia (L.) Alston Indigofera oblongifolia Forssk. Indigofera parviflora F.Heyne ex Hook. & Arn. is a synonym of Indigastrum parviflorum (Wight & Arn.) Schrire Indigofera pedicellata Wight & Arn. Indigofera prostrata Willd. Indigofera pseudoreticulata Grierson & D.G.Long Indigofera santapaui Sanjappa Indigofera sesquipedalis Sanjappa Indigofera sessiliflora DC. Indigofera silvestrii Pamp. [var. silvestrii, var. alii Sanjappa] Indigofera spicata Forssk. (Indigofera hendecaphylla Jacq. In all Indian Floras this species is inadvertently treated as Indigofera spicata Forssk. as per efi thread) Indigofera stachyodes Lindl. Indigofera suffruticosa Mill. Indigofera thothathri Sanjappa Indigofera tinctoria L. Indigofera tirunelvelica Sanjappa Indigofera trifoliata L. [var. trifoliata, var. duthiei (Drumm. ex Naik) Sanjappa] Indigofera trita L. [var. trita, var. maffeii (Chiov.) Ali, var. marginulata (Graham ex Wight & Arn.) Sanjappa, var. purandharensis Sanjappa, var. scabra (Roth) Ali] Indigofera uniflora Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb. Indigofera vicioides Jaub. & Spach Indigofera wightii Wight & Arn. Indigofera zollingeriana Miq. References:
1. Chauhan,V., Pandey, A.K. and Schaefer, H. 2013. Indigofera himachalensis (Fabaceae: Indigofereae), a new species from Himachal Pradesh. Phytotaxa 112(2): 43-49. Sanjappa, M. 1992.
2. Legumes of India. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun. P.338. 3. Sanjappa, M. 1995. Indigoferae. In; Hajra, P.K., Sashtry, A.R.K. and Sanjappa, M. (eds.) Fascicle of Flora of India Fascicle 21. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta. pp. 1-167. .
A revision of trifoliolate Indigofera (Tribe Indigofereae: Fabaceae) in India – Vibha Chauhan, Arun Pandey – Phytotaxa Vol 220, No 1 (2015) Abstract– A revision of trifoliolate Indigofera in India is provided based on field studies, and examination of herbarium specimens. In India, 11 species and 4 varieties of trifoliolate Indigofera are recognized:
Indigofera barberi,
I. deccanensis,
I. glandulosa,
I. glandulosa var. sykesii,
I. karuppiana,
I. pedicellata,
I. prostrata,
I. santapaui,
I. thothathrii,
I. tirunelvelica,
I. trifoliata,
I. trifoliata var. duthiei,
I. trita,
I. trita var. maffeii and
I. trita var. purandharensis. Of 11 species, seven species and three varieties are endemic. A key to the species, description and illustrations are provided along with data on flowering and fruiting, distribution, habitat, chromosome number, and ethnobotanical uses. . Key to Indigofera species from BSI publication : 1 post by 1 author. Attachments (3).
Please find attached copy of Key to Indigofera species from BSI publication. Maybe of use. .
