Bulbophyllum affine Wall. ex Lindl. (W. Central Himalaya to Nansei-shoto: Assam, Cambodia, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Hainan, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya as per POWO)

    
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Bulbophyllum ambrosia (Hance) Schltr. (Nepal to S. China and Indo-China: Assam, China South-Central, China Southeast, Hainan, Laos, Nepal, Vietnam as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum careyanum (Hook.) Spreng. (Himalaya to China (Yunnan) and Indo-China: Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, China South-Central, East Himalaya, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum cariniflorum Rchb.f. (Himalaya to Indo-China: Assam, East Himalaya, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Tibet, Vietnam, West Himalaya as per POWO)
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Bulbophyllum crabro (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) J.J.Verm. (Nepal to S. Central China and Peninsula Malaysia: Assam, China South-Central, East Himalaya, Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam as per POWO)
    


Bulbophyllum crassipes Hook.f. (SW. & NE. India, Sikkim to China (S. Yunnan) and NW. Peninsula Malaysia: Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, China South-Central, East Himalaya, India, Laos, Malaya, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum delitescens Hance (Assam to S. China and N. Indo-China: Assam, China South-Central, China Southeast, Hainan, Laos, Myanmar, Tibet, Vietnam as per POWO)
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Bulbophyllum fimbriatum (Lindl.) Rchb.f. (SW. India as per POWO)
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Bulbophyllum fischeri Seidenf. (S. India, Sri Lanka, S. Indo-China: Cambodia, India, Sri Lanka, Vietnam as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum fuscopurpureum Wight (India (Nilghiri Hills) as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum gopalianum Sâwmlianâ, M., K. Gogoi, J.S. Jalal and P. Kumara (Mizoram)

   


Bulbophyllum guttulatum (Hook.f.) N.P.Balakr. (Himalaya to Vietnam: Assam, East Himalaya, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Tibet, Vietnam, West Himalaya as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum gymnopus Hook.f. (E. Himalaya to China (S. Yunnan) and Indo-China: Assam, Bangladesh, China South-Central, East Himalaya, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum hirtum (Sm.) Lindl. (Himalaya to China (S. Yunnan) and Indo-China: Assam, Bangladesh, China South-Central, East Himalaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum kaitiense Rchb.f. (India (Anamalai Hills, Nilghiri Hills) as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum khasyanum Griff. (E. Himalaya to China (Yunnan) and Indo-China: Assam, China South-Central, East Himalaya, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam as per POWO)
 


Bulbophyllum leopardinum (Wall.) Lindl. ex Wall. (Himalaya to China (S. Yunnan) and Indo-China: Assam, China South-Central, East Himalaya, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya as per POWO)

   


Bulbophyllum lobbii subsp. siamense (Rchb.f.) Mangal (Arunachal Pradesh to Indo-China, Borneo (Sabah), Philippines (Luzon): Assam, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, East Himalaya, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum moniliforme E.C.Parish & Rchb.f. (Central Nepal to Indo-China: Assam, Cambodia, East Himalaya, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum mysorense (Rolfe) J.J.Sm. (India (Karnataka, Tamil Nadu) as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum odoratissimum (Sm.) Lindl. ex Wall. (Nepal to S. China: Andaman Is., Assam, Cambodia, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum polyrrhizum Lindl. (Uttarakhand to China (S. Yunnan) and Indo-China: Assam, China South-Central, East Himalaya, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, West Himalaya as per POWO)

        


Bulbophyllum proudlockii (King & Pantl.) J.J.Sm. (S. India (as per POWO))

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Bulbophyllum purpureofuscum J.J.Verm. (Nepal to China (Yunnan): Assam, China South-Central, East Himalaya, Myanmar, Nepal as per POWO)

     


Bulbophyllum reptans (Lindl.) Lindl. ex Wall. (Himalaya to Hainan: Assam, Bangladesh, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Hainan, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam, West Himalaya as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum rheedei Manilal & Sath.Kumar (India (Kerala) as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum rolfei (Kuntze) Seidenf. (Nepal to China (W. Yunnan) and N. Myanmar: Assam, China South-Central, East Himalaya, Myanmar, Nepal as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum rosemarianum Sath.Kumar, P.C.S.Kumar & Saleem (India (Kerala) as per POWO)

               


Bulbophyllum roseopictum J.J.Verm. (Nepal to China (Yunnan) and N. Indo-China: Assam, Bangladesh, China South-Central, East Himalaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya as per POWO)

       


Bulbophyllum roxburghii (Lindl.) Rchb.f. (E. Nepal to Bangladesh: Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, Nepal as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum scabratum Rchb.f. ? (Nepal to S. China and Indo-China: Assam, Bangladesh, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam as per POWO)

 
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Bulbophyllum sterile (Lam.) Suresh (Nepal to India and Myanmar: Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Myanmar, Nepal as per POWO)
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Bulbophyllum sterile or Bulbophyllum rosemarianum ?

