Syzygium australe (J.C.Wendl. ex Link) B.Hyland (Cultivated)
Syzygium balsameum (Wight) Wall. ex Walp. (Sikkim to China (S. Yunnan) and Peninsula Malaysia: Assam, Bangladesh, China South-Central, East Himalaya, Laos, Malaya, Myanmar, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam as per POWO)
Syzygium formosum (Wall.) Masam. (C. Himalaya to W. & S. Malesia: Assam, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, East Himalaya, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam as per POWO)
 
Syzygium kurzii (Duthie) N. P. Balakrishnan (Central Himalaya to Indo-China: Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand as per POWO)
Syzygium mundagam (Bourd.) V. Chithra (Endemic to southern Western_Ghats- South Sahyadri and between Palakkad hills to Coorg Region in Central Sahyadris as per Biotik)
Syzygium nervosum A.Cunn. ex DC. (China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan), Tibet, Vietnam, India, Assam, Thailand, Laos, Sri Lanka, Java, Australia (Western Australia, NorthernbTerritory), Christmas Isl. (Austr.), Myanmar [Burma] (Bago, Chin, Kachin, Rakhine, Shan), Nepal, Bangladesh, Nepal, Borneo, peninsular Malaysia, Moluccas, Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro, Negros), Palawan, Sumatra as per Catalogue of Life)       
Syzygium polypetalum (Wall. ex Wight) Merr. & Perry (Arunachal Pradesh to Myanmar: Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, Myanmar as per POWO)
Syzygium praecox (Roxb.) N. C. Rathakrishnan & N. C. Nair (E. Nepal to China (S. Yunnan, W. Guangxi, Guangdong) and Indo-China: Assam, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam as per POWO)
Syzygium species- Dampui-ngaw, Mizoram
. Keys from Flora of Bhutan:
l. Stamens long, 1 — 3cm; calyx lobes conspicuous, 1.5 — Smm long, persistent (caducous in S. smalianum) ………… 2 + Stamens short, 0.2 — 0.7cm; calyx lobes 0.5 — l mm, inconspicuous or early caducous …………….. 8
2. Leaves often in whorls of 3, sessile and subcordate at base….l. S. formosum + Leaves opposite, distinctly petiolate and cuneate or rounded at base (sometimes subcordate in S. aqueum) ……… 3
3. Cymes terminal and in axils of upper most leaves ………. 4 + Cymes borne in axils of lower and fallen leaves …….. 7
4. Calyx tube short, c 8mm, lobes caducous …….. 6. S. smalianum
+ Calyx tube elongate, l0 — 17mm, lobes persistent …….. 5
5. Leaves 5 — 12cm broad, rounded or subcordate at base ……….. 4. S. aqueum + Leaves 2.5 — 5.5cm broad, cuneate at base …….. 6
6. Leaves lanceolate; calyx tube7— lOmmbroadatmouth,lobes4—5mm; petals c l.5cm; cultivated …….. 2. S.jambos
+ Leaves elliptic; calyx tube 3-4mm broad at mouth, lobes 2—4mm; petals0.8 – l.2cm; native ……. 3. S. ramosissimum
7. Leaves elliptic-oblanceolate,2.5—5 cm broad, glossy above; flowers numerous, borne in 3’s on branches of cyme, sessile; calyx tube abruptly narrowing into stalk, 3 — 5mm long ……..5. S. praecox +Leaves obovate-elliptic, 5 — lO.5cm broad, not glossy above; cymes 3 – 7flowered, flowers solitary on slender pedicels 3 — 20mm; calyx tube gradually tapering, 6 — 8mm long …… 7. S. kurzii
8. Cymes terminal and/or axillary on leafy shoots ……. 9 +Cymes mostly bome in axils of fallen leaves on older branches, sometimes some bome in axils of lower leaves but never terminal …… l l
9. Petiole 4 — 7mm; calyx tube long 7 – 15mm, gradually tapering 9. S. claviflorum + Petiole l l — 20mm; calyx tube short 3 — 5mm, tapering or abruptly narrowed 10
10. Calyx tube 4—5mm, cup suddenly contracted into stalk-like base; stamens 4— 7mm……. 8. S. venosum + Calyx tube funnel-shaped, tapering and not suddenly contracted into stalk-like base …. 10. S. cumini