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Species with description & pictures in Flowers of India as on 11.2.14:
. Species with description & keys from Flora of Pakistan (Distribution) :
Indigofera argentea (Pakistan (Sind, Punjab, Baluchistan); Persia; Arabia; Egypt; Sudan; Somalia; Ethiopia; Libya; Sudan)
Indigofera astragalina (Pakistan (Punjab); India; Ceylon; Burma; Indochina; China, (Hainan); Australia; New Guinea; Tropical Africa; Madagascar; S. Africa; intro¬duced in West Indies)
Indigofera atropurpurea (Pakistan, (Punjab; Kashmir); India; Nepal; China, E.Himalayas)
Indigofera caerulea var. caerulea (Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan); India; Arabia, Eritrea; Somali Republic; Sudan)
Indigofera cassioides (Pakistan (Punjab; Kashmir); India; Burma; China; Siam; Indochina)
Indigofera colutea (Pakistan, (Punjab); Afghanistan; India; Ceylon; Indonesia; Australia, New Zealand; Yemen; throughout Tropical Africa extending to S. Africa)
Indigofera cordifolia (Pakistan (Sind, Punjab, Baluchistan); Afghanistan; India; Indonesia (Timor) ; Australia (N. Australia); Ethiopia; Eritrea; Sudan; W. Tropical Africa)
Indigofera hamiltonii (Kashmir, India (Behar to E. Punjab), expected in Pakistan (Punjab) also)
Indigofera hebepetala var. glabra (Pakistan, (Punjab); India; Sikkim)
Indigofera hebepetala var. hebepetala (Pakistan (Punjab, N.W.F. Province); Kashmir; India; Sikkim)
Indigofera heterantha var. gerardiana = Indigofera heterantha Wall. ex Brandis
Indigofera heterantha var. heterantha (Pakistan (N.W.F. Province, Punjab; Kashmir); India; Nepal, Bhutan; Sikkim; China; Afghanistan)
Indigofera himalayensis (Kashmir; India, E.Punjab)
Indigofera hochstetteri (Pakistan (Sind, Punjab); Afghanistan; India; Arabia; Somali Republic ;Ethiopia ; Eritrea ; Sudan ; Nigeria ; Kenya ; Uganda; Tanganyika; Congo)
Indigofera linifolia (Pakistan (Sind, Punjab); Azad Kashmir; Bangla Desh; India; Afghanistan; Ceylon; Burma; Indochina; Siam; Indonesia; New Guinea; Australia; China; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Sudan)
Indigofera linnaei (Pakistan (Punjab); India; Ceylon; Burma, Siam, Indochina, Indonesia; Australia)
Indigofera oblongifolia (Pakistan, (Sind, Baluchistan, Punjab); India, Uttar Pradesh; Ceylon; Java; Jordan; Yemen; Hejaz; Bahrein; Socotra; Eritrea; Somaliland; Egypt; Sudan; Senegal; Angola; Nigeria)
Indigofera sessiliflora (Pakistan, (Sind, Punjab); Arabia; Eritrea; Sudan; Nigeria, Senegal)
Indigofera tenuifolia (In the past this name has been erroneously used to refer to Indigofera karnatakana Sanjappa) (Pakistan (Sind); India; Ceylon)
Indigofera tinctoria (Pakistan (Punjab, Sind); India; Ceylon; Burma; Indonesia; Philippines; Siam; Indo China; Malaya; Tropical Africa; introduced in Tropical America)
Indigofera trifoliata (Pakistan (Punjab); Kashmir; Bangla Desh; India; Nepal; Ceylon; Burma; Indochina; Indonesia; Philippines, New Guinea; China; Australia)
Indigofera trita var. maffei (Pakistan (Punjab); India; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Kenya; Tanganyika; Mozambique; Sudan; Somali Republic)
Indigofera trita var. trita (Pakistan; India; Burma; Ceylon; Australia; Indonesia)
. Indigofera atropurpurea (Himalaya (Kashmir to Bhutan), India, China)
Indigofera bracteata (Himalaya (Nepal, Sikkim), Khasia)
Indigofera constricta (Nepal: doubtful)
Indigofera cylindracea (Himalaya (Kumaun to Nepal))
Indigofera dosua var. dosua (Himalaya (Punjab to Bhutan), India)
Indigofera dosua var. tomentosa (Himalaya (Nepal to Bhutan), Khasia, Burma, Thailand, W. China) is a synonym of Indigofera stachyodes Lindl.
Indigofera hebepetala forma glabra (Himalaya (Chitral to Bhutan))
Indigofera hebepetala forma hebepetala (Himalaya (Kashmir to Sikkim))
Indigofera heterantha (Arghanistan, Himalaya (Chitral to Bhutan), Khasia, China)
Indigofera linifolia (Africa, W. Asia, Himalaya (Kashmir to Nepal, Bhutan), India, Ceylon, S.E. Asia, Malaysia, Australia, China)
Indigofera trifoliata var. nepalensis (E. Nepal)
Indigofera trifoliata var. trifoliata (Himalaya (Kashmir to Bhutan), India, Ceylon, S.E. Asia, China, Japan, Malaysia, Australia) .
