MENISPERMACEAE: (Reported from India:  20 genera, 44 species; Represented on efi. 14 genera and 22 species, including 1 from outside India as on 7.7.20) (Compiled by Dr. Gurcharan Singh)
1. Albertisia: mecitophylla.
2. Anamirta: cocculus.
3. Aspidocarya: uvifera.
4. Cissampelos: pareira var. hirsuta.
5. Cocculus: hirsutus, laurifolius, orbiculatus, pendulus, prainianus.
6. Coscinium: fenestratum.
7. Cyclea: barbata, bicristata, debiliflora, fissicalyx, meeboldii, peltata, pendulina, wattii.
8. Diploclisia: glaucescens.
9. Eleutharrhena: macrocarpa.
10. Fibraurea: tinctoria.
11. Haematocarpus: validus.
12.
Hypserpa: nitida.
13. Menispermum: canadense (USA).
14. Pachygone: ovata.
15. Parabaena: sagittata.
16. Pericampylus: glaucus.
17. Pycnarrhena: lucida, pleniflora.
18. Stephania: andamanica, elegans, glandulifera, gracilenta, japonica, japonica var. discolor,  rotunda (syn glabra), venosa, wightii.
19. Tiliacora: acuminata, triandra.
20. Tinomiscium: petiolare.
21. Tinospora: cordiflora, crispa, glabra, sinensis.

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Comparative images of this family except genus: Stephania, are given below:


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Images by tspkumar

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Genera of Menispermaceae present in India
[2]

1. Albertisia
2. Anamirta
3. Apsidocarya
4. Cissampelos
5. Cocculus
6. Coscinium
7. Cyclea
8. Diploclisia
9. Eleutharrhena
10. Fibraurea
11. Haematocarpus
12. Hypserpa
13. Pachygone
14. Parabaena
15. Pericampylus
16. Pycnarrhena
17. Stephania
18. Tiliacora
19. Tinomiscium
20. Tinospora 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Photo guide to selected taxa of Menispermaceae (Click on the botanical name to see the original message/s posted on efloraofindia forum)

 

 Anamirta cocculus  Cissampelos pareira  var. hirsuta (male)
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Cocculus hirsutus
 

 

 

 Cocculus pendulus  Coscinium fenestratum  Coscinium fenestratum
 

 

 

 

 

 

 Cyclea burmanni  Cyclea burmanni  Cyclea peltata
 Diploclisia glaucescens  Diploclisia glaucescens  Parabaena sagittata
 

Stephania gracilenta
 

 

 

 

 

 

 Stephania gracilenta  Stephania japonica
var. discolor
 Stephania japonica
var. japonica
 

 

 

 

 Tiliacora acuminata  Tiliacora acuminata  Tinospora cordifolia
 

 

 

 

 

tinospora sinensis_3

 

 Tinospora cordifolia  Tinospora crispa  Tinospora sinensis

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

References
1. Hooker, J. D. (1885) Flora of British India. Vol. 1. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.
2. Pramanik, A. & Gangopadhyay, M. (1993) Menispermaceae. In: Sharma, B.D. et al. (eds) Flora of India, Botanical Survey of India. Vol. 1. Deep Printers, New Delhi.


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Photo guide to Menispermaceae : 20 posts by 8 authors.
I have now incorporated the draft photo guide in the eFI website. Please check /species/m—z/m/menispermaceae?pli=1
As … pointed out, the pictures are of different sizes causing the non uniformity in the layout. I am also not sure how to update this, maintaining the a-z arrangement, when we have additional taxa in the database.
I am however sure that this idea will evolve with inputs from you all before reaching an user-friendly eFlora of India.

Yes I am also able to see these thumbnails. Though due to slow speed of our broad band these loads slowly.


…, is there a way to see whether or not the page size has increased after adding the thumbnails? If increased, how much?


On right clicking on the page & clicking on properties, I find size of this page as 137913 bytes (i.e. 137 KB).
Size of home page is 122013 bytes (i.e. 122 KB).
I find the size of other pages in the same range


Thanks … for the quick response. I guess the size difference is not too much!