11. Lateral veins numerous, slender, inconspicuous, usually weakly prominent on both surfaces …………. l2 + Lateral veins few (upto 18pairs), conspicuous, prominent beneath (sometimes also with much weaker transverse veins) …………. l3
12. Petiole 4 – 7mm; calyx tube 7 – 15mm ………. 9. S. claviflorum + Petiole 15 — 20mm; calyx tube 3 — 5mm ………. 10. S. cumini
13. Leaves broadly elliptic or broadly ovate, 9 — 19 x 5 – 12cm; cymes large, 7 — 24 x 5 — 10cm; calyx campanulate, without stalk-like base 11. S. operculatum
+ Leaves elliptic obovate or oblanceolate 8 — 14 x 2- 8cm; cymes small 1 -7 x l ~ 5cm; calyx funnel-shaped with stalk-like base …… 14
14. Leaves thickly coriaceous, brown when dry; stalk-like base of calyx tube stout 12. S. tetragonum + Leaves thinly coriaceous, greenish when dry; stalk-like base of calyx tube slender …………13. S. balsameum
.
Typifications and nomenclatural notes on Indian Myrtaceae by James W. Byng, Peter G. Wilson & Neil Snow- Phytotaxa 06/2015; 217(2):101-116. – Abstract– We discuss typification and present other nomenclatural notes for 44 taxa of Indian Myrtaceae. Lectotypes are designated for 28 species plus 6 synonyms in Syzygium and 6 species in Eugenia. A new combination, Syzygium coarctatum, and new synonyms of Syzygium bifarium and Syzygium stocksii are also recognised.
Species discussed in India with distribution:
Syzygium aborense (Dunn) Rathakrishnan & N.C. Nair- India [Arunachal Pradesh, Assam]; 600‒800 m.
Syzygium antisepticum (Blume ex DC.) Merrill & L.M.Perry- India [Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Assam, Meghalaya], Myanmar, Thailand and Malesia; 0‒1300 m.
Syzygium balsameum (Wight) Walpers- India [Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Tripura, West Bengal], Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Myanmar, Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam; up to 700 m.
Syzygium beddomei (Duthie) Chithra- India [Kerala, Tamil Nadu]; 1200‒1500 m.
Syzygium bifarium (Wall.) Veldkamp in Snow & Veldkamp- India [Meghalaya] and Bangladesh
Syzygium coarctatum (Blume) Byng, N. Snow & Peter G.Wilson, comb. nov.- India [Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram], Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam; 1000–1500 m.
Syzygium courtallense (Gamble) Alston- India [Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu] and Sri Lanka; up to 800 m. Syzygium cyanophyllum (P.C.Kanjilal & Das) Raizada- India [Assam].
Syzygium densiflorum Wallich ex Wight & Arnott- India [Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Orissa, Tamil Nadu]; 1000–1500 m.
Syzygium diospyrifolium (Wall. ex Duthie) S. N. Mitra- India [Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram], Bangladesh, Cambodia, Myanmar, Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam; 100‒600 m.
Syzygium formosum (Wall.) Mason- India [Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal], Bangladesh, Bhutan, Malesia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam; 100‒500 m.
Syzygium grande (Wight) Walpers- India [Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Meghalaya, Tamil Nadu], Bangladesh, Cambodia, Malesia, Myanmar, Thailand, Sri Lanka and Vietnam. Sometimes cultivated; 0‒1000 m.
Syzygium hemisphericum (Wight) Alston- India [Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu] and Sri Lanka; 0‒900 m.
Syzygium khasianum (Duthie) N.P. Balakrishnan- India [Meghalaya]; up to 500 m.
Syzygium kurzii (Duthie ex Kurz) N.P. Balakrishnan- India [Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Sikkim, West Bengal], Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal and Thailand; 0–1500 m.
Syzygium lanceolatum (Lam.) Wight & Arnott- India [Kerala, Tamil Nadu].
Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merrill & L.M. Perry- India [Arunachal Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal], Australia, Cambodia, Laos, Malesia, Myanmar, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Vanuatu and Vietnam. Native and also widely cultivated; 0–1000 m.
Syzygium microphyllum Gamble- India [Kerala, Tamil Nadu]; 600‒1500 m.
Syzygium munroi (Wight) Chandrabose in Sharma et al.- India [Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu]; 50‒1500 m.
Syzygium neesianum Arnott- India [Kerala, Tamil Nadu] and Sri Lanka; 100‒800 m.
Syzygium polypetalum (Wall.) Merrill & L.M. Perry- India [Arunchal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Tripura, West Bengal], Bangladesh and Myanmar.
Syzygium praecox (Roxb.) Rathakrishnan & N. C. Nair- —India [Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal], Bangladesh and Bhutan; 300‒1300 m.
Syzygium praetermissum (Gage) Balakrishnan- India [Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram]; 300‒900 m.
Syzygium rubicundum Wight & Arnott- India [Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu] and Sri Lanka; 400‒1300 m.
Syzygium schmidii Rathakrishnan & N.C. Nair- India [Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Orissa, West Bengal] and Bangladesh; 100–1300 m.
Syzygium stocksii (Duthie) Gamble- Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu (Indian endemic); 125‒1300 m.
Syzygium syzygioides (Miq.) Merrill & L. M. Perry- India [Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim], Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam and Malesia; 0‒1300 m.
Syzygium tamilnadensis Rathakrishnan & Chithra in Chithra- India [Maharashtra, Kerala, Tamil Nadu]; 1400‒1700 m.
Syzygium tenue (Duthie) N. P. Balakrishnan- India [Uttar Pradesh]; ca. 1300 m.
Syzygium wightianum Wallich ex Wight & Arnott- India [Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu] and Sri Lanka; 600–1200 m. .
My first question is – why the book “Bengal Plants” by Sir David Prain, published in 1903, didn’t enlist Syzygium samarangense in any synonymous form? Two decades later, in 1925, Dr. Haines, in his “Botany of Bihar and Orissa” listed one – Eugenia javanica Lamk., syn. E. alba Roxb.; JAMRUL, Beng. And he noted, ” Cultivated only in the southern moisture districts, e.g. Cuttack, Fl. April, Fr. May, Native of Malacca.”
So, who is this apparently lesser known stranger E. javanica Lamk.?
“The Plant List” says it is Syzygium samarangense – http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-75559!
“KEW” says it is Syzygium aqueum – POWO!
!!!!! Confusion confusion confusion !!!!!
A 2015 paper on revision of Syzygium ….., (NOT an Indian Paper) relates E. javanica Lam. with S. aqueum (Burm. f.) Alston.
My second question is – why should our JAMRUL be tagged with Syzygium samarangense??? The ground is, as per eFI –
Key characteristics: Trunk short, crooked, often branching from base; crown irregular; leaves opposite; flowers yellow-white;
… aqueum: 5–15 mm long leafstalk and 5–7mm long calyx, small fruits; … samarangense: 3– 5mm long leaf stalk, 15mm long calyx and larger fruit; aromatic !!!!! Confusion confusion confusion !!!!!
What the paper says?
Leaf subsessile, petiole ≤ 2 mm long; leaf base cordate; hypanthium apex abruptly constricted to pseudostalk; fruit turbinate (in vivo) ………. S. aqueum (Burm. f.) Alston
Leaf petiolate, petiole > 2 mm long; leaf base cuneate, rounded or slightly cordate; hypanthium gradually constricted to pseudostalk; fruit pyriform to subglobose (in vivo) ……. S. samarangense (Blume) Merr. & L.M.Perry
And the paper also notes, “…. S. samarangense and S. aqueum are widely cultivated in the tropics ranging from India through ……. This is further complicated by some overlapping vegetative characters between the two species …….” Let’s visit KEW page- POWO
.
.
Species with description & pictures in Flowers of India as on 28.1.14:
.
.