Some species found in India with description & keys from Flora of China (Distribution other than China) :
Indigofera atropurpurea [Bhutan, India, Kashmir, Myanmar, Nepal, Vietnam].
Indigofera bracteata [?Bhutan, India, Kashmir, Nepal].
Indigofera caloneura [India, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
Indigofera cassioides [Bhutan, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
Indigofera cordifolia [Afghanistan, India, Indonesia, Pakistan; NE Africa, SW Asia, N Australia].
Indigofera cylindracea [Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal].
Indigofera dosua [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
Indigofera galegoides [Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
Indigofera hamiltonii [India].
Indigofera hebepetala var. glabra [Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan].
Indigofera hendecaphylla [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Laos, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
Indigofera heterantha [Afghanistan, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka; Africa].
Indigofera hirsuta [Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, N Australia, Pacific islands].
Indigofera lacei [India, Myanmar, Thailand].
Indigofera linifolia [Afghanistan, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Kashmir, Laos, Myanmar, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Australia].
Indigofera linnaei [India, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia].
Indigofera nigrescens [India, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, S Vietnam].
Indigofera nummulariifolia [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, S Vietnam; Africa, N Australia, Madagascar].
Indigofera pedicellata [India].
Indigofera stachyodes [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
Indigofera suffruticosa [native to tropical America; widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical Asia].
Indigofera trifoliata var. trifoliata [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, S Japan, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; N Australia].
Indigofera wightii [Cambodia, India, Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam]. .
Flora of Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India – (2000)- Description & Keys– Indigofera parviflora is a synonym of Indigastrum parviflorum (Wight & Arn.) Schrire
Indigofera prostrata,
. Indigofera barberi Gamble – R- Andhra Pradesh & Tamilnadu
Indigofera caerulea var. monosperma- R- Rajasthan & Gujrat
Indigofera cedrorum Dunn- I- Himachal & J&K
Indigofera constricta (Thwaites) Trimen– R- Karnataka & Kerala & Sri Lanka
Indigofera simlensis Ali is a synonym of Indigofera dosua var. simlensis (Ali) Sanjappa– I- Himachal
. Flora of Ranga Reddi District Andhra Pradesh, India By T. Pullaiah, M. Silar Mohammed (2000)- Details with Keys–
. Flora of Medak District, Andhra Pradesh, India By T. Pullaiah, Chintala Prabhakar, B. Ravi Prasad Rao (1998)- Details with keys–
. Flora of Davanagere District, Karnataka, India By B. K. Manjunatha, V. Krishna, T. Pullaiah (2004)- Details with keys– Indigofera : 1 post by 1 author. I have updated eFI (efloraofindia) page on Indigofera Attempts have been made to incorporate most of the species available in India & nearby areas with details & keys directly or through links as far as possible. It’s quite possible that there may be some discrepancy in the accepted names & synonyms taken from other links. Species discussed so far in efloraofindia are given at the bottom of the page in the form of links against Subpages. On clicking them one can see all the details. If someone can provide complete list of Indian species with source references it will be wonderful. Any comments/ corrections are welcome. .
Indigofera Week from 23.11.15 to 29.11.15 on experimental basis : 10 posts by 4 authors
I am starting Indigofera Week at efloraofindia from 23.11.15 to 29.11.15 on experimental basis in a new way. I will request members to help me in the completion of insertion of images of all the species of Indigofera already posted on efi on species pages. We will then put these on genera pages for comparison so that members can compare their images, initiate the discussions to find out the mistakes, correct them, help in the identification of unidentified species etc..
Members are also welcome to add any new Indigofera species which is already not their in efi site, if they have any photographs.