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Bulbophyllum striatum (Griff.) Rchb.f. (Nepal to China (SE. Yunnan) and Indo-China: Assam, Bangladesh, China South-Central, East Himalaya, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam as per POWO)

     
  


Bulbophyllum thaiorum J.J.Sm. (Bhutan to China (Yunnan) and Indo-China: China South-Central, East Himalaya, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum tremulum Wight (SW. India as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum trichocephalum (Schltr.) Tang & F.T.Wang (Nepal to S. China and Indo-China: Andaman Is., Assam, Cambodia, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam as per POWO (Bulbophyllum odoratissimum var. odoratissimum) )

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Bulbophyllum umbellatum Lindl. (W. Central Himalaya to Taiwan and Indo-China: Assam, China South-Central, East Himalaya, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam, West Himalaya as per POWO)

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Bulbophyllum wallichii Rchb.f. (Himalaya to Indo-China: Assam, China South-Central, East Himalaya, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya as per POWO)

   


Bulbophyllum species- Sailam, Mizoram
 


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Bulbophyllum Thouars, Hist. Orchid.: t. 3 (1822), nom. cons.

Synonyms:
Phyllorkis Thouars, Hist. Orchid.: t. 4, f. 2 (1822).
Tribrachia Lindl., Bot. Reg. 10: t. 832 (1824).
Anisopetalon Hook., Exot. Fl. 2: t. 149 (1825).
Cochlea Blume, Bijdr.: 320 (1825).
Cochlia Blume, Bijdr.: 320 (1825).
Diphyes Blume, Bijdr.: 310 (1825).
Ephippium Blume, Bijdr.: 308 (1825).
Epicranthes Blume, Bijdr.: 306 (1825).
Osyricera Blume, Bijdr.: 307 (1825).
Zygoglossum Reinw., Syll. Pl. Nov. 2: 5 (1825).
Bolbophyllum Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 681 (1826), orth. var.
Gersinia Néraud in C.Gaudichaud-Beaupré, Voy. Uranie: 27 (1826).
Megaclinium Lindl., Bot. Reg. 12: t. 989 (1826).
Odontostylis Breda, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Asclep.: t. 4 (1827), nom. illeg.
Sestochilos Breda, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Asclep.: t. 3 (1827).
Epicrianthus Blume, Fl. Javae, Praef.: vii (1828).
Odontostylis Blume, Fl. Javae, Praef.: vii (1828), nom. superfl.
Hippoglossum Breda, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Asclep. 3: t. 14 (1829).
Cirrhopetalum Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 45 (1830), nom. cons.
Lyraea Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 46 (1830).
Macrolepis A.Rich. in J.S.C.Domont d’Urville, Voy. Astrolabe 2: 25 (1833).
Malachadenia Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 25(Misc.): 67 (1839).
Pachyrhachis A.Rich., Herb. Gén. Amateur, II, 3: 23 (1845).
Oxysepalum Wight, Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 5: 17 (1851).
Bolbophyllaria Rchb.f., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 10: 934 (1852).
Bolbophyllopsis Rchb.f., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 10: 933 (1852).
Didactyle Lindl., Fol. Orchid. 1: 1 (1852).
Xiphizusa Rchb.f., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 10: 919 (1852).
Sarcobodium Beer, Prakt. Stud. Orchid.: 306 (1854).
Bulbophyllaria S.Moore in J.G.Baker, Fl. Mauritius: 844 (1877), orth. var.
Henosis Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 771 (1890).
Adelopetalum Fitzg., J. Bot. 29: 152 (1891).
Pelma Finet, Notul. Syst. (Paris) 1: 112 (1909).
Codonosiphon Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1: 893 (1913).
Dactylorhynchus Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1: 890 (1913).
Monosepalum Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1: 682 (1913).
Tapeinoglossum Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1: 892 (1913).
Hyalosema Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 27: 130 (1919).
Canacorchis Guillaumin, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., II, 35: 653 (1964).
× Cirrhophyllum auct., Orchid Rev. 73(859) noh: 1 (1965).
Hapalochilus (Schltr.) Senghas, Orchidee (Hamburg) 29: 248 (1978).
Ferruminaria Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14: 635 (1994).
Mastigion Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14: 635 (1994).
Rhytionanthos Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14: 637 (1994).
Synarmosepalum Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14: 639 (1994).
Vesicisepalum (J.J.Sm.) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist, Nordic J. Bot. 14: 641 (1994).
Oncophyllum D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem., Orchadian 13: 420 (2001).
Peltopus (Schltr.) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46: 114 (2001).
Blepharochilum M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Orchadian 13: 499 (2002).
Carparomorchis M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Orchadian 13: 499 (2002).
Fruticicola (Schltr.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Orchadian 13: 499 (2002).
Kaurorchis D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem., Orchadian 13: 499 (2002).
Papulipetalum (Schltr.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Orchadian 13: 500 (2002).
Serpenticaulis M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Orchadian 13: 500 (2002).
Spilorchis D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem., Orchadian 15: 37 (2005).
Hamularia Aver. & Averyanova, Komarovia 4: 18 (2006).
Hordeanthos Szlach., Richardiana 7: 88 (2007).
Lepanthanthe (Schltr.) Szlach., Richardiana 7: 82 (2007).
Trachyrhachis (Schltr.) Szlach., Richardiana 7: 85 (2007).
Tripudianthes (Seidenf.) Szlach. & Kras, Richardiana 7(2): 94 (2007).
Distribution: This is one of the most widely distributed genera found in Africa, Australia, Asia, and South America.
Note: Bulbophyllum is the largest genera of flowering plants with around 2000 species of which around 600 species are found in Papua New Guinea. In India the genus is represented by around 106 species. 