. ,
A new species of Syzygium (Myrtaceae) from Kerala, India … – Biotaxa : by S.M. SHAREEF, SANTHOSH KUMAR, P.E. ROY:
A new species of Syzygium, S. chemunjianum is described and illustrated from the Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve, southern Western Ghats, Kerala, India. It is similar to S. tamilnadensis but differs from it in habit, colour and nature of blaze, shape of leaves, number of intramarginal nerves, position of inflorescence, the colour, size and shape of fruits and size of seeds. .
1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants edited by Kerry Scott Walter, Harriet J. Gillett
Syzygium andamanicum (King) N.P.Balakr.- I- Andamans
Syzygium benthamianum (Wight ex Duthie) Gamble is a synonym of Syzygium densiflorum Wall. ex Wight & Arn.– I – Tamilnadu
Syzygium bourdillonii (Gamble) Rathakr. & N.C.Nair- Ex/E- Kerala
Syzygium chavaran (Bourd.) Gamble- I- Kerala
Syzygium courtallense (Gamble) Alston- E- Tamilnadu
Syzygium kurzii (Duthie) N.P.Balakr. – I- Andamans
Syzygium manii (King) N.P.Balakr. – R- Andamans
Syzygium myhendrae (Bedd. ex Brandis) Gamble- I- Kerala & Tamilnadu
Syzygium occidentale (Bourd.) D.N.Gandhi- I- Kerala
Syzygium palghatense Gamble- Ex/E- Kerala
.
Flora of Davanagere District, Karnataka, India By B. K. Manjunatha, V. Krishna, T. Pullaiah (2004)- Details with Keys–
.
Forest Plants of Eastern India By Amal Bhusan Chaudhuri (1993)- Brief details with Keys-
Syzygium balsameum (Wight) Wall. ex Walp.
.
Minor Fruit Crops of India: Tropical and Subtropical By Bibhas Chandra Mazumdar (2004)- Details-
.
Flora of Medak District, Andhra Pradesh, India By T. Pullaiah, Chintala Prabhakar, B. Ravi Prasad Rao (1998)- Details with illustrations-
Syzygium cumini .
From Biotik:
Syzygium calophyllifolium Walp. Syzygium caryophyllatum (L.) Alston Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Syzygium densiflorum Wall. ex Wt. & Arn. Syzygium gambleanum Rathakr. & Chitra (syn. of Syzygium microphyllum Gamble) Syzygium gardneri Thw. Syzygium hemisphericum (Wt.) Alston Syzygium heyneanum (Duthie) Wall. ex Gamble (Syn. of Syzygium salicifolium) Syzygium laetum (Buch.-Ham.) Gandhi Syzygium lanceolatum (Lam.) Wt. & Arn. Syzygium lineare Wall. – MYRTACEAE (syn. of Syzygium zeylanicum (L.) DC.) Syzygium malabaricum (Bedd.) Gamble Syzygium mundagam (Bourd.) Chitra Syzygium munronii (Wt.) Chandrab. Syzygium parameswaranii Mohanan & Henry Syzygium tamilnadensis Rathkr. & Chitra (syn. of Syzygium grande (Wight) Walp.) .
Syzygium : 1 post by 1 author.
I have updated eFI (efloraofindia) page on Syzygium Attempts have been made to incorporate most of the species available in India & nearby areas with details & keys directly or through links as far as possible. It’s quite possible that there may be some discrepancy in the accepted names & synonyms taken from other links. Species discussed so far in efloraofindia are given at the bottom of the page in the form of links against Subpages. On clicking them one can see all the details. .
Syzygium (Myrtaceae) page with images of species in efloraofindia : 1 post by 1 author.
Pl. go through Syzygium (Myrtaceae) page with images of species in efloraofindia. If you find any incorrect identification, pl. let us know. If anybody can send images of other species of this genera (for incorporation in the website), if any, or can identify unidentified images, it will be really nice. .
This is a list of other Syzygium spp, not listed in the book, “Bengal Plants”. For the list of “Bengal Plants”, please, check – efi thread.
I would like to add, Sir, that this list is not an exhaustive one. |
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