It works fine with me both in Windows 7 and Windows 8, I prefer Chrome being lighter and faster.
Clicking image opens bigger image, clicking name takes us to eFi thread
Excellent concept, which I had also though for a common listing page.


I had compiled the general features of Menispermaceae but couldn’t post it at the beginning of this episode. Thanks to … for taking care of this. Here are some additional details:
General features of Menispermaceae (moonseed family)

The family Menispermaceae comprises 73 genera and about 320 species, distributed in all of the tropical and subtropical regions of Americas, Asia and Africa. Different publications quote different number of species ranging from 300 to 520. In India, the family is represented by 20 genera and 43 species.

List of genera present in India:

1. Albertisia

2. Anamirta

3. Apsidocarya

4. Cissampelos

5. Cocculus

6. Coscinium

7. Cyclea

8. Diploclisia

9. Eleutharrhena

10. Fibraurea

11. Haematocarpus

12. Hypserpa

13. Pachygone

14. Parabaena

15. Pericampylus

16. Pycnarrhena

17. Stephania

18. Tiliacora

19. Tinomiscium

20. Tinospora

List of genera so far discussed in eFI:

1. Anamirta

2. Cissampelos

3. Cocculus

4. Coscinium

5. Cyclea

6. Diploclisia

7. Pachygone

8. Parabaena

9. Stephania

10. Tiliacora

11. Tinospora


General description of Menispermaceae (moonseed family)
Habit: Usually climbers, twiners or scandent shrubs.
Leaves: Simple, alternate, entire or lobed, palmi-nerved, exstipulate. Leaves are typically more or less subpeltate, with the insertion of the petiole being scarcely in from the margin of the lamina, but a few taxa are strongly peltate. The petiole is pulvinate at both ends.
Flowers: Small, solitary or in fascicles/cymes/racemes, dioecious; sepals usually 6, free, in 2-4 series; petals 6 (rarely absent), free or connate. Male flowers: stamens usually one opposite each petal; anthers 2-celled. Female flowers: staminodes 6 or 0; ovaries usually 3 (rarely 1 or 6-12); style terminal, simple or divided; ovules usually solitary.
Fruits: Drupes, with the style-scar subterminal or subbasal.
Seeds: Usually hooked or reniform, often curved round an intrusion of the endocarp.
Key features:Members of the family Menispermaceae show extensive variation in most of their morphological traits. However, the main feature historically used to define the family is the curved seed found in many of the genera, hence the common name “moonseed”family. Concomitant with the curving of the seed is the curving of the embryo. Additionally, the endocarp is variously ornamented and provides important taxonomic characters for distinguishing between and within genera.
Properties: Several members of the family are known for their medicinal and toxic properties. Most species contain alkaloids which have similar effects to the paralysing hunting poisons curare, and berberine. These alkaloids also have medicinal value. Plants from the genera Stephania andTinospora feature in Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine.
References:
1. Hooker, J. D. (1885) Flora of British India. Vol. 1. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.
2. Pramanik, A. & Gangopadhyay, M. (1993) Menispermaceae. In: Sharma, B.D. et al. (eds) Flora of India, Botanical Survey of India. Vol. 1. Deep Printers, New Delhi.
3. http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/menisper.htm

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Menispermaceae members are distinguished by the dioecious character, lianous habit (not so in some Cocculus spp.), the usually three merous floral situation, the double whorl of sepals, and the curved seed. Detailed description

Named by A.L.de Jussieu the family Menispermaceae is mainly restricted to Tropics and subtropics. Few species reach to temperate regions also.

Menispermaceae is represented by 68 genera and 448 species in the world (TPL 2013). In India it represented by 20 genera and 43 species (Pramanik & Gangopadhyay, 1993).