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Orchids of India, Volume 2 By Johns Augustine, Yogendra Kumar, Jauti Sharma (2001- Description & Keys
(Keys to the Sections- Aphanobulbon, Cirrhopetaloides, Desmosanthes, Elatae, Emarginatae, Globiceps, Meusae, Microbulbon, Microstylidia, Micromonanthe, Monilibulbus, Pleiophyllus, Racemosae, Sestochilos, Tripudianthes, Umbellatae)
Section SestochilosBulbophyllum affine, Bulbophyllum griffithii, Bulbophyllum leopardianum, Bulbophyllum lobbi, Bulbophyllum listeri, Bulbophyllum obrienianum, Bulbophyllum pectinatum)
Section Monilibulbus–  Bulbophyllum moniliforme
Section MicromonantheBulbophyllum capillipes, Bulbophyllum devangiriens, Bulbophyllum hastatum
Section RacemosaeBulbophyllum bisetum, Bulbophyllum careyanum, Bulbophyllum cornu-cervi, Bulbophyllum crassipes, Bulbophyllum cupreum, Bulbophyllum elassonotum, Bulbophyllum eublepharum, Bulbophyllum parviflorum, Bulbophyllum penicillium,Bulbophyllum polyrhizum, Bulbophyllum reptans, Bulbophyllum rufinum, Bulbophyllum secundum,  Bulbophyllum tricorne)
Section DesmosanthesBulbophyllum cauliflorum, Bulbophyllum iners, Bulbophyllum laptanthum, ……

………………………..)


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Bulbophyllum maxillare (Orchidaceae) – A new record for India from Andaman & Nicobar Islands (By Joju P. Alappatt- Rheedea Vol. 23(1) 40-42 2013-  Key to species of Bulbophyllum in Great Nicobar Island-
Bulbophyllum apodum,
Bulbophyllum bakhuizenii,
Bulbophyllum clandestinum,
Bulbophyllum longibracteatum,
Bulbophyllum macranthum,
Bulbophyllum maxillare,
Bulbophyllum restrepia)

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Bulbophyllum is the largest genus in the orchid family Orchidaceae.
With more than 2,000 species, it is also one of the largest genera of  flowering plants, exceeded only by Astragalus. This genus is abbreviated in the trade journals as Bulb.
Phylogeny
This genus was first described by Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars (botanical abbreviation Thouars) in his book Histoire particulière des plantes orchidées recueillies sur les trois Iles Australes d’Afrique, de France, de Bourbon et de Madagascar, describing 17 Bulbophyllum species. There are now more than 2,800 records (accepted names and synonyms) for this genus. This large number and the great variety of its forms make the genus a considerable challenge for taxonomists: 120 sections and subgenera have been listed. The scientific name has been derived from the Latin word bulbus (bulb-like) and the Greek word phyllon (leaf), referring to the pseudobulbs on top of which the leaf is growing.
The center of diversity of this genus is in the montane forests of Papua New Guinea (more than 600 species) which seems to be the evolutionary homeland, though the genus is pantropical and widespread, occurring in Australia, Southeast Asia (with over 200 species in Borneo), India, Madagascar (with 135 species, some endemic), Africa and in tropical central and South America.
Structure
The general characteristics for this genus are : single-noded pseudobulbs, the basal inflorescence and the mobile lip. This genus covers an incredible range of vegetative forms, from tall plants with cane-like stems, to root climbers that wind or creep their way up tree trunks. Other members are pendulous epiphytes (growing on other plants), and quite a number that have developed succulent foliage to a greater or lesser degree. Some species are lithophytic. One species has almost become leafless and uses its pseudobulbs as the organs of
photosynthesis.
These orchids with a sympodial growth have rhizomatous stems with often angled pseudobulbs. The thin to leathery leaves are folded lengthwise.
Pollination
Many Bulbophyllum species have the typical odor of rotting carcasses, and the flies they attract assist in their reproduction through pollination.
The erect to pendent inflorescence arises laterally from the base of the pseudobulb. The flower form has a basic structural blueprint that serves to identify this genus. But this form can be very diverse : compound or single, with few to many flowers, with the resupinate flowers arranged spirally or in two vertical ranks. The sepals and the petals can also be very varied : straight or turned down, without footstalk or with a long claw at the base. They are often hairy or callous. There are two to four hard and waxy pollinia with stipes present or absent. The fruits are beakless capsules.
SOURCE: WIKIPEDIA !