I shall also request the Experts to pl. help us in this process. This is a nice idea however I once again remind you to advise members on avoiding multiple images and also on posting only those images that show key characters of that genus. Experts can list these characters appearing in the dichotomous keys given in the floras. This will facilitate members to id species easily. Insertion of images at species pages of Indigofera completed (except unidentified species) Thanks for the info Sir, should i start working on genus page? Yeah, That will be nice. done, thank you I have added the list of species in India based on Sanjappa 1995 (mainly). .
Indigofera page with images of species in efloraofindia- Indigofera Week from 23.11.15 to 29.11.15 : 7 posts by 3 authors.
Pl. go through Indigofera page with images of species in efloraofindia (mainly done by me & …).
Pl. initiate the discussions to find out the mistakes, suggest correct Id if you know, help in the identification of unidentified species etc.. They are also requested to go through their posted threads & see if there is any wrong identification etc.
Members are also welcome to add any new Indigofera species which is already not their in efi site, if they have any photographs.
… will add species found in India from reliable sources in due course. If somebody can help in this, it will be really nice.
If somebody has ‘A revision of trifoliolate Indigofera (Tribe Indigofereae: Fabaceae) in India – Vibha Chauhan, Arun Pandey – Phytotaxa Vol 220, No 1 (2015)’ & provide a copy for private use, it may help us in sorting out some contentious species.
I shall also request the experts to pl. help us in this process.
Hope Indigofera Week from 23.11.15 to 29.11.15 becomes fruitful. Seeing the abstract of the paper you have mentioned, I feel that it agrees to the earlier information by Sanjappa (1995) which is a fine document describing all species of Indigofera in India. I have prepared the list of species and posted it to the group. Dr Sanjappa has also give quality diagrams of all these species. I am a bit surprised that B.S.I. have not made it online in efloraindia. Yes, I am aware of the publication on Indigofera by Dr. Sanjappa. He is now editing the Volumes 6 and 7 of Flora of India containing the Legumes and I am sure that BSI will publish these volumes in near future. So far as I know, BSI wants to put all its published documents online as a policy matter. It requires some time to retrieve them. Thank you for informing about the future plans of BSI. Everything will be free in the website bsi.gov.in Yes Sir ! I have been tracking the changes in BSI and very happy that they are opening their treasure of information to all interested in flora of India. We all want that the Flora of India Project is completed. It will be a great moment for us to see that the new generation of scientists of the dept. take up the responsibility and complete this project as early as possible. I am proud that I learned taxonomy from a very able scientist of this dept., Dr. N. P. Balakrishnan. The Second photo in Indigofera glandulosa and the First photo in Indigofera trifoliata appears to be similar. Pl. have look
Thanks, …, for pointing out. These belong to two different threads by … & …:
I request them to have a look at these & correctly identify them (particularly from the paper on trifoliate Indigofera species sent by Arun Pandey ji) Very important feedback from … Need to look deeper into it. . Indigofera species in India : 5 posts by 3 authors.
Indigofera is a big genus in India and thoroughly studies by Dr M.Sanjappa. I have compiled the list of species based on Sanjappa (1995), Chauhan et al. 2013 and The Plant List 2013.
It may be incorporated in eFI database.
………………… Thanks for this compilation. Where can we get compilation of images along with species? 28 species are in eFI itself as images. I have made certain changes in Indigofera page regarding the species found in India. Pl. see if it’s all right. Thank you for compiling the list of Indigofera species, … Can you send me the paper on “Indigofera himachalensis” by Chauhan and Pandey. I am not able to download it from anywhere as do not have access. I. himachalensis V.Chauhan & A.K.Pandey and I. himalayensis Ali have not been included in the list at efloraofindia. . Indigofera (Fabaceae (Leguminosae)) page with images of species in efloraofindia : 1 post by 1 author.
Pl. go through Indigofera (Fabaceae (Leguminosae)) page with images of species in efloraofindia. If you find any incorrect identification, pl. let us know. If anybody can send images of other species of this genera (for incorporation in the website), if any, or can identify unidentified images, it will be really nice. |