Following genera and their species are present and discussed in eFI (pl click genus name to see details):

Anamirta (A.cocculus)

Cissampelos (C.pareira)

Cocculus (C.hirsutus, C.laurifolius, C.pendulus)

Coscinium (C.fenestratum)

Cyclea (C.peltata)

Diploclisia (D.glaucescens)

Pachygone(P.ovata)

Parabaena (P.sagittata)

Stephania (S.glabra, S.gracilenta, S.japonica, S.japonica var. discolour)

Tiliacora (T.acuminata)

Tinospora (T.cordifolia, T.sinensis)

Threatened species as mentioned in Red list of Threatened Vascular Plant Species in India (based on the 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants):

Albertisia mecistophylla (Indeterminate)

Coscinium fenestratum (Endangered)

Cyclea debiliflora (Indeterminate)

Cyclea fissicalyx (Endangered)

Cyclea wattii (Indeterminate)

Stephania andamanica (Indeterminate)

Tinospora andamanica (Indeterminate)

Following species need to be added in eFI to cover complete Indian Menispermaceae:

Albertisia mecintophylla

Aspidocarya uvifera

Cocculus orbiculatus, C.prainianus

Cyclea barbata, C.bicristata, C.debiliflora, C.fissicalyx, C.meeboldii, C.pendulina, C.wattii

Eleutharrhena macrocarpa

Fibraurea tinctoria

Haematocarpus validus

Hypserpa nitida

Pericampylus glaucus

Pycnarrhena lucida, P.pleniflora

Stephania andamanica, S.elegans, S.glandulifera, S.venosa, S.wightii

Tiliacora triandra

Tinomiscium petiolare

Tinospora crispa, T.glabra


Thanks for detailed information … really very useful, hope to see some new additions along with usual uploads..


Thanks … for this set of information. I also hope to see some additions during this episode.
We might also need to revisit some of the previous posts (of Menispermaceae) and update the database accordingly. For example the only post of “Pachygone ovata” has been later identified as Tiliacora acumina. So, as of now P. ovata doesn’t exist in the database.
I think members can also post pictures of herbarium specimens in the absence of plant pictures. This will help cover some of the rare/threatened species.

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I have compiled some of the common/popular species of Menispermaceae discussed in our group, for your easy reference.
The names of pictures are linked to the original messages posted by members. These are representative images selected randomly from multiple posts.
This is just an attempt to collate pictures in one place without actually attaching them in the email. I would appreciate your suggestions and comments.
I thank … for helping me with the coding as well as fixing the layout issues.
MENISPERMACEAE :: Photoguide-1 (12 images)


Awsome and humbling that so many folks have already shown them to us.


Thank you … for these two very good pages of Photoguide to Menispermaceae. Really helpful to differentiate genera.
I wish we could have such pics (one for each genus) on family page in our eFI datbase.


…, having such photoguide for all the families and genera is my wish as well. This way we don’t have to attach or store pictures on pages, so there won’t be any storage/ size issues.
This might need suitable programming and lots and lots of time and efforts. But as you said it will be really helpful to have an overview of the family or genus concerned.
…, is it possible to incorporate these photoguides onto the family page of eFI database/site?


I think it is not a straight-forward effort. The challenge is posed by differing sizes of the images attached. To make them appear uniformly tall or wide is very difficult and cumbersome. The pictures in such tables must be thumbnails of original sized images to make page light-weight – easier for the audience to download.
I could be pessimistic; please wait for more comments.

Thanks, …, One can start a new google site in such manner & see how it goes.


Thanks … for the opinion and concerns, and … for the suggestion.
…, these pages were actually created using Google Sites.

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MBNN Fortnight :: MENISPERMACEAE :: # RVS-Oct 04 : 8 posts by 6 authors.
MENISPERMACEAE :: Photoguide-2 (12 images)


Thank you … for these pictures. All these are very helpful in understanding the morphology of different genera in Menispermaceae.


This experiment will go a long way. Very good effort. Looks elegant.


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Species, genera & family pages of‎‎‎ ‎‎ ‎Menispermaceae are now with images : 1 post by 1 author.
Species, genera & family pages of‎‎‎‎‎ Menispermaceae are now with images. I request you to pl. go through & point out mistakes, if any. I hope this will aid in identifications in future. If anybody can send images of other species of this family (for incorporation in the website), if any, or can identify unidentified images, it will be really nice.


 

 

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