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While working on the Revision of Bulbophyllums of Asia, I am encountering many Orchid names which are tricky. So I just wished to share some information, why we should be careful while attaching proper names to the plants. Its very technical and may not be interest of all, but please bear with me.
Here are few strange examples:
A.
Bulbophyllum careyanum (Hook.) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 732 (1826).
Bulbophyllum carrianum J.J.Verm., Gard. Bull. Singapore 52: 279 (2000).
Both of the above examples are of accepted names of two different plants, but they are pronounced similarly though they have variation in spelling and etymology.
B.
Bulbophyllum klossii Ridl., Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 9: 179 (1916).
Bulbophyllum klossii Ridl., Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 85 (1926), nom. illeg.
Both of the names are unaccepted. Second name is invalid as the first name already existed. These name dont refer to the same plant because first plant is actually synonyms of Bulbophyllum trachyanthum Kraenzl., Oesterr. Bot. Z. 44: 336 (1894), where as second one refers to Bulbophyllum purpurascens Teijsm. & Binn., Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 24: 308 (1862).
C.
Bulbophyllum ciliatum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 48 (1830).
Bulbophyllum ciliolatum Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1: 809 (1913).
Both the above names are accepted and they are distinct taxa and missing one ‘o’ means a wrong identity!!
D.
Bulbophyllum cochleatum Lindl., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 6: 125 (1862).
Bulbophyllum cochleatum Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 455 (1910), nom. illeg.
First is an accepted name and second is invalid as first exists but second refers to another plant, Bulbophyllum macphersonii var. spathulatum Dockrill & St.Cloud, N. Queensland Naturalist 26(117): 4 (1957).
E.
Bulbophyllum dearei (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f., Flora 71: 156 (1888).
Bulbophyllum dearei A.H.Kent in H.J.Veitch, Man. Orchid. Pl. 3: 95 (1888), nom. illeg.
Both names were published in 1888 but one was a bit early so first is accept and second is illegitimate. But the interesting thing is, second is synonym of first. Second interesting thing is the basionym of first was also published in 1888, Sarcopodium dearei Rchb.f., Flora 71: 156 (1888).!!!
Enjoy the twists and turns….

In the last case, most interesting thing is, three different persons at three different places, used the same species name for theirplants in the same year, which eventually referred to same taxa. There has to be somethign DEAR about DEARE on which the name is based!!! May be the plant to which all referred to was collected by some Mr. Dear!!


Indeed interesting …
To me, the most interesting point is someone digging into this chaos.
Not much is discussed in this regard; and rarely such matter is put in black and white.
Though not knowing the plants you mentioned, it is getting clearer that botanical name alone may not suggest a species, unless accompanied by the author citation.
Thank you very much for the eye-opening post.


Sorry, two different persons named the last one with a single species name and a third person made a new combination.
One name is based on other.
As usual, I am poor in mathematics…


Had known examples of homonyms involving different authors, but this one is interesting
Bulbophyllum klossii Ridl., Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 9: 179 (1916).
Bulbophyllum klossii Ridl., Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 85 (1926), nom. illeg.
How could Ridley give same name to two different plants

Yes sir, that was the twist. Its by same author in different publication…. 🙂


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Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae) page with comparative images:
Pl. go through‎ Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae) page with comparative images of species in efloraofindia. On clicking the link of species, one can check the complete details.
I request you to pl. go through & point out mistakes, if any. I hope this will aid in identification in future. If anybody can send images of other species of this genus (for incorporation in the website), if any, or can identify unidentified images, it will be really nice. Pl. circulate it widely, for the benefit of all concerned.
Thanks a lot, Pankaj Kumar ji, for most of the identifications.